Yield and forage quality in maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines

Objective: To analyze the genetic diversity (agronomic attributes, forage yield, and fiber content) of 100 maize inbred lines and to identify genotypes with potential for the breeding of plants with the said traits. Design/methodology/approach: One-hundred maize inbred lines were evaluated in two environments, in a 10 x 10 complete block experimental design, with two repetitions. Days to male flowering, days to female flowering, ear height, plant height, stem diameter, green forage yield, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber data were recorded. Results: Significant differences were observed in the environmental sources of variation and genotypes for all the traits evaluated. The first four components account for 81% of the total variation observed and the first two account for 66% of the variation. The variables which have the highest absolute value and which strongly influence the dispersion of the genotypes, as well as the formation of groups, were: plant height, forage yield, and acid detergent fiber (component one) and days to female flowering and days to male flowering (component two). Consequently, the genotypes were dispersed in four groups. Study limitations/implications: It was not possible to conduct genetic diversity studies using molecular markers. Findings/conclusions: The grouping pattern of inbred lines shows the genetic diversity present; this can be an important tool in genetic improvement programs aimed at obtaining hybrids with specific characteristics.

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Combining ability and heterosis for yield, precocity and height in yellow maize genotypes

Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia ◽

10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v37.n4.05 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 410-429

Author(s):

Victor Mario García Mora ◽

Julián Chura Chuquija ◽

Julio Torres

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Male And Female ◽

Lattice Design ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Ear Height ◽

Female Flowering ◽

The Mean ◽

Additive Genes

The objective of the present study was to determine the general combinatorial aptitude (GCA), specific combinatorial aptitude (SCA) and heterosis in inbred lines of yellow maize and its crosses for, the yield of grain, height of plant and ear and days to male and female flowering. Six inbred lines from CIMMYT, their direct crosses and four controls were evaluated at UNALM during 2016-2018, under a 5 x 5 lattice design with four repetitions. The effects of GCA and SCA were calculated using method II, model I of Griffing. Heterosis was measured based on the mean and best parent. Heterosis was measured based on the mean and best parent. The combined analysis of years showed significance (p ≤ 0.01) in: genotypes by years for days to male and female flowering; GCA for years for days to male flowering and SCA for years for days to female flowering. The effects of ACG for grain yield were significant in lines CML 229 and CML 428, for plant height, precocity, ear and precocity CML 487 line highlighted. The effect of ACE was superior in the cross CML 453 x CML 486 for the grain yield character. Heterosis was higher for the grain yield in the CML 229 x CML 453 and CML 453 x CML 487 crosses. The GCA / SCA relationship evidenced effects of additive genes on plant height, days to male and female flowering, therefore, for grain yield and ear height, non-additive effects governed.

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Evaluation of yellow maize inbred lines for maturity and grain yield related traits using line × tester analysis

Journal of Food Nutrition and Agriculture ◽

10.21839/jfna.2018.v1i1.205 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Syed Farman Ullah ◽

Fawad Ali ◽

Abdus Salam ◽

Muhammad Siddique Afridi ◽

Hidayat Ur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Cereal Crop ◽

Seed Setting ◽

Maize Inbred Lines ◽

Ear Height ◽

Source Populations ◽

Crop Research

Thirty yellow maize inbred lines were selected from different source populations and planted in isolation with common male testers (YD-2 and YD-4) in 1:4:1 ratio at Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Nowshera during spring-2014 (season–I). On the bases of best seed setting and other important traits, eighteen test-crosses were selected using line × tester approach. The developed 18 test-crosses, nine parental lines and two testers along with two check cultivars (Sarhad Yellow and CS2Y10) were grown in summer season-2014 (July – November) using two replications.Data were collected on various maturities and yield related traits via; days to pollen shedding, silking, ear height, plant height, 100-kernel weight, kernel row ear-1 and grain yield. Significant differences were observed among test-crosses for yield related traits mainly 100-kernel weight and grain yield. L-9 using YD-4 as a tester revealed minimum days to pollen shedding (50.5 days) and days to silking (52.5 days). L-3 using YD-2 as a tester recorded maximum plant height while, L-9 using YD-4 as a tester obtained maximum ear height and length. L-9 using YD-4 as a tester revealed high 100-kernel weight, grain yield and high GCA effect, while L-8 using YD-4 as a tester recorded high SCA effect for 100-kernel weight. L-9 exhibited high GCA effect for grain yield while, high SCA effect was obtained for L-2 using tester (YD-2). L-9 using tester YD-4 revealed maximum mid-parent and best-parent heterosis for ear length and grain yield. For maximum traits, L-9 was the best combiner followed by L-3 and L-6 using the same tester (YD-4) under conducted study.

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Phenotypic and molecular characterization of a set of tropical maize inbred lines from a public breeding program in Brazil

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-021-08127-7 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sirlene Viana de Faria ◽

Leandro Tonello Zuffo ◽

Wemerson Mendonça Rezende ◽

Diego Gonçalves Caixeta ◽

Hélcio Duarte Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Tropical Maize ◽

Maize Breeding ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

The Public ◽

Maize Inbred Lines

Abstract Background The characterization of genetic diversity and population differentiation for maize inbred lines from breeding programs is of great value in assisting breeders in maintaining and potentially increasing the rate of genetic gain. In our study, we characterized a set of 187 tropical maize inbred lines from the public breeding program of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) in Brazil based on 18 agronomic traits and 3,083 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers to evaluate whether this set of inbred lines represents a panel of tropical maize inbred lines for association mapping analysis and investigate the population structure and patterns of relationships among the inbred lines from UFV for better exploitation in our maize breeding program. Results Our results showed that there was large phenotypic and genotypic variation in the set of tropical maize inbred lines from the UFV maize breeding program. We also found high genetic diversity (GD = 0.34) and low pairwise kinship coefficients among the maize inbred lines (only approximately 4.00 % of the pairwise relative kinship was above 0.50) in the set of inbred lines. The LD decay distance over all ten chromosomes in the entire set of maize lines with r2 = 0.1 was 276,237 kb. Concerning the population structure, our results from the model-based STRUCTURE and principal component analysis methods distinguished the inbred lines into three subpopulations, with high consistency maintained between both results. Additionally, the clustering analysis based on phenotypic and molecular data grouped the inbred lines into 14 and 22 genetic divergence clusters, respectively. Conclusions Our results indicate that the set of tropical maize inbred lines from UFV maize breeding programs can comprise a panel of tropical maize inbred lines suitable for a genome-wide association study to dissect the variation of complex quantitative traits in maize, mainly in tropical environments. In addition, our results will be very useful for assisting us in the assignment of heterotic groups and the selection of the best parental combinations for new breeding crosses, mapping populations, mapping synthetic populations, guiding crosses that target highly heterotic and yielding hybrids, and predicting untested hybrids in the public breeding program UFV.

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Genetic divergence of exotic inbred lines of maize (Zea mays. L)

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v42i4.35793 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 665-671

Author(s):

AH Akhi ◽

S Ahmed ◽

ANMS Karim ◽

F Begum ◽

MM Rohman

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Mean Value ◽

Morphological Attributes ◽

Mean Values ◽

Cluster Distance ◽

Ear Height ◽

Total Divergence

Sixty exotic inbred lines of maize from CIMMYT were characterized for a few morphological attributes and grain yield at the experimental field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during 2013-14. The inbred lines of the existing investigation were grouped into five distinct non-overlapping clusters based on D2 analysis. Cluster II was comprised of the highest number of inbreds whilst cluster III and IV included the lowest number of inbreds. The inter cluster distance was higher than intra cluster distance suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The highest inter-cluster distance was exhibited between clusters II and V (D2 = 15.40) and the lowest inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters I and II (D2 = 2.82). Cluster II exhibited the highest mean values for cob length and cob diameter, cluster V for number of grain /cob and total grain weight. The lowest mean value for plant height & ear height were found in cluster II and cluster IV for days to pollen shedding and days to silking. Days to silking, plant height, cob length (cm), number of rows /cob, number of grains /cob showed maximum contribution towards total divergence among different characters. The inbred lines were characterized for their morphological traits and kernel yield to achieve more heterotic partners to get higher heterosis.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(4): 665-671, December 2017

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Comparative analysis of genetic diversity among the maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.) obtained by RAPD and SSR markers

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132008000100022 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 183-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Silvia Graciele Hülse de Souza ◽

Valéria Carpentieri-Pípolo ◽

Claudete de Fátima Ruas ◽

Valdemar de Paula Carvalho ◽

Paulo Maurício Ruas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Pedigree Data ◽

Dice Coefficient ◽

Quantitative Characters ◽

Maize Inbred Lines ◽

Ssr Primers ◽

Selection Of

The RAPD and SSR markers were used to compare the genetic diversity among the 16 maize inbred lines. Twenty-two primers were used in the RAPD reactions, resulting in the amplification of 265 fragments, while 16 pairs of SSR primers resulted in 75 fragments. The similarity based on Dice coefficient for the RAPD ranged from 53 to 84% and for the SSR from 11 to 82%. The dendrogram obtained by the RAPD showed five groups, while dendrogram obtained by the SSR showed three groups and one isolated line. The association constructed from the markers and the principal coordinate’s analysis separated lines into two groups according to endosperm color, either orange or yellow. The RAPD were effective to validate pedigree data, while the SSR were effective to recognize the differences between the quantitative characters. Because they assess the distinct regions of the genome, the selection of one or other marker would depend on the characteristics of the material used and the objectives of the project.

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Molecular assessment of maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.) Using microsatellite markers

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v43i4.39151 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 533-542

Author(s):

Maniruzzaman ◽

MG Azam ◽

S Islam ◽

MG Hossain ◽

MM Rohman

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Plant Breeding ◽

Genetic Relatedness ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

The Other ◽

Diversity Analysis ◽

Genetic Diversity Analysis ◽

Maize Inbred Lines ◽

Maize Genotypes

Genetic diversity analysis and germplasm characterization are essential steps in plant breeding and molecular markers are proved tool to accomplish. The present study was undertaken at the Molecular Breeding Lab of Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) to determine the genetic relatedness and molecular characterization of 15 maize inbred lines of BARI. In present study, genetic diversity analysis was performed by using 10 SSR primers to evaluate the polymorphisms, among them six primers showed distinct polymorphism between the maize inbred lines. The maize genotypes E81, E144, E08, E167, E102, E142 and E121 were found more diverged (0.9003) compared to other inbred lines. On the other hand, the lowest genetic distance values (0.1501) were found between the genotype E140 and genotype E80 followed by genotype E126 and genotype E140; genotype E140 and genotype E65; genotype E65 and genotype E80 values were identical (0.4502). The genotypes viz. E81, E144, E08, E167, E102, E142 and E121 were found far away from centroid of the cluster and rest of the genotypes were placed around the centroid. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO) helped to visualize four major clusters and showed that seven maize inbred lines (E81, E58, E08, E167, E102, E142 and E121) were far away from the other genotypes. In conclusion, SSR markers enabled discrimination among accessions and provided valuable information for future use in improvement of these genomic resources.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 533-542, December 2018

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