scholarly journals Maderas de zonas áridas de México, poder calorífico por ATG-ATD y mediante bomba calorimétrica

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Barrera-Calva ◽  
Federico González ◽  
Carlos David Hernández-Pérez ◽  
Gloria Martínez ◽  
Lázaro Huerta-Arcos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Agave Salmiana

En este trabajo se determina el poder calorífico de maderas de huizache (Acacia farnesiana), maguey (Agave salmiana), nopal (Opuntia streptacantha), garambullo (Myrtillocactus geometrizans) y cardón (Pachycereus sp) que provienen de zonas áridas de México y que suelen utilizarse para el calentamiento de agua y cocción de alimentos en el medio rural. La determinación de los poderes caloríficos se realizó por medio de las técnicas de análisis térmico gravimétrico y la técnica de análisis térmico diferencial, ATG-ATD, que es similar a la calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC), y mediante una bomba calorimétrica de combustión. En general, los resultados mostraron que el poder calorífico estimado por análisis (ATG-ATD) resulta en todos los casos ligeramente menor que lo estimado con bomba calorimétrica, pero en general son muy próximos entre sí. La máxima variación entre dichos valores en ± 5% se asocia en un intervalo dentro de la incertidumbre de las mediciones realizadas. Para la madera de nopal se encontró que el poder calorífico estimado por ATG-ATD alcanza 11 275 kJ/kg, resultando muy parecido al valor determinado con bomba calorimétrica, 11 605 kJ/kg. En los otros casos estudiados se encuentra una mayor discrepancia entre los valores medidos. El análisis elemental de las maderas y de sus cenizas permite la determinación del parámetro energético ambiental denominado intensidad de carbono de las maderas. Este se estima por medio de espectroscopía de fotoelec-trones emitidos por rayos X (XPS), lo que indica que no hay evidencia de metales tóxicos como los provenientes del carbón; esto demuestra que estas maderas son un producto sutentable y renovable cuando están disponibles para la combustión y obtención de energía calorífica.

Studies on the Distribution and Characteristics of an Allochthonous Population of Acacia farnesiana~!2009-07-20~!2009-09-06~!2010-01-02~!

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Agustin Naranjo Cigala ◽  
Marcos Salas ◽  
Leila Agudo ◽  
Elizabeth Fernandez ◽  
Jose R. Arevalo
Keyword(s):  
Acacia Farnesiana

Effects of saline elicitors on saponin production in Agave salmiana plants grown in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 476-482
Author(s):  
César A. Puente-Garza ◽  
Claudia A. Espinosa-Leal ◽  
Silverio García-Lara
Keyword(s):  
Agave Salmiana

scholarly journals Wood Volume Production and Use of 10 Woody Species in Semiarid Zones of Northeastern Mexico

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Foroughbakhch ◽  
Artemio Carrillo Parra ◽  
Jorge Luis Hernández Piñero ◽  
Marco Antonio Alvarado Vázquez ◽  
Alejandra Rocha Estrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Northeastern Mexico

A research strategy was established to analyze the structure of timber trees in terms of forest productivity (volume and wood density) of 10 species. The native speciesAcacia farnesiana, Acacia schaffneri,Bumelia celastrina,Cercidium macrun,Condalia hookeri,Ebenopsis ebano,Helietta parvifolia, andProsopis laevigataand the exotic speciesEucalyptus camaldulensisandLeucaena leucocephalawere chosen due to their ecological and economic importance to the rural villages of northeastern Mexico. Measurements of different growth parameters and volume of trees were evaluated. The introduced speciesE. camaldulensisandL. leucocephalashowed the best performance in wood volume production per tree and per hectare when compared to the native species. Likewise, among the native species,E. ebano,P. laevigata,C. hookeri, andA. farnesianatended to show better characteristics in terms of wood volume production in comparison toH. parvifolia,A. schaffneri,C. macrum, andB. celastrina. Results showed a high diversity on the properties studied. The high biomass produced by most of the species considered in this study revealed their great energetic potential when used as wood and firewood or vegetal charcoal.

Lead bioaccumulation in Acacia farnesiana and its effect on lipid peroxidation and glutathione production

2010 ◽  
Vol 339 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 377-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Maldonado-Magaña ◽  
Ernesto Favela-Torres ◽  
Fernando Rivera-Cabrera ◽  
Tania L. Volke-Sepulveda
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana

scholarly journals Fog interception by Ball moss (<i>Tillandsia recurvata</i>)

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2509-2518 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Guevara-Escobar ◽  
M. Cervantes-Jiménez ◽  
H. Suzán-Azpiri ◽  
E. González-Sosa ◽  
L. Hernández-Sandoval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Water Storage Capacity ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Water Recharge ◽  
Rain Interception

Abstract. Interception losses are a major influence in the water yield of vegetated areas. For most storms, rain interception results in less water reaching the ground. However, fog interception can increase the overall water storage capacity of the vegetation and once the storage is exceeded, fog drip is a common hydrological input. Fog interception is disregarded in water budgets of semiarid regions, but for some plant communities, it could be a mechanism offsetting evaporation losses. Tillandsia recurvata is a cosmopolitan epiphyte adapted to arid habitats where fog may be an important water source. Therefore, the interception storage capacity by T. recurvata was measured in controlled conditions and applying simulated rain or fog. Juvenile, vegetative specimens were used to determine the potential upperbound storage capacities. The storage capacity was proportional to dry weight mass. Interception storage capacity (Cmin) was 0.19 and 0.56 mm for rainfall and fog respectively. The coefficients obtained in the laboratory were used together with biomass measurements for T. recurvata in a xeric scrub to calculate the depth of water intercepted by rain. T. recurvata contributed 20 % to the rain interception capacity of their shrub hosts: Acacia farnesiana and Prosopis laevigata and; also potentially intercepted 4.8 % of the annual rainfall. Nocturnal stomatic opening in T. recurvata is not only relevant for CO2 but for water vapor, as suggested by the higher weight change of specimens wetted with fog for 1 h at dark in comparison to those wetted during daylight (543 ± 77 vs. 325 ± 56 mg, p = 0.048). The storage capacity of T. recurvata leaf surfaces could increase the amount of water available for evaporation, but as this species colonise montane forests, the effect could be negative on water recharge, because potential storage capacity is very high, in the laboratory experiments it took up to 12 h at a rate of 0.26 l h−1 to reach saturation conditions when fog was applied.

scholarly journals Temperature and pre-germinative treatments for overcoming Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. (Fabaceae) seeds dormancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (37) ◽  
pp. 3548-3553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Fernandes Rodrigues Paulo ◽  
Ursulino Alves Edna ◽  
Pereira dos Anjos Neto Antonio ◽  
Luis Silva de Medeiros Robson ◽  
da Costa Ferreira Junior Domingos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acacia Farnesiana

scholarly journals Evaluación del perfil de nutrientes de bagazo de agave como alternativa de alimento para rumiantes

2018 ◽  
pp. 2099
Author(s):  
Lucia Delgadillo Ruíz ◽  
Rómulo Bañuelos Valenzuela ◽  
Edgar León Esparza Ibarra ◽  
Héctor Gutiérrez Bañuelos ◽  
Francisco Javier Cabral Arellano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agave Salmiana

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el perfil in vitro de nutrientes de bagazo de Agave salmiana (AS) y Agave weberi cela (AWC) como alternativa para la nutrición de los rumiantes. ElbagazoserecogióenJalpa,Zacatecasduranteelaño2010.A partir de las muestras recogidas, se evaluó: materia seca (MS), cenizas, fibra cruda (FC), extracto etéreo (EE), proteína cruda (PC), carbono orgánico total (TOC), detergente neutro de f ibra (DNF), y azúcares reductores totales (ART). Macro y micro- minerales se determinaron por espectroscopia de absorción atómica.Además, se utilizó una técnica de producción de gas in vitro para evaluar la cinética de fermentación, y después de 48 hdeincubacióndelasmuestrasseutilizaronparacuantificarla producción de AGV. La proteína cruda (%) (2.25 vs 2.73), EE (%) (0.274 vs 0.272), CF (%) (22.15 vs 16,58) y cenizas (%) (2.14 vs 1.81) no fueron diferentes estadísticamente (p> 0.05) entre AS y tratamiento AWC. Los valores de DNF (% MS) fueron estadísticamente diferentes (p< 0.05) entre elAS (45.45) y los tratamientosAWC (52.95). No se observaron diferencias enAGVentrebagazodeagaveydefrijol.Losvaloresdecalcio (%) promedio de 3.46 y 1.95 paraAS yAWC, respectivamente. Se concluye que, el bagazo de agave representa una alternativa viable para la alimentación de rumiantes, especialmente en la estación seca.

scholarly journals Purification of a PHA-Like Chitin-binding Protein from Acacia farnesiana Seeds: A Time-dependent Oligomerization Protein

2008 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Santi-Gadelha ◽  
B. A. M. Rocha ◽  
C. C. Oliveira ◽  
K. S. Aragão ◽  
E. S. Marinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Protein ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Chitin Binding Protein

PSI-9 Digestibility and metabolizable energy content of supplemented diets based on native shrubs and buffelgrass for small ruminants in northeastern Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 275-276
Author(s):  
Víctor Manuel Perrusquía Tejeida ◽  
Nydia Corina Vásquez Aguilar ◽  
Humberto González Rodríguez ◽  
Hugo Bernal Barragán ◽  
Fernando Sánchez Dávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Northeastern Mexico ◽  
Native Shrubs

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing 10% of sorghum grain (SG), soybean meal (SBM) or dried citrus pulp (DCP) upon dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), and metabolizable energy content (ME) of diets based on dried leaves of two shrub species (Acacia farnesiana and Acacia rigidula) and one grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) browsed by small ruminants. Twelve experimental diets were elaborated using three forage sources: C. ciliaris, A. farnesiana and A. rigidula and evaluated either alone (0% supplementation) or supplemented with 10% of SG (9.0% CP, 22.3% NDF), SBM (42.8% CP, 16.3% NDF) or DCP (4.9% CP, 19.1% NDF). In vitro DMD (Daisy incubator, ANKOM) at 48 h, and in vitro gas production (GP, in calibrated 100 mL glass syringes) at 24 h, were determined by incubating samples in an inoculum prepared by using rumen liquor of two rumen fistulated sheep and artificial saliva in a 1:4 ratio. OMD and ME content were calculated from the gas production, crude protein, ash, and ether extract content. Data were evaluated according to a 3 x 4 factorial experiment. There were no significant (P &gt; 0.05) forage source x supplement interaction effects. Leaves of A. farnesiana had higher (P &lt; 0.05) DMD (64%), GP (26 mL), ME (1910 kcal ME/kg DM), and OMD (53%) than other forages (mean 47% DMD, 17 mL GP, 1232 kcal ME/kg DM, and 39% DMO). Supplements increased (P &lt; 0.05) DMD (average +8%), but only DCP increased (P &lt; 0.05) the GP (+23%) of evaluated forages. Leaves of A. farnesiana had higher DMD (P &lt; 0.05; 64%). There were no effects (P &gt;0.05) of the 10% added supplements in ME content or DMO. In conclusion, leaves of A. farnesiana and DCP are valuable sources of nutrients and energy for small ruminants in northeastern Mexico.

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