scholarly journals Some experiences with reafforestation of alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica L.) grassland in Indonesia

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratiwi ◽  
N. Lust
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Action Programme ◽  
Fast Growing Species

In  Indonesia the alang-alang grassland covers about 16-20 million hectares. It  is considered unproductive land, therefore reafforestation of this grassland  is very necessary. Some efforts including the policy of the Forestry  Department, on national level and even in the field have been done.     Some techniques to suppress the alang-alang growth have been tried out  including techniques of soil preparation, species selection and maintenance  of plantations.     The reafforestation programme of alang-alang grassland has promising  results for the increase of the forest area and will ultimately provide wood  production, as well as an income for the rural people and soil protection  benefits. The production of log and soft wood as raw material will increase.      The knowledge of silvicultural techniques for reafforestation activities in  alang-alang grassland is enough to start an action programme, but  nevertheless further research has to be done to find out still more  appropriate techniques and to achieve better results.     The reafforestation method on the alang-alang grassland will mainly depend  on the site situation and the objectives, especially the kind of wood that  must be produced. Reafforestation directly with fast growing species will be  carried out when soft wood will be produced. When more valuable wood should  be produced, the system will be :     1. Planting fast growing species.     2. After the alang-alang is suppressed the slow growing and more demanding  species is planted, while gradually the fast growing species is harvested.      A choice between exotic or indigenous species for forest plantation must be  done, considering very carefully the advantages and disadvantages of these  species. When the value, volume and production time of an exotic and an  indigenous species are comparable, the indigenous one is the preferred  choice. Use of exotic species is in principle only justified when a  sustainable forestry is assured. The reafforestation of alang-alang grassland  will create positive socio-economic impacts as well as environmental  impacts.

scholarly journals Variations in Production and Oligomers Content Obtained Under Hydrothermal Treatment Among Five Fast-Growing Species

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
M.J. Díaz ◽  
R. Yañez ◽  
A. García Barneto ◽  
J.E. Martín Alfonso ◽  
M.J. Feria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Mediterranean Conditions ◽  
Fast Growing Species ◽  
Chamaecytisus Proliferus

In order to identify fast growing species utilizable for olygomer and monomer production, five fast growing species (Paulownia fortunei, Chamaecytisus proliferus, Arundo donax, Leucaena.diversifolia and Sesbania grandiflora) were tested. Concurrently, the biomass productivity of these species was also tested on a field scale. The biomass productivity of the selected species studied ranges from 0.36 to 21.30 t ha-1 (o.d.b.) under Mediterranean conditions for the year 1 sprouts. In addition, the hydrothermal treatment results show that the selected species could be employed as alternative raw material for the production of oligomers, leading to a high concentration of oligomers (9.4-23.4 g/L-1 at 190ºC).

scholarly journals Kesesuaian Lahan untuk Tanaman Kayu Putih sebagai Strategi Modifikasi Konservasi dan Kepentingan Nilai Tambah Ekonomi di Desa Cikembang, Kecamatan Kertasari, Kabupaten Bandung

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 068-077
Author(s):  
Andis Andis Priswantoro ◽  
Nana Nana Sulaksana ◽  
Cipta Cipta Endyana ◽  
Anggoro Anggoro Tri Mursito
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Eucalyptus Oil ◽  
Fast Growing Species

ABSTRACT Cikembang Village, Kertasari District, Bandung Regency, is located in the Upper Citarum Sub-watershed. Cikembang, one of the water catchment villages, is a conservation area with eucalyptus plants. Eucalyptus plants in the category of Fast-Growing Species (FGS) can accelerate the process of succession of critical lands, restoration of peat ecosystems, are very adaptive to cultivate with agroforestry systems, support food security. However, the implementation of eucalyptus plants in Cikembang Village needs to be analyzed its impact on the conservation function and the importance of economic value-added. This study aims to form a conservation modification strategy and the importance of added value to the economy of eucalyptus cultivation by taking into account land suitability and its limiting factors. The soil fertility level approach is promising for eucalyptus growth in three land locations, namely: wet soil/Tb, slope/Tk, soil near springs/Tm, with attributes of elevation, slope, rainfall, temperature, acidity, and soil organic matter. With the storie method’s assessment, the soil is in the N1 category (currently unsuitable), and the root square is produced while the soil is in the S3 category (slightly marginal). The strategy for obtaining land use to accommodate cropping patterns for conservation and agricultural interests is by applying the silvicultural system techniques (integrating plant species, environmental modification, making terraces, setting spacing, and managing fertilization maintenance, including pest control). The study also tried to accommodate the approach to producing eucalyptus leaves as raw material for eucalyptus oil processing becomes an economic added value by refining eucalyptus oil. Keywords: eucalyptus, strategy, modification, conservation, added value   ABSTRAK Kawasan Desa Cikembang, Kecamatan Kertasari, Kabupaten Bandung, terletak di Sub DAS Citarum Hulu. Cikembang salah satu desa tangkapan air menjadi daerah konservasi dengan tanaman kayu putih. Tanaman kayu putih kategori fast growing species (FGS) dapat mempercepat proses suksesi lahan kritis, restorasi ekosistem gambut, sangat adaptif dibudidayakan dengan sistem agroforestri, mendukung ketahanan pangan. Namun demikian, implementasi tanaman kayu putih di Desa Cikembang perlu dianalisis dampaknya terhadap fungsi konservasi dan kepentingan nilai tambah ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membentuk strategi modifikasi konservasi dan kepentingan nilai tambah ekonomi budidaya tanaman kayu putih dengan memperhatikan kesesuaian lahan dan faktor pembatasnya. Pendekatan tingkat kesuburan tanah cukup menjanjikan untuk pertumbuhan kayu putih di tiga lokasi lahan yaitu: tanah basah/Tb, tanah kemiringan/Tk, tanah dekat mata air/Tm, dengan atribut elevasi, lereng, curah hujan, suhu, dan keasaman serta organik tanah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode storie, diketahui bahwa tanah Desa Cikembang termasuk ke dalam kategori N1 (saat ini tidak sesuai), dan dengan menggunakan metode root square, dihasilkan bahwa tanah termasuk kategori S3 (sedikit marginal). Strategi yang digunakan untuk memperoleh tata guna lahan yang mengakomodasi pola tanam untuk konservasi dan kepentingan pertanian adalah pendekatan aplikasi teknik sistem silvikultur (pemaduan elemen spesies tanaman, modifikasi lingkungan, pembuatan teras, pengaturan jarak tanam, pengaturan pemupukan, pemeliharaan, termasuk pengendalian hama) serta pendekatan produksi daun tanaman kayu putih sebagai bahan baku olahan minyak kayu putih menjadi nilai tambah ekonomi dengan penyulingan minyak kayu putih. Kata kunci: kayu putih, strategi, modifikasi, konservasi, nilai tambah

Manufacturing High Performance Wood Composite Panel from Paulownia

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 1091-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Rafighi ◽  
Taghi Tabarsa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Particle ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Composite Panel ◽  
Composite Panels ◽  
Wood Composite ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Press Time ◽  
Fast Growing Species

Regarding conservation policies of natural forests and environmental concerns forced wood composite panel manufacturers to consider using other lingo-cellulosic resources. Plantation fast growing species such as poplar, eucalyptus , paulownia and others is already started in many countries. Fast growing trees usually produce light wood with low strength so manufacturer has low certainty on using them for manufacturing wood composite panel. This study oriented toward examination of application of paulownia wood particle for manufacturing wood composite panel. In this study, specific press pressure at two levels (30 bar and 40 bar) , and press time at two levels (8 and 12 minutes) were used as independent variables. 12 experimental panels were made in laboratory. Mechanical properties such as MOR, MOE and IB were evaluated. Results showed that panels made at press pressure of 40 bar and press time of 12 minutes presented the highest MOR (41.28 MPa) and MOE (4128 MPa) but the highest IB (1.14 MPa) was observed in composite panels made at press pressure of 30 bar and press time of 8 minutes. Based on EN Standard MOR of Particleboard ranged from 12 to 15 MPa and MOE ranged from 2500 to 3000 MPa and IB ranged from 0.4 to 0.6 MPa . Comparing Above mentioned values with EN values it can be seen that Mechanical properties of wood composite panels made from paulownia are much higher than EN standard. These results are very good ground to focus on fast growing species such as paulownia to compensate wood raw material shortcoming in wood industry.

scholarly journals The influence of fast-growing species composition on natural regeneration of coal mine reclamation

2021 ◽  
Vol 918 (1) ◽  
pp. 012048
Author(s):  
T Yunanto ◽  
F Amanah ◽  
I Z Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Mine Reclamation ◽  
Species Selection ◽  
Paraserianthes Falcataria ◽  
Senna Siamea ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Enterolobium Cyclocarpum ◽  
Samanea Saman ◽  
Fast Growing Species

Abstract Natural regeneration on mine reclamation can be an indicator of reclamation success. Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Samanea saman, Senna siamea, and Paraserianthes falcataria are mostly planted fast-growing species at the beginning of reclamation. Those species bind and enrich nitrogen to improve the natural regeneration of ex-mined land. This research aims to determine fast-growing species and the growth rate of natural regeneration development in the ex-mined site. The research was conducted in mine reclamation areas with different ages: 1 (125.14 ha), 4 (323.76 ha), 6 (199.44 ha), 9 (285.18 ha), and 11-year-old plantation (75.39 ha). The statistical analysis of Multivariate Analysis showed that biological species were mostly grouped with P. falcataria than E. cyclocarpum and S. siamea in the 11-year-old plantation area as well as in the 9-year-old plantation area. Most natural species were grouped with C. cyclocarpum rather than S. saman and S. siamea in a 6-year-old plantation area. In contrast, the biological species had no groups with E. cyclocarpum and S. siamea as fast-growing species in the 1-year-old plantation area. Generally, the most dominant planted fast-growing species were E. cyclocarpum (with the mean total number ± standard deviation, (35 ± 17.1)) and P. falcataria (28 ± 8.3). The number of natural regeneration species and individuals in areas dominated by P. falcataria (5 ± 1.7 and 25 ± 10.5) was greater than in areas with predominance of E. cyclocarpum (4 ± 2.6 and 11 ± 4.8). Thus, species selection is necessary to increase natural regeneration. However, further research is required to measure the tolerability of fast-growing species on other natural regeneration species.

Material Properties and Design Aspects of Folding Bicycle Frame

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Maleque ◽  
M.S. Hossain ◽  
S. Dyuti
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Materials Properties ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Bicycle Frame ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Comprehensive Study

successful design of folding bicycle should take into account the function, material properties, and fabrication process. There are some other factors that should be considered in anticipating the behavior of materials for folding bicycle. In order to understand the relationship between material properties and design of a folding bicycle and also for the future direction in new materials with new design, a comprehensive study on the design under different conditions are essential. Therefore, a systematic study on the relationship between material properties and design for folding bicycle has been performed. The advantages and disadvantages matrix between conventional bicycle and folding bicycle is presented for better understanding of the materials properties and design. It was found that the materials properties of the folding bicycle frame such as fatigue and tensile strength are the important properties for the better performance of the frame. The relationship between materials properties and design is not straight forward because the behavior of the material in the finished product could be different from that of the raw material. The swing hinge technique could be a better technique in the design for the folding bicycle frame.

Fighting chronic lung diseases on a national level: The Dutch national action programme

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaco Biewenga ◽  
Huib AM Kerstjens ◽  
Michael R Rutgers ◽  
Emiel Rolink ◽  
Ingrid van der Gun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
National Level ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Action Programme

scholarly journals EVALUASI SISTEM AGROFORESTRI SENGON DENGAN PADI GOGO TERHADAP SERANGAN CENDAWAN Rhizoctonia sp. Evaluation of Agroforestry System between Sengon with Upland Rice to Invection of Rhizoctonia sp.

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
Nofika Senjaya ◽  
Nurheni Wijayanto ◽  
Desta Wirnas ◽  
Achmad .
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Rice Productivity ◽  
Fast Growing Species

Sengon is a fast growing species that popular to be cultivated in Indonesia. It can be planted in agroforestry system with agricultural crop such as upland rice (padi gogo). Agroforestry system between sengon and upland rice is vulnerable to fungi attack. Micro fungi that may attack upland rice and young sengon is Rhizoctonia sp. This research aimed to analyze the interaction of plants in agroforestry between sengon and upland rice as well as Rhizoctonia sp. attack. The experiment was performed in community forest in Cikarawang village which dominated by 2 years old sengon. Agroforestry system in cikarawang village affected significantly to harvest productivity of upland rice but not affected to growth of sengon. Statistical test performed also showed that Rhizoctonia sp. attack to upland rice did not affect the harvesting result, but only affected to plant morphology.Keywords: dimension, fungi, rice, productivity

scholarly journals Aplikasi Pupuk Urea pada Pertumbuhan Bibit Jabon Merah (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb.) Havil) di Persemaian (Studi Kasus di IUPHHK PT.Telagabakti Persada Halmahera Selatan)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Laswi Irmayanti ◽  
Nurmaya Talib ◽  
Salam Salam
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Fast Growing Species

Red Jabon (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb.) Havil.) is one of the fast growing species that became priority to be developed in South Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province. Currently the red jabon has become “Local Superior Crops” in North Maluku. One of IUPHHK in South Halmahera which develops red jabon is PT. Telagabakti Persada. The purpose of this study was to determine the best growth of red jabon seedling on urea fertilizer application. The study was conducted at PT. Telagabakti Persada, South Halmahera. The treatments of urea fertilizer were 0 g,  0.25 g, 0.50 g, 0.75 g, and 1 g. The results showed that the urea 0.25 g  fertilizer treatment resulted in the best growth of red jabon seedlings.Key words: Red Jabon, Nursery, Growth of seedling, Urea

scholarly journals Current state of Donetsk dendroflora

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Alexandr Zakharovych Glukhov ◽  
Lyudmila Valerievna Kharkhota ◽  
Georgy Alexandrovych Pasternak ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna Likhatskaya
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Current State ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Fast Growing Species

We present the study results of modern dendroflora of Donetsk (a large industrial city of the south steppe zone). We have determined the species composition, analyzed the age structure of plantations, estimated the life condition of trees and shrubs. Plantations compose 76 species and 32 forms, types, sorts of trees, including 11 species and 9 sorts of the coniferous, as well as 79 species and 35 forms, sorts of shrubs, including 7 species and 19 sorts of the coniferous. Trees and shrubs belong to 78 genera, which are included into 38 families. The most represented family among the deciduous is Rosaceae Juss. - 46 species and 13 sorts, among the coniferous - Pinaceae Lindl. (9 species and 6 sorts), Cupressaceae Rich. ex Bartl. (7 species and 22 sorts). Tree species dominating in plantations are Populus bolleana Lauche (14,6% of the total number of trees), dominating shrubs are the sorts of Rosa hybrida (44,0% of the total number of shrubs). In the plantations studied we have indicated 33 species of trees and shrubs of the aboriginal fraction of local flora. Analysis of the age structure of plantations revealed that the majority of trees compose the age group of 20-29 years, the majority of shrubs - up to 10 years. Fast-growing species prevail in plantations (73% of the total number). Viability of the most part of trees of fast-growing and slow-growing species is estimated by 4 points, viability of moderate-growing species - by 6 points. The number of trees being in unsatisfactory condition (0 or 1-3 points) prevails among fast-growing species.

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