scholarly journals Reverse Transfer Of L2 To L1: The Case Of Code-Switching

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Shima Ghobadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Talebinejad
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Reverse Transfer ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
And Control ◽  
Academic Year

Issues related to the learners’ use of the foreign language and the mother tongue (code-switching) in the foreign language classroom and their role in language teaching and learning processes have been a common area of research. This study aimed at investigating Reverse Transfer of L2 to L1.To this end, 50 Iranian intermediate EFL learners (25 males, 25 females) at Islamic Azad University, Shahreza Branch studies in the second semester of the academic year 2016-2017 were selected through the convenience sampling method. They were then assigned randomly to the experimental and control groups.

scholarly journals The forbidden fruit: using the mother tongue in a Bogota university EFL programme

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Fortune
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Student Activity ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Foreign Language Classroom ◽  
L1 Use

The current debate on the use of the mother tongue in the foreign language classroom has led to a wide array of literature being written onthe subject. While this can be enlightening, it can also cause confusion and anxiety among teachers when faced with the question of whetheror not it is acceptable to use the L1 in class. This paper analyses current perceptions and practices in terms of L1 use among teachers andstudents in the EFL and ESL settings, based on the hypothesis that the use of the L1 to some degree could be beneficial to EFL learners.Teacher and student activity and opinions are analysed through surveys and interviews before being compared and contrasted with classroomreality through live observation. The findings confirm that L1 use could indeed be beneficial to EFL learners, particularly at the lower levels oflanguage proficiency, but that teachers may need to revisit their reasons for using the L1, as well as their repertoire of pro-L2-use strategies.

scholarly journals Code-switching as Identity Marker: A Sociolinguistic Study of Kurdish EFL University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Soma Nawzad Abubakr ◽  
Zana M. Hassan ◽  
Bekhal L. Muhedeen
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
University Students ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
University Level

Being able to know English along with a mother tongue would inevitably lead into code-switching. Whether intentional or unintentional, it is revealing to investigate codeswitching among English EFL learners. This study, however, focuses specifically on the issue of learner’s identity with codeswitching. Language as identity expresser, or even identity maker, is thought to be strongly connected with identity. This study targets Kurdish EFL students at university level to mainly investigate the reason(s) for code-switching between their mother tongue and English as a foreign language. To this end, quantitative data, through a questionnaire, has been collected. The model adopted for designing the questions is based on a well-known theory by Bloom and Gumperz (1972) known as ‘situational codeswitching’. This study hypothesizes that Kurdish EFL learners code switch from English to Kurdish due to the lack of knowledge in English, or they do code switch from Kurdish to English to mark a different identity, which is the major focus of this study. To validate or refute these claims, the data collected for this paper has been qualitatively verified to reach some conclusions.

scholarly journals Teachers’ Beliefs and Perceptions of Code Switching in English as Foreign Language Classroom

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 00034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sondang Pondan Perlindungan Leoanak ◽  
Bonik Kurniati Amalo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
High School Teachers ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
English As Foreign Language ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Efl Teachers

In Indonesia, the use of only English as a medium of instruction in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom is highly demanded. The present study investigates how code-switching is perceived by High School teachers in Kupang city, East Nusa Tenggara province, Indonesia, in teaching English. Specifically, it aims to find out the teachers’ beliefs and perceptions towards the use of Indonesian language (L1) as their pedagogical instrument in teaching English in EFL classrooms. To achieve that goal, 40 EFL teachers were asked to give their responses to a 24-item of questionnaire which focused on teachers’ roles and beliefs of code-switching applied in the EFL classroom. After analyzing the data, it was found that the teachers applied code-switching to serve pedagogical aims and to facilitate the EFL teaching and learning process. As a result, they used code-switching when explaining difficult words, encourage students’ participation and managing and organizing the classroom. Another finding was that, the teachers also believed that, the advantages in applying code-switching exaggerated the disadvantages in ELF classroom.

scholarly journals THE PLACE OF CODE-SWITCHING AS A MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION IN LANGUAGE CLASSROOM IN GHANA: A CASE STUDY

FRANCISOLA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Theophile Kwame ATONON
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
French Language ◽  
Switching Phenomenon ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
First Time

RÉSUMÉ. Dans le cas des langues en contact, l’emploi d’alternance codique par des enseignants et des apprenants devient un objet de discussion dans des institutions scolaires. L’objectif de ce travail est d’examiner le phénomène d’alternance codique en classe de français langue étrangère pour évaluer son influence sur l’enseignement/apprentissage du français langue étrangère dans le contexte ghanéen. Les données sont recueillis à travers l’observation des cours de français et les résultats sont analysés et représentés graphiquement.  Les résultats ont montrés que l’alternance de code en classe de français langue étrangère promeut la communication et facilite l’interaction  entre les enseignants et les apprenants. L’attention est prêtée au cas où le français est introduit pour la première fois en classe afin de faire ressortir des problèmes que font face les apprenants. L’alternance codique est donc important pour l’enseignement/ apprentissage du français langue étrangère et doit être inclus dans des programmes d’études de français au Ghana. Mots-clés : alternance de code, interaction, langue étrangère, phénomène sociolinguistique,  situation bilingue. ABSTRACT. In regard to languages coming into contact, the use of code-switching on the part of language facilitators and the learners has become an issue of discussion especially in the school setting. This paper sets out to examine critically the code switching phenomenon to ascertain its effects and necessity on the teaching and learning of French as a foreign language in Ghana. Data was collected through classroom observation while lectures were going on and the result was analyzed and represented in table form. The findings show that language switching in a classroom helps and supports the learning environment and makes it conducive for those involved. A careful consideration of code switching is done mostly at the level where the French language is introduced for the first time. The outcome of this paper suggests that code switching is important to the teaching and learning of French language and it must be adopted in our curriculum of studies. Keywords: bilingual situation, code switching, foreign language, interaction, sociolinguistic phenomenon

scholarly journals This is Tom = /zyzys'tom/. Pronunciation in Beginners' EFL Textbooks Then and Now

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Sobkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Foreign Language Teaching ◽  
L1 Transfer ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Difficulty Index ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
And Control ◽  
Descriptive Level

The textbook appears to be one of the most fundamental elements of all formal-setting foreign language teaching and learning. Textbooks function in a foreign language classroom in many capacities (Cunningsworth 1995), one of which is the provision of text, used as a model for language practice, including practice of pronunciation. The changing methodological trends in EFL pedagogy over the decades affect EFL textbook pronunciation treatment in a variety of ways. In this paper a simple feasibility study is presented whereby a few beginners’ textbooks are compared with respect to their handling of pronunciation in the first unit of the course. Four textbooks come from about ½ century ago, and three are sampled from among those currently available. On the descriptive level, some analysis is offered of the phonetic (and especially phonolapsological) characteristics of the sampled texts, as they changed through time. On the level of application, it is claimed that, while the lexico-grammatical and pedagogical limitations on the content of the first lessons/units in EFL textbooks leave authors little space for phonetic control, a modicum of such control is feasible if attention is paid to such variables as pronunciation difficulty and L1 transfer. The Phonetic Difficulty Index (PDI), which is briefly introduced in the paper, can be used to measure and control some of these variables and give the textbook authors and users a useful teaching/learning instrument.

scholarly journals Code-switching in Intercultural Communication and English Language Teaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 286-294
Author(s):  
Samar Alharbi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
The Other ◽  
Teaching Context ◽  
Language Classroom

Code-switching is the interplay between two languages. Code-switching happens when the speakers switch between two or more languages or linguistic varieties in the context of a particular discussion or conversation. Many people engage in code-switching or mixing practises by speaking a different language and their mother tongue when talking with other individuals who comprehend various languages. There are multiple reasons why people tend to code-switch during interaction with others. One important reason is that people consciously and unconsciously code-switch because they want to fit in. Code-switching is also implied in the language teaching context, where L2 learners cod switching between their mother tongue and the other language to get involved in the learning process. The practice of code-switching in Foreign language classroom has been examined thoroughly in the literature. This paper will introduce the concept of code-switching, its types and the reasons for code-switching. It will offer some implication of code-switching in English as a second or foreign language (EFL) classroom.

Getting EFL Learners to Speak: Obstacles and Solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Eulis Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Education ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Education Department ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
English Competence ◽  
Academic Year

This research investigates how process of speaking instruction takes place at IAIN SMH Banten. There are three main issues in the research problems: the process of teaching speaking, obstacles found in the teaching and learning process, and what efforts do they make to solve the obstacles in speaking. The process of teaching speaking discusses materials, preparation, procedures or steps in teaching speaking while obstacles and solutions discuss the speaking barriers that the students faced in speaking class and how they minimize the barriers. By applying descriptive qualitative research design to students of fourth semester in academic year 2014/2015, the result shows that the focus of speaking instruction at the fourth semester of English education department of IAIN SMH Banten seemed to let the students speak, without any language skills discussion as the feedback. At the same time, during the process of speaking instruction there are some problems faced by students. The first is  problem of limited English Competence dealt with students poor of vocabulary and the second is problems of psychological factors.

scholarly journals Inverse translation and the language student: A case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-193
Author(s):  
Lucía Pintado Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Inverse Translation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article explores the agency of the student in translation in language teaching and learning (or TILT). The purpose of the case study discussed here is to gain an overview of students’ perceptions of translation into the foreign language (FL) (also known as “inverse translation”) following a module on language and translation, and to analyse whether there is any correlation between students’ attitude to translation, its impact on their language learning through effort invested, and the improvement of language skills. The results of the case study reveal translation to be a potentially exciting skill that can be central to FL learning and the analysis gives indications of how and why language teachers may optimise the implementation of translation in the classroom. The outcome of the study suggests that further research is needed on the impact of translation in the language classroom focussing on both teachers’ expectations and students’ achievements.

scholarly journals Effect of Collaborative Writing Combined with Blog Online Learning on Indonesian EFL Learners’ Writing Skill across Motivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
Rizki Anugrah Putri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Collaborative Writing ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Quantitative Data Analysis ◽  
Writing Skill ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract:   This study aims to investigate collaborative writing combined with blog online learning on the writing skill of Indonesian English foreign language (EFL) learners’ across their motivation. This research included a quasi experimental with the comparative time series. A quasi experimental study was employed by involving 61 learners of Senior High School. This research applied in into two groups: experimental and control. The treatment was conducted at 7 sessions, including the pre-test and post-test. The scores of pre-test and post-test in writing were used as a base of quantitative data analysis whereas the learners’ responses to motivation questionnaire were used to categorize their motivation. The result revealed that the collaborative writing combined with blog online learning on the writing was effective to enhance the learners’ writing skill. In addition, to apply the combination of collaborative writing and online blog learning, teacher should not worry about different levels of motivation among students where the students were motivated to use language.  

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