scholarly journals Evaluation of yellow maize inbred lines for maturity and grain yield related traits using line × tester analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Farman Ullah ◽  
Fawad Ali ◽  
Abdus Salam ◽  
Muhammad Siddique Afridi ◽  
Hidayat Ur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Source Populations ◽  
Crop Research

Thirty yellow maize inbred lines were selected from different source populations and planted in isolation with common male testers (YD-2 and YD-4) in 1:4:1 ratio at Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Nowshera during spring-2014 (season–I). On the bases of best seed setting and other important traits, eighteen test-crosses were selected using line × tester approach. The developed 18 test-crosses, nine parental lines and two testers along with two check cultivars (Sarhad Yellow and CS2Y10) were grown in summer season-2014 (July – November) using two replications.Data were collected on various maturities and yield related traits via; days to pollen shedding, silking, ear height, plant height, 100-kernel weight, kernel row ear-1 and grain yield. Significant differences were observed among test-crosses for yield related traits mainly 100-kernel weight and grain yield. L-9 using YD-4 as a tester revealed minimum days to pollen shedding (50.5 days) and days to silking (52.5 days). L-3 using YD-2 as a tester recorded maximum plant height while, L-9 using YD-4 as a tester obtained maximum ear height and length. L-9 using YD-4 as a tester revealed high 100-kernel weight, grain yield and high GCA effect, while L-8 using YD-4 as a tester recorded high SCA effect for 100-kernel weight. L-9 exhibited high GCA effect for grain yield while, high SCA effect was obtained for L-2 using tester (YD-2). L-9 using tester YD-4 revealed maximum mid-parent and best-parent heterosis for ear length and grain yield. For maximum traits, L-9 was the best combiner followed by L-3 and L-6 using the same tester (YD-4) under conducted study.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis for yield, precocity and height in yellow maize genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-429
Author(s):  
Victor Mario García Mora ◽  
Julián Chura Chuquija ◽  
Julio Torres
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additive Genes

The objective of the present study was to determine the general combinatorial aptitude (GCA), specific combinatorial aptitude (SCA) and heterosis in inbred lines of yellow maize and its crosses for, the yield of grain, height of plant and ear and days to male and female flowering. Six inbred lines from CIMMYT, their direct crosses and four controls were evaluated at UNALM during 2016-2018, under a 5 x 5 lattice design with four repetitions. The effects of GCA and SCA were calculated using method II, model I of Griffing. Heterosis was measured based on the mean and best parent. Heterosis was measured based on the mean and best parent. The combined analysis of years showed significance (p ≤ 0.01) in: genotypes by years for days to male and female flowering; GCA for years for days to male flowering and SCA for years for days to female flowering. The effects of ACG for grain yield were significant in lines CML 229 and CML 428, for plant height, precocity, ear and precocity CML 487 line highlighted. The effect of ACE was superior in the cross CML 453 x CML 486 for the grain yield character. Heterosis was higher for the grain yield in the CML 229 x CML 453 and CML 453 x CML 487 crosses. The GCA / SCA relationship evidenced effects of additive genes on plant height, days to male and female flowering, therefore, for grain yield and ear height, non-additive effects governed.

Genetic analysis of low-n traits in maize (Zea mays L) using triple test cross

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
M.S. Afolabi ◽  
G.O. Agbowuro ◽  
A.E Salami ◽  
M.O. Akoroda
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Triple Test Cross ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Triple Test ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Low-N maize variety is developed for its ability to tolerate low nitrogen soil environment. This experiment was conducted to study the genetic implication of Low-N maize variety for grain yield and related traits under low nitrogen soil conditions triple test cross analysis. Inbred lines used for the study were generated from twelve low nitrogen tolerance open pollinated maize varieties after six generations of selfing. Two inbred lines along with their F1 were used as testers for ten inbred lines in a triple test cross pattern to generate 30 crosses. The 30 crosses, their parents and the testers to State University, Ado-Ekiti during 2017 planting season. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Data were collected on plant height, ear height, days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, incidence of curvularia leaf spot, blight, plant aspect, ear aspect, ear rot, stay green, cob per plant, ear weight, grain moisture content and grain yield. All data were subjected to analysis of variance and complete genetic estimates. Additive and dominants were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits; however, epitasis estimates were not significant for all the traits tested. The degree of dominance component indicated partial dominance for all the traits. Correlation coefficients for days to 50% anthesis and 50% silking, plant height, ear height, number of cobs per plant and grain yield were positive and significant (P < 0.05). Since both additive and dominance gene actions were important for low-N traits, the use of reciprocal recurrent selection procedure can be adopted in incorporating the trait into elite maize varieties.

scholarly journals Combining abilities and inbreeding depression in commercial maize hybrids

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4133
Author(s):  
Henrique José Camargo Senhorinho ◽  
Ronald José Barth Pinto ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Klayton Flávio Milani ◽  
Thiago Hideyo Nihei
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Ear Height

<p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the combining ability and inbreeding depression of commercial maize hybrids for agricultural traits. Twenty-two commercial maize hybrids, 96 F1 crosses from a partial diallel scheme, 22 S1 populations and 4 controls were evaluated in a 12x12 simples square lattice experimental setup, totaling 144 treatments, in the municipality of Sabáudia (PR), Brazil, for harvests from 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. Three traits were evaluated: grain yield, plant height and ear height. The Griffing method (1956) was applied for the evaluation of the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). The 30B39, 30K64 and 30B30 hybrids showed increased yield, 30F53 and P1630 showed reduced plant height and AG9040 and AG7010 showed reduced ear height. These hybrids can be recommended for the extraction of inbred lines and formation of composites followed by intrapopulation selection. The combinations 30B39 x AG8088, 30B39 x AG9045 and P1630 x AG8021 showed desirable SCA effects for grain yield, plant height and ear height and are recommended for use in reciprocal recurrent selection programs. High magnitudes of inbreeding depression were verified for yield and lower values for inbreeding depression for plant and ear heights. Thus, strategies are recommended for interpopulation breeding accompanied by inbred lines extraction.</p>

scholarly journals Combining abilities and inbreeding depression in commercial maize hybrids

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4133
Author(s):  
Henrique José Camargo Senhorinho ◽  
Ronald José Barth Pinto ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Klayton Flávio Milani ◽  
Thiago Hideyo Nihei
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Ear Height

The objective of this study was to evaluate the combining ability and inbreeding depression of commercial maize hybrids for agricultural traits. Twenty-two commercial maize hybrids, 96 F1 crosses from a partial diallel scheme, 22 S1 populations and 4 controls were evaluated in a 12x12 simples square lattice experimental setup, totaling 144 treatments, in the municipality of Sabáudia (PR), Brazil, for harvests from 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. Three traits were evaluated: grain yield, plant height and ear height. The Griffing method (1956) was applied for the evaluation of the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). The 30B39, 30K64 and 30B30 hybrids showed increased yield, 30F53 and P1630 showed reduced plant height and AG9040 and AG7010 showed reduced ear height. These hybrids can be recommended for the extraction of inbred lines and formation of composites followed by intrapopulation selection. The combinations 30B39 x AG8088, 30B39 x AG9045 and P1630 x AG8021 showed desirable SCA effects for grain yield, plant height and ear height and are recommended for use in reciprocal recurrent selection programs. High magnitudes of inbreeding depression were verified for yield and lower values for inbreeding depression for plant and ear heights. Thus, strategies are recommended for interpopulation breeding accompanied by inbred lines extraction.

Genetic variation and association study for grain yield in germplasm accessions of maize (zea mays L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niharika Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Ear Height

The present investigation aimed to find out the association among yield and its components and to sort out the traits that are directly or indirectly contributing towards yield in landraces of maize genotypes. The eighty eight (88) maize germplasm collections were used in present study during Kharif -2012 and Kharif -2013 in RCBD design. Pooled data and standard statistics were employed (means, ranges, GM±SE, standard error and coefficient of variation etc.) for analysis of the seventeen quantitative traits to have a reflection of the level of genetic variability. A considerable amount of variability was found among germplasms for various important traits viz. plant height, ear weight, ear length, 1000 kernel weight similarly grain yield per plant etc. grain yield exhibited positive and highly significant correlation with ear height, days to female flower initiation, days to 50% male flower initiation, days to 50% female flower initiation, days to maturity, 1000 grain weight, ear weight at genotypic and phenotypic level. Maximum phenotypic correlation coefficient was recorded by cob diameter (0.955) followed by days to female flower initiation (0.758), plant height (0.718*) and days to male flower initiation (0.679).Path analysis indicated that the character ear height (0.410) recorded highest of the direct effect followed by biological yield per plant (0.408), harvest index (0.328), days to female flower initiation (0.32), prop root (0.149) and 1000 kernel weight (0.136), so such traits may be rewarding and they should be given importance while practicing selection, aimed at improving grain yield per plant in maize. The genotypes JLM 22 was to be found best for high yield by considering all yield contributing traits followed by JLM 51, HKI 1344, CML 429, CML 470, JLM 30 JLM 2 and these can be utilized in further breeding programmes for producing single cross hybrids in Maize.

scholarly journals Yield and forage quality in maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odilon Gayosso Barragán ◽  
Griselda Chávez-Aguilar ◽  
José Angel Marroquín-Morales ◽  
Alfonso López-Benítez
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
Improvement Programs

Objective: To analyze the genetic diversity (agronomic attributes, forage yield, and fiber content) of 100 maize inbred lines and to identify genotypes with potential for the breeding of plants with the said traits. Design/methodology/approach: One-hundred maize inbred lines were evaluated in two environments, in a 10 x 10 complete block experimental design, with two repetitions. Days to male flowering, days to female flowering, ear height, plant height, stem diameter, green forage yield, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber data were recorded. Results: Significant differences were observed in the environmental sources of variation and genotypes for all the traits evaluated. The first four components account for 81% of the total variation observed and the first two account for 66% of the variation. The variables which have the highest absolute value and which strongly influence the dispersion of the genotypes, as well as the formation of groups, were: plant height, forage yield, and acid detergent fiber (component one) and days to female flowering and days to male flowering (component two). Consequently, the genotypes were dispersed in four groups. Study limitations/implications: It was not possible to conduct genetic diversity studies using molecular markers. Findings/conclusions: The grouping pattern of inbred lines shows the genetic diversity present; this can be an important tool in genetic improvement programs aimed at obtaining hybrids with specific characteristics.

scholarly journals Combining ability and genetic divergence among tropical maize inbred lines using SSR markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e53317
Author(s):  
Tauana Gibim Eisele ◽  
Dener Lazzari ◽  
Tereza Aparecida da Silva ◽  
Ronald José Barth Pinto ◽  
Robson Akira Matsuzaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Ear Height

Our objectives were to evaluate general and specific combining ability (SCA) and genetic divergence among tropical maize inbred lines using single sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Thirteen inbred lines were crossed based on a complete diallel scheme. Hybrids and three checks were evaluated in a lattice experimental design. Silk and anthesis flowering, average plant height, average ear height, white spot (Pantoea ananatis) and gray leaf spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis) severity, and grain yield were evaluated. Significant differences (p < 0.05) for general and specific combining abilities were observed for all traits. Based on additive effects, inbred lines 1 (Flash) and 12 (SG 6015) were selected to reduce the flowering period and plant and ear height. Inbred lines 2 (CD 303) and 3 (AG 8080) were selected to reduce disease severity. For the simultaneous increase in grain yield and reduced severity of diseases, line 11 (AG 9090) as a parent or tester in topcross schemes is recommended. According to non-additive effects, crosses 2 (CD 303) × 13 (DKB 747) and 11 (AG 9090) × 12 (SG 6015) were selected for grain yield and future breeding programs. Six groups were identified using SSR markers; a major group contained six inbred lines. Because of the minor relationship between genetic divergence and SCA effects on grain yield limits, the use of the groups for future divergent crosses is recommended.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Introgressed Maize Inbred Lines for Economic Traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
L. Musundire ◽  
J. Derera ◽  
S. Dari ◽  
P. Tongoona
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Stalk Lodging

Knowledge of the effects of introgressing temperate maize germplasm in tropical elite inbred lines on genetic variation and relationship between grain yield and its components is limited. In this study, the objective was to evaluate introgressed maize inbred lines for selected economic traits. Field evaluation was carried out on 122 inbred lines comprising sets of introgressed lines from three selection environments, parental inbred lines and two common checks. Genetic variation was significant (P &lt; 0.05) for all the major economic traits among inbred lines within and across sets. Heritability estimates ranged from low (0.21%) to high (91%) for stalk lodging and silking days, respectively. Comparison of means of inbred lines sets illustrated that environmental effect had influence on grain yield of introgressed lines. Grain yield and ear prolificacy performance across sets also illustrated that introgression of temperate germplasm in tropical elite inbred lines was effective. Spearman&rsquo;s rank correlation analysis on grain yield and ear prolificacy highlighted correlation between selection environments. Correlation among traits demonstrated that grain yield had significant (P &lt; 0.05) positive correlation with plant and ear aspects, plant height, root and stalk lodging, ear prolificacy and grain moisture content at harvest. Further, decomposing of correlation using path coefficient analysis showed significant (P &lt; 0.05), and moderate direct effects of ear prolificacy and plant height on grain yield; indicating that these traits had the highest contribution towards grain yield. Generally indirect effects of secondary traits on grain yield potential of inbred lines was negligible. Therefore, direct selection of plant height and ear prolificacy will be emphasised during introgression of temperate germplasm in tropical elite inbred lines.

scholarly journals Genetic Dissection of Low-N Traits using Triple Test Cross Analysis in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Afolabi M. Segun ◽  
Salami A. Ekundayo
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Triple Test Cross ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
Triple Test ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Ear Height

Low-N maize is bred for its ability to tolerate low soil nitrogen (N) by growing and producing grain that compares appreciably to conventional varieties. This experiment was conducted to study the genetic effects of grain yield and other agronomic traits in Low-N maize using triple test cross analysis. Twelve low-N open pollinated maize varieties were converted to the inbred line after six generations of selfing and used for the experiment. Two inbred lines along with their F1 were used as testers for ten inbred lines in a triple test cross pattern to generate 30 crosses and along with their parents and testers to make a total of 43 entries which were evaluated at the Teaching and Research Farms of Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti during in 2017. The design was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Data was collected on plant height, ear height, days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, the incidence of Curvularia leaf spot, blight, plant aspect, ear aspect, ear rot, stay green, cob per plant, ear weight, grain moisture content and grain yield. All data was subjected to analysis of variance and complete genetic estimates made. Additive and dominants were significant (P0.05) for all traits, however, epitasis estimates were not significant for all the traits. The degree of dominance component indicated partial dominance for all the traits. Correlation coefficients for days to 50% anthesis and 50% silking, plant height, ear height, number of cob per plant and grain yield were positive and significant (P0.05). Since both additive and dominance gene actions were important for low-N traits, the use of reciprocal recurrent selection procedure can be adopted in incorporating the trait into elite maize varieties.

Yield performance with heritability measurements of half sib families obtained from maize variety Azam

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Faizan Mahmood, Hidayat- Ur-Rahman, Nazir Ahmad ◽  
Fahim-ul- Haq ◽  
Samrin Gul, Quaid Hussain ◽  
Ammara Khalid ◽  
Touheed Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Sib Families

This study evaluated the performance of 64 half sib families (HSF) derived from “Azam” variety of maize using partially balanced lattice square design with two replications. Data were recorded on grain yield and other agronomic traits. Observations showed difference in half-sib families for studied traits. Among the 64 half-sib families, minimum days to 50% tasseling (51 days) were observed for HS-49 while maximum (57 days) for HS-63. Minimum days to 50% silking (56 days) were counted for HS-6 while maximum (63 days) for HS-23. Minimum days to 50% anthesis (55 days) were counted for HS-1 and HS-6 while maximum (62 days) for HS-23. Similarly, minimum ASI (-2 days) were observed in HS-1, HS-15, HS-16, HS-28 and HS-63 while maximum (2 days) in HS-48. Minimum (60 cm) ear height was recorded for HS-11 and maximum (93.5 cm) for HS-28. Minimum fresh ear weight (1.3 kg) was weighted for HS-17 while maximum (3.2 kg) for HS-21. Grain moisture was recorded minimum (19.35 %) for HS-19 and maximum (31.25%) for HS-2. HS-42 showed minimum (28 g) 100 kernel weight while HS-5 showed maximum (47 g). Grain yield was minimum (2323 kg ha-1) for HS-17 and maximum (5742 kg ha-1) for HS-21. Maximum heritability estimate (0.92) was recorded for fresh ear weight, while minimum (0.41) was observed for ear height.

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