Long Term Plan Forestry and Action Plan Forestry in Flanders

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust ◽  
L. Nachtergale ◽  
I. Serbruyns
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
International Panel ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Forest Act ◽  
Legal Character

In  Flanders, the first serious regulations to set up a "National Forest  Program" (NFP) were taken    by the Forest Act in 1990. Consequently, a comprehensive scientific study  and analysis of the    forest and forest policy were carried out. A first Action Plan Forestry was  drawn up in 1994, but it    never got a legal character.    The Flemish Environmental Policy Plan of 1977 insisted to set up an Action  Plan Forestry. In    1998 the Flemish Forest Service launched two documents: the "Long Term  Plan Forestry" and    the "Action Plan Forestry". Together they were considered as the  Flemish National Forest    Program, in accordance with the recommendations of the International Panel  on Forestry.    However, although approved by several advice committees, these documents  have never been    legally approved.    The Long Term Plan Forestry is based on four touchstones: sustainability,  multiple use,    international developments and commitments, and social support. In this  frame four key notions    are distinguished: forest maintenance quantitatively, forest maintenance  qualitatively, forest    extension, and integrated task fulfillment. To concretize this plan an  Action Plan Forestry with 29    actions and 19 regulating initiatives was launched.    The objectives of both action plans were only partly implemented. The too  ambitious program    was probably the most important reason.    The great challenge in Flanders is to legally approve an NFP. It is clear  that such a program can    only be approved when its ambitions are not too high, so that the interest  of other sectors are not    directly threatened. The value of such a minimal NFP is, however, very  limited. Therefore it is    probably better to draw up regularly an ambitious, actualized and well  founded forestry    document, which is not legally approved, but with a high moral value.

scholarly journals Monitoring and evaluating participation in national forest programmes. The Catalan case

2006 ◽  
Vol 157 (10) ◽  
pp. 438-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glòria Domínguez ◽  
Jordi Tena
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Wide Range

In recent years, sustainable forest management has become the paradigm for forest policy. In this context, national forest programmes (NFP) are defined, in the broad sense, as planning instruments to achieve sustainable forest management at both national and subnational levels. The challenges for forest policy is to increase the number of agreed strategies and improve communication relations with the wide range of stakeholders involved, as well as those posed by the multiple use of forests, which are perceived not only as a source of raw material but also of goods and services for society in general. Although the definition and the contents of NFPs in Europe is in a permanent process of improvement, redefinition and discussion, it seems clear (since it appears implicit in several of their principles) that their formulation and implementation must entail a greater involvement of society in the decision making process, and more emphasis will have to be placed on the aspects of participation. The umbrella of participation covers a wide range of different processes and in this context the need emerges to monitor and evaluate this participation. This paper describes the monitoring and evaluation and shows the main results of the participation conducted in the framework on the national forest programme of Catalonia during the years 2003 – 2005.

A general discusion on national forest programmes

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust ◽  
L. Nachtergale ◽  
I. Serbruyns
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Reference Framework ◽  
Forest Policies

This  paper mainly reviews the NFP process, as discussed by the IPF panel and  European    workshops in this field. It focuses on three issues i) basic terms,  objectives and principles or    elements of the concept NFP, ii) evaluation of national forest programmes,  with justification,    strengths and weaknesses, iii) implementation of NFPs, including  requirements for success.    Finally gaps in NFPs and priorities for future action are discussed.    During the last years national forest programmes have received considerable  attention as the    reference framework for sustainable management. The following elements are  considered as the most important: 1) participatory mechanisms 2) holistic and inter-sectoral approaches 3) national sovereignty 4) long term and iterative process 5) capacity building 6) effective co-ordination and    conflict resolution schemes.    A specific conclusion, which already can be drawn, proves that procedural  instruments are too    weak to achieve the NFP's objectives. Generally the following three  limiting factors are    recognised: funding, institutional capacity and co-ordination among all  interested parties at the    national and international level. However, the fact that issues of forest  policy are back on the    political agenda is seen as very advantageous.    The overall conclusion is that the NFP process is far from rooted in  national forest policies. The    major problem is the vagueness of the term. Further clarification of the  meanings and    dimensions of the elements and principles is required.

Experience with setting up community intravenous therapy clinics

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 300-302
Author(s):  
Sarah Cowell ◽  
Charlotte Botes
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Community Nursing ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right

The NHS Long Term Plan aims for patients to receive more options, better support and integrated care at the right time and in the optimal care setting. Community nursing teams at the Wirral Community Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust have experienced several challenges in delivering intravenous antibiotics (IV) to patients within their own homes, especially for non-housebound patients, due to the complexity of and demand on the service. Traditionally, intravenous antimicrobials are administered in the acute hospital or in-patient settings. However, there is now a growing trend to deliver intravenous antibiotic therapy within the community. Community nurses have a wealth of knowledge and skills that can support the delivery of the NHS Long Term Plan by developing new models of care in integrated care systems while supporting the implementation and delivery of the governments five-year action plan on antimicrobial resistance. This article describes how the community nursing service at Wirral Community Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust set up community IV clinics.

scholarly journals Developing international inter hospital cooperation to reach the SDGs

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Rossinot ◽  
G Brucker ◽  
F Veber
Keyword(s):  
Success Factors ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Skills Transfer ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Background The current epidemiological transition creates news issues to address (NCD as oncology, cardiovascular, diabetes, road accidents...) and causes an important increase of skills transfer needs in resource-poor/intermediate countries. Hospital cooperation is an efficient way to help the partner country/city adapt and increase their quality of care. Objectives The aims were multiple: set up transfer skills programs, but also understand both obstacles and success factors of such projects over the long term. AP-HP’s (Greater Paris University Hospitals) Department of International Relations, has developed 3 year-long projects (financed in majority by public funders) which link one or more hospitals of our group to a southern hospital, on a precise topic. Our multidisciplinary teams then support the local professionals either by training them or assessing their current situation and proposing an action plan. Results Over those last 4 years, we built more than 50 cooperations, most of them being successful and still active today. 20 of our hospitals have been involved in at least one project. In 2018, we were working with more than 30 different countries. We noticed a growing interest both from our teams and new partners, over the years. In 2018, around 150 healthcare professionals from AP-HP took part in at least one mission abroad and more than 3 000 foreign professionals have been trained in various ways (from conferences to technical surgical skill transfer), including about 50 trained on site in Paris. These trainings are intended not only to physicians but also for midwives, nurses and managers. Conclusions Those projects have a good efficiency in a short term. Therefore, the risk of unsustainability is quite important. For the programs to be effective in the long run, there needs to be a collective involvement both from institutions and healthcare teams in the project on both sides. Key messages European hospitals should develop a strong international cooperation policy. AP-HP intends to intensify its work, being an efficient way of contributing to reach both SDG 3 and 9.

scholarly journals Forest policy goals in Poland in light of the current forestry aims in Europe Part 4. Trends in forest policy of selected European countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-354
Author(s):  
Adam Kaliszewski
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Federal State ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Illegal Harvesting ◽  
European Forest

Abstract The aim of this paper was to review and analyse the main forest policy documents in terms of the priorities formulated at the European level for Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Germany (federal level) and Brandenburg (federal state level), as well as Finland. A total of 14 documents was covered in this research, including national forest programmes and forest strategies implemented in the period from 1997 to 2017. In all of the studied countries, forest policy documents were periodically revised and updated to account for changing political, economic, social and environmental conditions. As a result, at some point during the examined 20-year period, in each country the forestry priorities and goals were defined by a national forest programme. Furthermore, the vast majority of the priorities set by the European forest policy was reflected in the programmes and strategies of all the countries. Certain priorities concerning the illegal harvesting and trade of forest products, however, have not been included in the explored documents. Combating illegal harvesting of forest products and related trade is a corner stone of the EU FLEGT Action Plan and extends beyond forest policy issues of EU member states. The second corner stone is to ensure the contribution of the forest sector to a green economy, including a new concept of green economy, which still needs to be incorporated into national forest policies. Unlike Poland, in the studied countries the priorities of European forest policy have been included in single policy programmes or strategies, which define aims and goals, as well as means of their implementation in a comprehensive and coherent manner. This promotes strengthening the position of the forest sector within the national socio-economic system and supports active shaping of its relations to other sectors of the economy.

Weiterentwicklung der «Waldpolitik 2020» aus Sicht der Schweizer Waldstakeholder

2016 ◽  
Vol 167 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Zabel ◽  
Eva Lieberherr
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
The Past ◽  
Conflicting Interests ◽  
Forest Act

Advancement of the Swiss Forest Policy 2020 from stakeholders' perspectives In light of the ending of the Swiss “ Forest Policy 2020”, this article assesses the goals, challenges and concerns of Swiss forest stakeholders in relation to forest policy post 2020. The data were collected through expert interviews and an online survey. The results show that securing an economically sustainable forest management and economically viable silvicultural businesses are key concerns for many stakeholders. Apart from these issues, several further and sometimes conflicting interests were mentioned. The study concludes that a debate on an adjustment of the weights given to goals in the Swiss Forest Policy 2020 may be commendable. However, there does not appear to be need for a complete change of course in order to address the stakeholders' needs and concerns. In terms of policy process, most stakeholders positively evaluated the past planning and development process of the Swiss Forest Policy 2020, but also provided suggestions for improvements. Finally, a network analysis revealed that the Swiss Federal Agency for the Environment, the Swiss Forest Owners Association and the Conference of Cantonal Foresters played a central role in the amendment of the Swiss Federal Forest Act. The analysis also showed that more stakeholders find each other as important than actually work together in a legislative process.

16 Jahre waldpolitisch relevante Prozesse im Buwal / Bafu | 16 years of processes at the SAEFL / FOEN relevant to forest policy

2007 ◽  
Vol 158 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Schärer
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Forest Service ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Service Organisation ◽  
Federal Structure ◽  
National Forest Policy

At the level of the federal government, since 1990 there have been at least 16 important processes relevant to forest policy. These processes mainly ran in parallel, but were in part contradictory,sometimes they were complementary and synergies were also achieved. The processes are divided into three main categories (processes triggered by nature, by the surroundings and self-initiated processes). They are briefly described and evaluated from a personal, forest policy point of view. Seven points for thought are used to show what needs to be taken into account in future national forest policy. Finally the Swiss forest service organisation is compared with another federal structure of an NGO, namely the organisational structure of Pro Senectute, the author's new area of work.

Waldpolitischer Jahresrückblick 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (5) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willi Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Forest Policy ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
The Government ◽  
European Forest ◽  
Forest Legislation ◽  
Forest Act

Annual review of Swiss forest policy 2011 The revision of the Forest Act, the adoption of the Forest Programme 2020 by the Federal Council as well as the preparation of the second contribution period of the New System of Financial Equalisation and Division of Tasks between the Confederation and the Cantons (NFE) shaped, in addition to the routine business, the forest policy of 2011. The parliamentary initiatives on forest and forest policy issues remained of about the same amount as in previous years, while the Federal Court decisions on forest legislation have declined significantly. In various forest-related sectoral policies, the government and parliament made important decisions. In climate policy, the Parliament adopted the CO2 Law. However, this has not yet happened to the revision of the Spatial Planning Act. In nature and landscape policy, the administration has prepared the Swiss biodiversity strategy so far that the Federal Council could send it out for consultation. The revision of the Hunting Regulation, with changes in the management of large carnivores, is nearing adoption. At the international level, the Federal Council has submitted the European Landscape Convention to the Parliament for ratification, and the European forestry ministers have agreed to the preparation of a European Forest Convention.

The Rotterdam Initiative in Reducing Waste Discharges at Source

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
T. Vellinga ◽  
J. P. J. Nijssen
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Detailed Balance ◽  
River Rhine ◽  
The North ◽  
Complementary Role ◽  
Action Programme ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Set Up

Much of the material dredged from the port of Rotterdam is contaminated to such a degree that it must be placed in specially constructed sites. The aim of Rotterdam is to ensure that the dredged material will once again be clean. This will entail the thorough cleansing of the sources of the contamination of the sediment in the harbours and in the River Rhine. The Rotterdam Rhine Research Project (RRP) is one of the means to achieve this based on: technical research, legal research, public relations and dialogues with dischargers. The programme for five selected heavy metals is almost complete. For many heavy metal discharge points between Rotterdam and Rheinfelden, a specially devised independent load assessment has been carried out four times. Balance studies were used to determine the relative contributions of the point discharges to the total. Currently the results are being used in an attempt to negotiate agreements with a selected number of the major dischargers. At present, more detailed balance studies are being set up and exploratory measurements carried out for organic micropollutants. It may be concluded that the research is progressing successfully and methods and techniques developed seem satisfactory and broadly applicable. The Rhine Action Programme encompasses an international effort to improve the quality of the Rhine water. Although the RRP plays a modest complementary role to the Rhine Action Plan, there is no doubt of the value of this Rotterdam initiative. The mode of work followed in the RRP contains elements that can be of use in combatting the contamination of the North Sea by rivers other than the Rhine.

Moral Disability, Moral Injury, and the Flight from Vulnerability

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia L. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Moral Injury ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Moral Reflection ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Moral Conviction ◽  
Moral Importance

This chapter explores the concept of moral disability, identifying two types. The first type involves disabling conditions that distort one’s process of moral reflection. Examples include the incapacity to consider the long-term future, to feel empathy for others, and to be honest with oneself. A noteworthy example of self-deception is systematically denying one’s own—and humanity’s—vulnerability to the power of others, to accidents, and to having one’s well-being linked to that of others and the eco-system. Acknowledging vulnerability often requires a new sense of self. The second type includes incapacities directly resulting from ‘moral injury’—debilitating, self-inflicted harms when one violates a deeply held moral conviction, even if trying to remain true to another moral value. Examining moral disabilities highlights the moral importance of self-identity. More progress may be made on controversial issues if we discuss who we are, how we connect, and how we can heal.

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