scholarly journals Lexical Borrowing in Tourism Terminology

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-314
Author(s):  
Yakubova Noira Et al.
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Russian Language

The article studied borrowing in replenishing the terminology fund of the tourism sector showed that it was most widely used in the Uzbek language, and most of the terms are borrowed from the English language, which can be attributed to the typological line of the Russian language. The predominance of English terms in Uzbek and Russian terminology is explained primarily by extralinguistic factors: the development of the tourism sector takes place with an orientation towards foreign experience, and tourism as a branch of the economy is highly developed in English-speaking countries, therefore the terms serving it are anglicisms that are most universal and meet the needs of this moment of development of the tourism industry.

Interlinguistic function of neologisms

Neophilology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 730-736
Author(s):  
Lin Ye
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Function System ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Tion System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Russian Language

The work attempts to consider a separate interlinguistic function in the language function system, which is focused on language contacts, resulting in interference of language systems. The lexical borrowing material in Russian language examines the types of language changes that are manifested in language interaction. It is found that the impact of one language system on another is largely manifested in one-directional language changes. The interlinguistic function of neologisms manifests itself in the form of convergence, reflecting the convergence of two or more linguistic facts. A number of borrowings from the English language with a combination of sounds [ДЖ], Japanese sounds (Ж and С) are considered to adapt foreign-language words to the articula-tion system of the Russian language. It is substantiated that modern language changes are due to the brought-up cultural determinism of borrowing, which makes it possible to consider language an element in the culture system, and the important factor is the understanding that language is not only a system of systems, but also a system of signs. The results of scientific and technological advances are contributed to the openness of the language function system and new functions.

scholarly journals Dostoevsky in English Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Golovyashkina
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
George Gissing ◽  
George Meredith ◽  
The Usa ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Literary Classics ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Language Literature

There is the task of studying the degree of influence of the famous works of F.M. Dostoevsky on English-language literature and culture in general. Statements are given and the opinion of the great English-speaking literary classics about the works of Dostoevsky and the Russian-language novel is described. The author considers the main critical articles, essays and theses related to the Dostoevsky and his works, written by famous English-speaking novelists and literary critics of that era and the next one. Among them: Matthew Arnold, George Gissing, George Meredith, Oscar Wilde and others. The article describes the interpretation of their opinions about the great Russian writer’s works and on the degree of his influence on the literary trends of his contemporaries. The author gives a comparison between the images of the characters of the Dostoevsky novels and other English-speaking authors, which is sometimes amazing. In addition, the article presents a list of special courses that are currently being studied at universities and colleges in the USA and Great Britain dedicated to Dostoevsky.

THE MAIN DIRECTIONS IN STUDYING OF THE MODERN RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE PR-DISCOURSE

Yazykoznaniye ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
A.Yu. KHAKHALEVA
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
Linguistic Pragmatics ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lexical Composition ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Linguistic Means ◽  
Modern Russian

The article discusses the main approaches to studying the modern Russian-language PR-discourse that represents a relatively new and actively developing sphere of communication. First of all, the researchers of the Russian-language PR-discourse analyze its lexical composition. In particular, they consider the ways of adapting the English-language PR-terms that play an important role in reflecting new objects of extralinguistic reality. Moreover, the linguistic means of this type of discourse are studied from the perspective of linguistic pragmatics. The works in this area emphasize the importance of such way of speech impact as suggestion and the corresponding pragmatic methods that is determined by the manipulative character of the Russian-language PR-discourse. In the light of this peculiarity, the linguists are also interested in the process of mythologization that consists in distorting the connections between the objects of reality and is aimed at creating the positive image of the subject of PR-communication.

scholarly journals Slovak thinking on audiovisual translation and the issue of the second-hand translation of Russian documentary films

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Documentary Films ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Historical Explanation ◽  
Cultural Space ◽  
Audiovisual Translation ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Limited Diffusion

The paper, in its first part, outlines the Slovak research into audiovisual translation (AVT) from the 1950s up to the present, paying attention to the most important scholars as well as publications that helped to shape and establish the discipline within Slovak translation studies. It is based on the ongoing bibliographical research and the historical explanation mapping the development of AVT research in Slovakia by I. Tyšš – e.g. his publication Myslenie o audiovizuálnom preklade na Slovensku: 1952 – 2017 (Thinking on Audiovisual Translation in Slovakia: 1952 – 2017, 2018) – as well as on own findings covering the last two years. In more detail, the first part of the paper highlights that it was primarily thanks to a younger generation of translation studies scholars – especially E. Perez (née Janecová), L. Paulínyová (née Kozáková) and J. Želonka – that in 2012 the Slovak research into AVT finally became systematic. The second part of the paper is devoted to the phenomenon of the so-called second-hand translation of originally Russian audiovisual works that may be observed in Slovakia in recent years. The questionable nature of this phenomenon is stressed since the Russian language is not a language of limited diffusion and definitely not remote in relation to the Slovak cultural space. On the example of two documentary films – Под властью мусора (Held Captive by Rubbish, 2013) and Дух в движении (Spirit in Motion, 2015), the author discusses and analyses the problems that occur when translating originally Russian AV works into Slovak through the English language, i.e. the negative shifts resulting from mis-/overinterpretation of the source text, translation by omission, wrong order of dialogues, cultural specifics and incorrect transcription.

scholarly journals Training Foreign Students of Medical University for Medical Practice in Hospitals

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
О.Н. Маслова ◽  
О.В. Алексеева
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Students ◽  
English Language ◽  
Foreign Student ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Language Program ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The Russian Language

Скорость и качество овладения русским языком иностранными студентами, обучающимися в медицинских вузах России, во многом зависят от того, имеется ли у этих студентов возможность пройти предварительную языковую подготовку на подготовительном факультете. В условиях ее отсутствия студенты получают образование на языке-посреднике, а русский язык становится факультативной дисциплиной, в результате чего погружение в русскую культуру, понимание правил невербальной коммуникации в русскоязычной среде, равно как и просто уверенное владение русским языком становятся уделом избранных лиц. Вместе с тем каждый иностранный студент должен проходить практику в русских медицинских учреждениях. В связи с этим перед преподавателем русского языка как иностранного встает несколько задач, к числу которых относится не только общеязыковая подготовка иностранных обучающихся к прохождению медицинской практики, но и речевая, культурологическая и психологическая. Успешной реализации поставленных задач может способствовать создание и использование на занятиях специального словаря-разговорника, который позволит студентам заблаговременно познакомиться с правилами поведения в больнице, освоить необходимый для практики лексический минимум, ввести в активный речевой оборот ряд фраз, актуальных в повседневном общении медперсонала с больными. В статье раскрывается и объясняется структура словаря, обозначены его задачи и целевая аудитория. The speed and the quality of mastering the Russian language by foreign students studying at medical universities in Russia largely depend on whether these students have the opportunity to take a preliminary year-long Russian language course at the preparatory division. If the students receive education in the English language, the Russian language program is reduced to an optional course, not sufficient to ensure understanding of Russian culture and rules of non-verbal communication in a Russian-speaking environment. However, every foreign student must undergo practical training in Russian medical institutions. In this case the Russian language teacher faces an almost insurmountable task of equipping students with the skills of communicating with Russian patients and colleagues and with sufficient cultural and psychological awareness for adequate verbal and non-verbal behavior in a hospital environment. The successful implementation of these tasks can be facilitated by developing and using a special vocabulary-phrase book at the lessons of the Russian language. This manual will allow students to get acquainted with the rules of behavior in the hospital in advance, master the lexical minimum necessary for practice and introduce a number of phrases that are relevant in everyday communication of medical staff with patients. The article reveals and explains the structure of the manual, identifies its objectives and target audience.

Dynamics of Communication in the Sphere of Speech Etiquette

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
N. Basko
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Modern Russian

The article discusses the changes in communication that have occurred in the Russian speech etiquette, on the example of etiquette forms of greeting. Speech etiquette is the most important element of a communicative act. Compliance with the rules of speech etiquette largely ensures success in solving communicative problems. Based on the analysis of lexicographical sources and materials of modern Russian mass media, a shift in the use of greeting forms is noted. It is expressed in the transfer of old forms of greeting to a passive stock and the emergence and active use of new forms of greeting The author concludes that the dynamics of changes in speech forms of greeting reflects the general trends in the development of the Russian language at the present stage, such as a) the active neologization; b) the influence of the English language; c) the impact of computer technology on the language.

scholarly journals THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF THE PROMINENT ESTONIAN LINGUIST MATI HINT

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Szilárd Tibor Tóth
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Estonian Language ◽  
The University ◽  
The Russian Language

The scientific views of the famous Estonian linguist, public figure and politician, legendary professor of the University of Tallinn, Mati Hint (1937-2019), cover a wide range of Estonian philology, from phonetics to linguistic politics and the research of linguistic landscape. The number of his scientific works is well over 300. Mati Hint was characterized by a constant opposition to the mainstream. He popularized the South Estonian Tartu literary language, which had become extinct at the beginning of the 20th century, by publishing several scientific articles on this subject. Hint provided an innovative description of the phonological system, morphophonology and the grade alternation of the Estonian language. According to his concept, in the Estonian language, three longitudes of phonemes cannot be distinguished. Three longitudes can have a syllable. Thus, Estonian is not an unique language that differs from all other languages of the world, but on the contrary, it fits perfectly into all languages of the world. In many works he explains the problems of contacts between the Estonian and the Russian languages. Hint indicates the consequences of bilingualism, which may result in semilingualism, and in extreme cases in a language shift. A large language can be pidginized and creolized. According to the current period, professor Hint attributed to the English language similar roles in relation to Estonian, which he attributed to the Russian language during Perestroika.

scholarly journals Translation Discourse 4.0: Variety of Formats, Genres and Trends

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Elina Novikova ◽  
◽  
Anna Naumova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Translation Tools ◽  
The One ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
The Russian Language

The article considers the specific character of modern translation discourse, trends and opportunities of realization in the era of changes and global challenges. The relevance of the article is determined by the need to establish common and distinctive forms of expression and formats of translation discourse. The representative sources of three communicatively active discursive practices constitute the empirical base of the paper: scientific / translation studies translation discourse; professional / industry translation discourse; didactic translation discourse. The textual material of the discourse under consideration is analyzed in order to identify thematic dominants of three subtypes under consideration. The similarities and differences of the topics discussed by the translation community within the framework of the selected discursive practices are determined. Sources of translation discourse in Russian and German linguistic cultures were also involved in the analysis to identify common and distinctive features. The analysis revealed the tendency of the Russian-language translation discourse to be a more profound scientific search and substantiation of translation problems, and, on the contrary, the tendency of the German- and English-language discourses to discuss applied issues. The analyzed subtypes of translation discourse reveal certain unifying features: current challenges reaction rapidity, new phenomena and trends in society. However, these subtypes have translation tools of their own, traditions and formats that shape thematic dominants of each direction of the discourse. Thus, the paper revealed the dynamic nature of the discourse, on the one hand, and its sustainable development, on the other.

scholarly journals VALIDATION AND CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF RATING SYSTEMS WOMAC, KSS AND FJS-12 IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE DISORDERS AND INJURIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Irzhanski ◽  
T. A. Kulyaba ◽  
N. N. Kornilov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Reverse Translation ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
English Speaking

The purposeof the work — is validation and cultural adaptation of the english-language rating systems for knee function assessment for use in scientific, medical and educational institutions of the Russian Federation.Materials and Methods.The english versions of rating systems WOMac® 3.1 Index, The knee Society clinical Rating System©, FjS-12® were translated to Russian language by orthopedic surgeon with advanced level of english and the professional translator specializing in the translation of medical texts. Reverse translation was provided by third independent translator born in the english-speaking country (native speaker). a printed version of the various translations of the questionnaires was filled by patients with an interval of two days. The study group included 150 patients with Stage III knee osteoarthritis (90 women and 60 men aged 48 to 75 years, an average of 62.5 years) hospitalized in Vreden Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics from February to april 2017 for total knee arthroplasty.Results.good and very good retest reliability of WOMac (α = 0.87 and α = 0.9), kSS (α = 0.89 and α = 0.86) and FjS-12 (α = 0.94 and α = 0.96) was revealed. The study revealed a strong correlation between the results of the questionnaires performed by different translators: WOMac (Icc = 0.89), kSS (Icc = 0.86), FjS-12 (Icc = 0.92). The correlation dependence between subsections of WOMac (stiffness – Icc = 0.98, pain – Icc = 0.87, daily functions – Icc = 0.89) and kSS (knee score – Icc = 0.94, function score – Icc = 0.88), which indicates a good constructive validity.Conclusion. The results of the study of criterial and constructive validity, as well as the retest reliability of the Russian versions of the WOMac, kSS and FjS-12 scales, indicate that they are a reliable and sensitive tool for assessing the function of knee joint, which can be widely used by Russian researchers in practical and scientific activities.

scholarly journals LEXICAL AND DERIVATIONAL MEANINGS OF “MALWARE” FRAME IN RUSSIAN AND ENGISH-LANGUAGE MEDIA TEXTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
D.I. Imamgayazova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Computer Virus ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

The article examines the structure of the “malware” frame based on the texts of the Russian and English-language media. In order to identify the relationship between the deep and external levels of the frame, an analysis of lexical and derivational meanings and propositional schemes is carried out, through which stereotyped knowledge about the nature and action of malicious programs is actualized. The research results demonstrate that in English-language media the malware frame is comparable in structure to the “disease” frame: slots “symptoms”, “methods of infection”, “affected organs/systems”, etc. are filled with specific lexical units, neologisms are actively used to refer to conventional knowledge. At the same time, in the Russian-language media, the main lexical and derivational meanings are grouped around the “computer virus” subframe, borrowing and calquing are widely used, which leads to a confusion of concepts in the concept sphere of “malware”.

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