9. Bilingual Aphasia and Code-Switching: Representation and Control

2012 ◽  
pp. 141-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Riccardi
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Bilingual Aphasia ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Reverse Transfer Of L2 To L1: The Case Of Code-Switching

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Shima Ghobadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Talebinejad
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Reverse Transfer ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
And Control ◽  
Academic Year

Issues related to the learners’ use of the foreign language and the mother tongue (code-switching) in the foreign language classroom and their role in language teaching and learning processes have been a common area of research. This study aimed at investigating Reverse Transfer of L2 to L1.To this end, 50 Iranian intermediate EFL learners (25 males, 25 females) at Islamic Azad University, Shahreza Branch studies in the second semester of the academic year 2016-2017 were selected through the convenience sampling method. They were then assigned randomly to the experimental and control groups.

scholarly journals Educación Física en centros bilingües: efecto de la utilización del idioma sobre la percepción de la comunicación docente y la motivación del alumnado (Physical Education in Bilingual Schools: Effect of the language use on students' perceptions of teachi

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 352-360
Author(s):  
Víctor Sánchez-Vegas ◽  
Javier Coterón ◽  
Alba González-Peño ◽  
Evelia Franco
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bilingual Programs ◽  
Educational Implications ◽  
Perceptions Of Teaching ◽  
And Control ◽  
Los Grupos ◽  
Experimental Group

  En los últimos años es frecuente la impartición de la educación física (EF) en lengua inglesa, lo que puede influir sobre las percepciones que los alumnos[1] tienen sobre dicha asignatura. En el presente estudio se analizó el efecto de una metodología bilingüe, el code-switching, sobre la percepción de la comunicación docente y la motivación. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 94 estudiantes de entre 12 y 14 años (M= 13.76; DT=.86). El grupo experimental (n=46) estuvo formado por dos grupos pertenecientes a formas diferentes de implantación del bilingüismo (programa y sección) y el grupo control (n= 47) por dos grupos equivalentes a los anteriores. Previo a la intervención, se realizaron entrevistas a profesorado de EF; los cuestionarios pre y post fueron administrados al alumnado al inicio y al fin de la misma. Tras la intervención se hallaron diferencias en la motivación intrínseca de uno de los grupos experimentales. Los resultados sugieren que la percepción de la comunicación docente por parte de los alumnos no difiere en función de que la clase se imparta íntegramente en inglés o utilizando el code-switching. Se discuten las implicaciones educativas de estos hallazgos.  Abstract. Over the last few years, the teaching of PE in English language has become frequent which could influence the perceptions that students have about this subject. In the present study the effect of a bilingual methodology, code-switching, on perceptions of teaching communication and motivation was analyzed. The sample was composed by 94 students aging from 12 to 14 (M=13,76; SD= .86). Experimental group (n=46) was formed by two classes with different bilingual programs (programa and sección) and control group (n=47), by other two equivalent groups. After the intervention significant differences in intrinsic motivation were found in one of the experimental groups. The findings suggest that the perceptions of teaching communication do not differ between students taught completely in English and students taught through code-switching. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.

Code-Switching En Bilinguale Afasie

1986 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Kees de Bot
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Word Finding ◽  
Switching Behaviour ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Bilingual Aphasia ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Structural Aspects ◽  
Post Onset

In the literature on bilingual aphasia a number of patients have been described that show (spontaneous) language switching. Unfortunately, there is a lack of relevant information about the actual switching behaviour in the descript ion of these cases. In general, the occurrence of the phenomenon is stressed rather than the linguistic characteristics of the switches in spontaneous speech. In the present article, a more detailed description is given of a patient who appeared to switch between his native language (Dutch) and several foreign languages (French, German, English) in the first post-onset month. Transcriptions of spontaneous speech were analysed in order to get more insight into the switching process. Many switches seem to result from word finding problems. In some cases the word finding problems were 'solved' by using foreign words or sentences; in other cases the patient simply gave up and started a new sentence. Data on code-switching in bilingual aphasia are compared with data on non-aphasic code-switching. The two types of code-switching appear to differ considerably with regard to structural aspects of switching behaviour.

scholarly journals The Role of the Cognitive Control System in Recovery from Bilingual Aphasia: A Multiple Single-Case fMRI Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narges Radman ◽  
Michael Mouthon ◽  
Marie Di Pietro ◽  
Chrisovalandou Gaytanidis ◽  
Beatrice Leemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Dynamic View ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Language Control ◽  
Bilingual Aphasia ◽  
And Control

Aphasia in bilingual patients is a therapeutic challenge since both languages can be impacted by the same lesion. Language control has been suggested to play an important role in the recovery of first (L1) and second (L2) language in bilingual aphasia following stroke. To test this hypothesis, we collected behavioral measures of language production (general aphasia evaluation and picture naming) in each language and language control (linguistic and nonlinguistic switching tasks), as well as fMRI during a naming task at one and four months following stroke in five bilingual patients suffering from poststroke aphasia. We further applied dynamic causal modelling (DCM) analyses to the connections between language and control brain areas. Three patients showed parallel recovery in language production, one patient improved in L1, and one improved in L2 only. Language-control functions improved in two patients. Consistent with the dynamic view of language recovery, DCM analyses showed a higher connectedness between language and control areas in the language with the better recovery. Moreover, similar degrees of connectedness between language and control areas were found in the patients who recovered in both languages. Our data suggest that engagement of the interconnected language-control network is crucial in the recovery of languages.

scholarly journals Comparing the Effects of L2-based with Code-switching-based Instruction on EFL Speaking Classes

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 946
Author(s):  
Dwi Ide Rahayu ◽  
Margana Margana
Keyword(s):  
Junior High School ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study is aimed at investigating the effects of L2-based and code-switching-based instruction in teaching Indonesian EFL primary level speaking classes by comparing and examining any potential correspondences between the uses of two different instructions with students’ improved speaking achievement. The participant of the study consisted of 70 seventh grade students at a Junior High School in Central Java Province, Indonesia. The samples were divided into two groups: experimental and control group. The former was taught using L2-based-instruction (L2BI) and the later was taught using the most common instruction used i.e. code-switching-based-instruction (CBI). A speaking performance test was developed by the researcher and administered before and after the experiment as pre-test and post-test. The data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The finding of the study revealed significant differences (0α 05) between the groups in support of the experimental group.

scholarly journals Third party interaction in the medical context: Code-switching and control

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 154-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline H. Vickers ◽  
Ryan Goble ◽  
Sharon K. Deckert
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Medical Context ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Losing A Language: A Qualitative Study of Code-Switching Among Taiwanese-Chinese Bilingual Aphasic Speakers with Selective Recovery Pattern

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1452-1470
Author(s):  
Jui Hua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Selective Recovery ◽  
Recovery Pattern ◽  
Speech Data ◽  
Concrete Nouns ◽  
Bilingual Aphasia

This study aimed to investigate whether Taiwanese-Mandarin bilingual aphasia with selective recovery patterns lose knowledge of the inaccessible language or the control of the language they speak. Four patients were requested to narrate pictures in two separated language settings. The speech data collected in the clinical setting were compared with ten healthy bilingual adults’ speech data. The healthy bilingual adults did not code-switch in L2 but L1, which may be due to the language shift phenomenon in their lives. There were quantitative and qualitative differences of code-switching between the two groups. For the quantitative differences, the greater amount of code-switching observed in patients indicated that they did not lose knowledge of the inaccessible language, but rather the control of the language they spoke, and this may result from the impairment of the control mechanisms. Also, for the qualitative differences, the healthy adults code-switched more on nouns than verbs because those were frequently-used nouns in L2, and there were no equivalent translations in L1 ; on the contrary, the patients code-switched more on verbs than nouns and this may be due to the mapping word and referent is less transparent for verbs than it is for concrete nouns

Control of Metal Alloy Oxidation with Electric Fields

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
R. R. Dils ◽  
P. S. Follansbee
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Oxide Surface ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Insulating Layer ◽  
Iron Base Alloy ◽  
Alloy Oxidation ◽  
Aluminum Oxide Layer ◽  
And Control

Electric fields have been applied across oxides growing on a high temperature alloy and control of the oxidation of the material has been demonstrated. At present, three-fold increases in the oxidation rate have been measured in accelerating fields and the oxidation process has been completely stopped in a retarding field.The experiments have been conducted with an iron-base alloy, Pe 25Cr 5A1 0.1Y, although, in principle, any alloy capable of forming an adherent aluminum oxide layer during oxidation can be used. A specimen is polished and oxidized to produce a thin, uniform insulating layer on one surface. Three platinum electrodes are sputtered on the oxide surface and the specimen is reoxidized.

Evidence for a Blood Ganglion Barrier in the Superior Cervical Ganglion of the Rat

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
D. M. DePace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Time Schedule ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Capillary Circulation ◽  
And Control

The majority of blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion possess a continuous endothelium with tight junctions. These same features have been associated with the blood brain barrier of the central nervous system and peripheral nerves. These vessels may perform a barrier function between the capillary circulation and the superior cervical ganglion. The permeability of the blood vessels in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat was tested by intravenous injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Three experimental groups of four animals each were given intravenous HRP (Sigma Type II) in a dosage of.08 to.15 mg/gm body weight in.5 ml of.85% saline. The animals were sacrificed at five, ten or 15 minutes following administration of the tracer. Superior cervical ganglia were quickly removed and fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in Sorenson's.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. Three control animals received,5ml of saline without HRP. These were sacrificed on the same time schedule. Tissues from experimental and control animals were reacted for peroxidase activity and then processed for routine transmission electron microscopy.

Effects of renovascular hypertension on rat adrenal zona glomerulosa

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
G. Mazzocchi ◽  
P. Rebuffat ◽  
C. Robba ◽  
P. Vassanelli ◽  
G. G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Renovascular Hypertension ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
And Control

It is well known that the rat adrenal zona glomerulosa steroidogenic activity is controlled by the renin-angiotensin system. The ultrastructural changes in the rat zona glomerulosa cells induced by renovascular hypertension were described previously, but as far as we are aware no correlated biochemical and morphometric investigations were performed.Twenty adult male albino rats were divided into 2 experimental groups. One group was subjected to restriction of blood flow to the left kidney by the application of a silver clip about the left renal artery. The other group was sham-operated and served as a control. Renovascular hypertension developed in about 10 days: sistolic blood pressure averaged 165 ± 6. 4 mmHg, whereas it was about 110 ± 3. 8 mmHg in the control animals. The hypertensive and control rats were sacrificed 20 days after the operation. The blood was collected and plasma renin activity was determined by radioimmunological methods. The aldosterone concentration was radioimmunologically assayed both in the plasma and in the homogenate of the left capsular adrenal gland.

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