scholarly journals VALIDATION AND CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF RATING SYSTEMS WOMAC, KSS AND FJS-12 IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE DISORDERS AND INJURIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Irzhanski ◽  
T. A. Kulyaba ◽  
N. N. Kornilov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Reverse Translation ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
English Speaking

The purposeof the work — is validation and cultural adaptation of the english-language rating systems for knee function assessment for use in scientific, medical and educational institutions of the Russian Federation.Materials and Methods.The english versions of rating systems WOMac® 3.1 Index, The knee Society clinical Rating System©, FjS-12® were translated to Russian language by orthopedic surgeon with advanced level of english and the professional translator specializing in the translation of medical texts. Reverse translation was provided by third independent translator born in the english-speaking country (native speaker). a printed version of the various translations of the questionnaires was filled by patients with an interval of two days. The study group included 150 patients with Stage III knee osteoarthritis (90 women and 60 men aged 48 to 75 years, an average of 62.5 years) hospitalized in Vreden Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics from February to april 2017 for total knee arthroplasty.Results.good and very good retest reliability of WOMac (α = 0.87 and α = 0.9), kSS (α = 0.89 and α = 0.86) and FjS-12 (α = 0.94 and α = 0.96) was revealed. The study revealed a strong correlation between the results of the questionnaires performed by different translators: WOMac (Icc = 0.89), kSS (Icc = 0.86), FjS-12 (Icc = 0.92). The correlation dependence between subsections of WOMac (stiffness – Icc = 0.98, pain – Icc = 0.87, daily functions – Icc = 0.89) and kSS (knee score – Icc = 0.94, function score – Icc = 0.88), which indicates a good constructive validity.Conclusion. The results of the study of criterial and constructive validity, as well as the retest reliability of the Russian versions of the WOMac, kSS and FjS-12 scales, indicate that they are a reliable and sensitive tool for assessing the function of knee joint, which can be widely used by Russian researchers in practical and scientific activities.

scholarly journals Multilingual access: Language hegemony and the need for discoverability in multiple languages

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
Kelly McElroy ◽  
Laurie M. Bridges
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World

It is widely accepted that English is the current lingua franca, especially in the scientific community. With approximately 527 million native speakers globally, English ranks as the third most-spoken language (after Chinese and Hindu-Urdu), but there are also an estimated 1.5 billion English-language learners in the world.The preeminence of English reflects the political power of the English-speaking world, carrying privileges for those who can speak, write, and read in English, and disadvantages to those who cannot. This is also the case in scholarly communication. Linguist Nicholas Subtirelu identifies three privileges for native English speakers: 1) easier access to social, political, and educational institutions; 2) access to additional forms of capital; and 3) avoiding negative opinions of one’s speech.For example, we were both born into families that speak American English at home, we were surrounded by English books and media growing up, and our entire education was in English. Even defining who counts as a “native” speaker can be refracted through other social identities. As college-educated white Americans, our English is never questioned, but the same is not true for many equally fluent people around the world. 

scholarly journals Adaptation of the Russian version of the ASAS health index

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Z. Gaidukova ◽  
A. I. Akulova ◽  
A. P. Rebrov ◽  
A. G. Bochkova ◽  
S. Ya. Startsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Health Index ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
Filling Time ◽  
Reverse Translation ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Impact

ASAS health index (ASAS HI) is a comprehensive tool developed on the basis of the international system of ICF (the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) to quantify the health of patients with spondyloarthritis (SPA), including ankylosing spondylitis (AS). ASAS HI is a questionnaire containing 17 questions, each related to a specific ICF pool (pain, emotions, sleep, sexual function, mobility, self-care and communication). ASAS HI additionally includes 9 questions (ASAS EF Item Set) to assess the impact of environmental factors on the health of the patient with SPA. The aim is a Russian translation and adaptation of the ASAS HI (including ASAS EF Item Set). Material and methods. Translation of ASAS HI and ASAS EF Item Set from English into Russian and its adaptation were carried out in five stages: the stage of direct translation; the stage of synthesis of translations and formation of the Russian version; the stage of reverse translation from Russian into English; the stage of comparison of the original English-language questionnaire with the result of reverse translation and the formation of the final Russian-language version; field test. Results and discussion. Three researchers performed an independent translation of ASAS HI (including ASAS EF Item Set), after which the fourth researcher created and agreed on a single Russian version of the questionnaire. Then two volunteers, for whom English is the main language, performed a reverse translation of ASAS HI from Russian into English (reverse translation). An independent researcher has compared the original and the resulting reverse translated English version of the ASAS HI, and then the three translators performed the joint correction of the text of the three questions, differing in English-language versions. The obtained second Russian-language version of ASAS HI (including ASAS EF Item Set) was tested by 10 patients with SPA: AS – 60%; non-radiological axial spondylitis (NR axSPA) – 40%, men – 60%; mean age – 32±12 years; duration of symptoms – 7.5±2.2 years; BASDAI index – 3.39±3.04; ASAS HI – 6,96±3,35.The average time to fill the questionnaire – 2,2±1,18 min. Patients rated the Russian version of the questionnaire as clear, easy to fill in and comprehensively characterizing health problems related to SPA. The results of testing Russian-speaking patients are comparable with the results obtained in testing 206 patients with SPA from 19 non-English-speaking and 4 English-speaking countries (AS – 65%; men – 59.7%; mean age – 42.4±13.9 years; duration of symptoms – 11.2±11.0 years; BASDAI – 3.8±2.3; ASAS HI – 7.1±4.4; filling time – 2.6±1.6 min). Conclusion. During the study translation and adaptation of the Russian version of ASAS HI, which is a tool for comprehensive assessment of health and function of patients with SPA, including AS were performed.

scholarly journals Foreign­ Language Environment of the University as a Resource for Development of Leading Universities of Russia (2014–2019 Monitoring Results)

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
N. N. Abakumova ◽  
A. V. Fakhrutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Research Universities ◽  
English Language ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Monitoring Study ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
The University

The presented study updates the problem of assessing the development efficiency of the foreign language environment in the leading research universities of Russia. The necessity of forming the language environment for the universities participating in the “TOP 5–100” project is shown. The monitoring study of the level of formation of the foreign language environment in universities is conducted in 21 leading universities, starting from 2014. In the experimental work the results of the six-year monitoring study have been summarized, which allowed identifying and fixing the mechanisms of language environment improvement: the development and implementation of English language for Bachelor, Specialist and Master programs; active language practice, the creation of special structures in the university, etc. The active development of the English-speaking environment in the higher educational institutions is shown, which attracts foreign applicants, promotes the participation of the teaching staff and students in international professional communities and associations.

Negotiating teacher identity: Experiences of Black teachers of English in Korean ELT

English Today ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hohsung Choe ◽  
Youngjoo Seo
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Identity ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Black Teachers ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Native English Speaking ◽  
Native English Speaking Teachers

Most recent research on teacher identity in the TESOL field has focused on how non-native English-speaking teachers (non-NESTs) view and position themselves vis-à-vis native English-speaking teachers (NESTs), and which factors influence their construction of their professional identities. However, the perceived native speaker/non-native speaker (NS–NNS) dichotomy greatly oversimplifies a complicated phenomenon by representing it as solely linguistic and disregarding sociocultural and political issues. Beyond the question of nativeness versus non-nativeness, race, ethnicity, nationality, and cultural identity have played key roles in how teachers position themselves within English language teaching (ELT). These other factors may be critical in how others judge the capability of a teacher of English and authenticity of his/her English.

scholarly journals Semantic representation of the concept of “fairness” in the sense of “honesty” in of modern politicians (based on English and Russian journalistic texts)

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Lyubov' Mikhailovna Shatilova ◽  
Anastasiya Aleksandrovna Potashova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Comparative Linguistics ◽  
Semantic Component ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Independent Decision ◽  
Legal Character

The goal of this work consists in semantic analysis of the synonyms of the concept of “fairness” in the sense of "honesty" in speech of English-language and Russian-language modern politicians. The subject of this research is the semantics of lexemes representing the concept of honesty in speech of English and Russian politicians. The existing gaps in comparative linguistics with regards to comparative analysis of the concept of “fairness” and its semantic component in English and Russian journalistic texts define the relevance of this article. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt of comparative analysis of the semantic component of the synonyms of core lexemes of “fairness/honesty”, and their functionality in speech of modern politicians reflected in journalistic texts. In English and Russian languages, the concept of “fairness” is described by the following terms: honesty, law, objectivity, truth. The author conducts comparative analysis of semantics of the synonyms of the concept of fairness in the sense of “honesty”. It was established that in English and Russian journalistic texts featuring the speech of modern English and Russian politicians, honesty implies not only an honest attitude towards something, but also moral, professional, and social dignity that inspires respect, as well as informedness of society on the key decisions, freedom of opinion. Honesty is also openness of borders; willingness to consider ideas and opinions that differ from personal; certain rules and measures that do not lead to unworthy or unacceptable results, as well as an independent decision of the highest authorities. However, in speech of English-speaking politicians, honesty carries rather a legal character, as well as social justice; while in speech of Russian-speaking politicians, honesty means failure to commit immoral, antisocial doings, as well; as being honest first and foremost with yourself.

scholarly journals Lexical Borrowing in Tourism Terminology

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-314
Author(s):  
Yakubova Noira Et al.
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Russian Language

The article studied borrowing in replenishing the terminology fund of the tourism sector showed that it was most widely used in the Uzbek language, and most of the terms are borrowed from the English language, which can be attributed to the typological line of the Russian language. The predominance of English terms in Uzbek and Russian terminology is explained primarily by extralinguistic factors: the development of the tourism sector takes place with an orientation towards foreign experience, and tourism as a branch of the economy is highly developed in English-speaking countries, therefore the terms serving it are anglicisms that are most universal and meet the needs of this moment of development of the tourism industry.

scholarly journals A Study of Avoidance Strategy of Face Threat of Native Speaker and Non-Native Speaker by Using Goffman’s Face-Work Theory

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-201
Author(s):  
Salmon Pandarangga
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
The Face ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Face Threat ◽  
Avoidance Strategy ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
English Native Speaker

The purpose of this study was to analyze the avoidance strategy of face threat by English native speaker and non-native speaker who learnt other language e.g. English. This study used Irving Goffman’s face-work theory and its relation to avoidance face threat as a framework. 2 participants (one Australian and one Indonesian) took part in this study. Both participants were interviewed in English language in English speaking environment for about 30 minutes each. The participants were asked to tell about their hobbies with some open-ended questions. This study focused on spoken sentences produced by both interviewees that indicated avoidance of face threat. The findings revealed that the native speaker and non-native speaker reacted differently to avoid face threat. In addition, they also had their own strategy to avoid the face threat. This study concluded that different cultures significantly contributed to the strategy of avoidance of face threat. Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v2i2.3087

scholarly journals An Important Factor of Research University Development: the Role of a pre-Masters Program for International Students

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadejda I. Guzarova ◽  
Galina V. Kashkan ◽  
Lisa Soon ◽  
Nina B. Shakhova
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Research University ◽  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
University Development ◽  
Bachelor's Degrees ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Further Development

AbstractThis paper considers the important practicality, scientific and methodological principles in the design of the pre-masters program in National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (or simply TPU). TPU is a university that mainly provides technical education, particularly education in engineering, science and technology disciplines. The design of the pre-masters program also considers the incorporation of educational technology for its realization for the international students, who received the bachelor’s degrees in other countries in English language and want to study masters programs in Russian language in Russia. According to the results of a comparative analysis that explored the experiences of the international students from English-speaking and Russian-speaking universities in the world within their pre-bachelors and pre-masters programs, this paper explains the differences between these programs and the specific features of the pre-masters programs. Further, this paper reports the analysis results of the implementation, monitoring and outcomes of the pre-masters program in TPU. It also presents some proposals for its further development.

scholarly journals Adaptation of the Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire — Russian version

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-216
Author(s):  
E.V. Bushina ◽  
A.M. Muminova
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
Reverse Translation ◽  
Reliable Methods

Objective of the study is to adapt of an English-language methodology that reveal the level of ag-gression and victimization in a school bullying situation on a Russian-language sample. Background. Bullying is one of the most serious problems of interpersonal relations at school. Results of previous research suggest negative consequences of bullying for its participants. According to statistics, every third child in Russia is subjected to bullying at school. Nevertheless, the problem of bullying remains scarcely explored, hence there is a problem in the lack of reliable methods for measuring that construct. Study design. The procedure for adapting the English-language Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire methodology consisted of direct and reverse translation, conducting cognitive interviews and surveys, as well as statistical processing stages. Participants. The sample included 833 respondents from 10 to 18 years old, with an average age of 16. 57% of them (473 respondents) are male, and 43% (360 respondents) are female. Methods. Сonfirmatory factor analyses and analysis of internal consistency were conducted for data analysis. The R software was used for data processing. Results. Good performance of confirmatory analysis and analysis of internal consistency confirm the correspondence of the structure of the adapted methodology to the original one and indicate the presence of reliability-consistency. The adapted version of the questionnaire includes 2 scales: victimization and aggression, each of which includes 8 statements, which are evaluated on a 5 — point scale. Conclusion. The adapted method is reliable and valid and can be used for both research and applied purposes in Russian schools.

scholarly journals Native vs. non-native EFL teachers: Who are better?

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
Kurniawati Kurniawati ◽  
Dini Rizki
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
First Language ◽  
Quality Teachers ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Native English Speaking ◽  
Native English Speaking Teachers

This paper discusses possible advantages of having Non-Native English-Speaking Teachers (NNESTs) to teach English as a Foreign-Language (EFL) especially in Asian countries when they are often regarded as inferior to their Native English-Speaking Teachers (NESTs) counterparts. A native speaker fallacy has emphasized that NESTs are better teachers of EFL and have put NNESTs at a disadvantage. Actually, NNESTs possess advantages that can make them better teachers for teaching English in an EFL/ESL setting connected with their own EFL learning experiences and with sharing the same first language and cultural background with their students. While considered to have lower English language proficiency and lower self-confidence compared to NESTs, NNESTs who have made the effort to become quality teachers can position themselves as ideal English teachers in their own environment.

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