The Dose-Response Relationship Between Body Mass Index and the Risk of Incident Stage ^|^ge;3 Chronic Kidney Disease in a General Japanese Population: The Ibaraki Prefectural Health Study (IPHS)

Abstract Background Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] has been shown to be associated with the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among various ethnicities. In addition, recent Mendelian randomization studies have suggested that Lp(a) seems to be causally associated with CKD. However, few data exist regarding this issue among Japanese population. Purpose We aimed to investigate the association between serum Lp(a) and the CKD among Japanese population. Methods We retrospectively investigated 6,130 subjects whose serum Lp(a) had been measured for any reason (e.g. any operations which needs bed rest for a long duration, risk factors for atherosclerosis such as hypertension or diabetes) at our University Hospital from April 2004 to March 2014. We excluded 1,895 subjects due to the lack clinical data. We assessed their Lp(a), LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, presence of hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, smoking, body mass index, presence of coronary artery disease (CAD), and presence of CKD (stage 3 or greater). Results When the study subjects were divided into 5 groups based on their CKD stage, there was a significant trend among their serum Lp(a) levels (P-trend = 2.7×10–13). Under these conditions, multiple regression analysis showed that Lp(a) was significantly associated with CKD [odds ratio (OR): 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08–1.17; p=1.3×10–7: per 10mg/dL)., independent of other classical risk factors, including age, gender, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Under these conditions, Lp(a) was significantly associated with CAD [OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06–1.16; p=1.7×10–6: per 10mg/dL), independent of the presence of CKD. Conclusion Serum Lp(a) was associated with the development of CKD independent of other classical risk factors among Japanese population as well.

Download Full-text

Hepatic Steatosis Index and Chronic Kidney Disease among Middle-Aged Individuals: A Large-Scale Study in Japan

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2021/9941834 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Hirotaka Ochiai ◽

Takako Shirasawa ◽

Takahiko Yoshimoto ◽

Satsue Nagahama ◽

Ken Sakamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Dose Response ◽

Large Scale ◽

Early Stage ◽

Response Relationship ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Dose Response Relationship ◽

Hepatic Steatosis Index

Background. Though nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to chronic kidney disease (CKD), it is unclear whether the hepatic steatosis index (HSI), a screening tool for NAFLD, is related to CKD. The present study investigated the relationship between HSI and CKD among middle-aged individuals in Japan. Methods. Subjects were adults (aged 40–64 years) who received an annual health checkup in Japan between April 2013 and March 2014. Height and weight were measured, and venous blood samples were obtained to determine alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and creatinine levels. HSI was calculated by the following formula: HSI = 8 × ALT / AST ratio + body mass index (+2, if diabetes; +2, if female). CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL / min / 1.73 m 2 and/or urinary protein of ≥ (+). Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) for CKD. Results. Data of 94,893 adults were analyzed. Compared with men with an HSI < 30 , men with 30 ≤ HSI ≤ 36 (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.40–1.61) and HSI > 36 (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.99–2.31) had significantly higher ORs for CKD. Moreover, there was a significant dose-response relationship between HSI and CKD ( P for trend < 0.001 ). Even after adjusting for confounders, the significant results persisted. These findings in men were similar to those in women. Conclusions. This study showed that the HSI was associated with CKD among middle-aged adults in Japan. Additionally, a dose-response relationship of HSI to CKD was observed. The present study suggested that it might be useful to monitor the HSI among middle-aged individuals to detect CKD at an early stage.

Download Full-text

Body mass index and its dose-response relationship with the incidence and risk of tuberculosis, a population-based cohort study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26565/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jinou Chen ◽

Shun Zha ◽

Jinglong Hou ◽

Kunyun Lu ◽

Yubing Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dose Response ◽

Population Based ◽

Normal Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Response Relationship ◽

Dose Response Relationship ◽

Tuberculosis Incidence ◽

Tuberculosis Risk

Abstract Background Many pieces of evidence presented the body mass index (BMI) was inversely associated with tuberculosis (TB). BMI was radically changed during the past decades in China. The aim of the study was to evaluate the contemporary relationship between BMI and tuberculosis incident. Methods A population-based prospective cohort included 26 022 community participants was conducted. Three rounds of tuberculosis screening were implemented between June 2013 and December 2015. The main exposure was defined as baseline BMI, and was categorized into 3 levels: underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5 to 24.0 kg/m2), overweight or obese (≥ 24.0 kg/m2). The active tuberculosis incident in the second or third round screening was the study outcome. The dose-response relationship between BMI and tuberculosis incidence as well as tuberculosis risk were analyzed. Results During the followed up of 2.25 years, 43 cases developed tuberculosis in 44 574.4 person-years. The log-linear dose-response relationship between BMI and tuberculosis incidence was fitted (adjusted R2 = 0.95). In multivariable Cox proportional regression, overweight and obese was associated with a lower risk of incident tuberculosis compared with normal weight (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14–0.82, p < 0.01), the inverse dose-response association between BMI and tuberculosis risk was characterized by restricted cubic spline. In subgroups analysis, the risk of tuberculosis reduced 78% in overweight or obese (aHR, 0.22; 95% CI 0.05–0.97, p = 0.05) and 64% (aHR, 0.36; 95% CI 0.12-1.00, p = 0.05) compared with normal weight among female and elderly. Conclusion Our study revealed that high BMI was a protective factor in tuberculosis development. Precise dose-response relationship between BMI and the incident tuberculosis, as well as the risk of tuberculosis progression in contemporary Chinese adulthood, will benefit to disease control policy.

Download Full-text