Factors Associated with Increased Risk for Acute Unintentional Childhood Poisoning among Children Living on the U.S.-Mexico Border

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Roddy ◽  
Kathleen M. O'Rourke ◽  
Kristina Mena
Keyword(s):  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Childhood Poisoning ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Factors associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality among Hispanic patients living on the USA–Mexico border

2021 ◽  
pp. jim-2020-001667
Author(s):  
Jorge Cervantes ◽  
Amit Sureen ◽  
Gian Galura ◽  
Christopher Dodoo ◽  
Alok Kumar Dwivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hispanic Patients ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Mexico Border

COVID-19 has ravaged the medical, social, and financial landscape across the world, and the USA–Mexico border is no exception. Although some risk factors for COVID-19 severity and mortality have already been identified in various ethnic cohorts, there remains a paucity of data among Hispanics, particularly those living on borders. Ethnic disparities in COVID-19 outcomes in Hispanic and black populations have been reported. We sought to identify the clinical presentation, treatment, laboratory, and imaging characteristics of 82 Hispanic patients in a county hospital and describe the factors associated with rates of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mortality. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (48.8%) and diabetes mellitus (DM) (39%), both found to be associated with hospitalization and mortality, while only DM was associated with increased rate of ICU admission. Multivariable analysis showed that individuals with fever, low oxygen saturation (SpO2), nasal congestion, shortness of breath, and DM had an increased risk of hospitalization. Individuals with fever, decreased levels of SpO2, and advanced age were found to be associated with an increased risk of death. The most common cause of death was respiratory failure (28.9%), followed by shock (17.8%) and acute kidney injury (15.6%). Our findings are critical to developing strategies and identifying at-risk individuals in a Hispanic population living on borders. Research aiming to identify key evidence‐based prognostic factors in our patient population will help inform our healthcare providers so that best interventions can be implemented to improve the outcomes of patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated With Infection of Blood-Borne Virus among People Who Used Methamphetamine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilin Cai ◽  
Zheng Dai ◽  
Sijin Wen ◽  
Ruchi Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Polysubstance Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background The surge of methamphetamine use has been a complicating factor compounding the U.S. poly-drug use landscape. Infections of blood-borne virus including hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV, arising from methamphetamine use continue to grow. This study aimed to examine the risk factors associated with blood-borne infections from HBV, HCV and HIV among people who used methamphetamine. Methods Methamphetamine users were identified from five National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cohorts from 2007 to 2016. We examined the association of sexual activities (sexual partners, sexual identity), drug use behaviors (poly-drug use, injection drug use, number of times drug use, age started using methamphetamine), demographics and socio-economic status with blood-borne infections using bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions. Results There were 1,075 participants representing approximately 11,319,270 methamphetamine users in the U.S. with prevalence of blood-borne infections 13.4 per 100,000. Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed significant associations of blood-borne infections with age 50-59 years (adjusted odds ratio 6.32, 95% CI 1.35-29.69), living within poverty index 1-1.9 (2.80; 1.33 – 5.88), living below the poverty threshold (2.46; 1.14 – 5.28), having lower than high school education (3.57; 1.74 – 7.33), identified as men who have sex with men (MSM) (54.24; 13.80 – 213.24), using methamphetamine with other substances (5.86; 1.50 – 22.87), injection drug use (3.77; 1.93 – 7.36), and started using methamphetamine at age above 25 (2.18; 1.05 – 4.54). Conclusions Polysubstance use, injection drug use, and MSM were strongly associated with increased risk of blood-borne infections among methamphetamine users.

What Makes a Good Human Smuggler? The Differences between Satisfaction with and Recommendation of Coyotes on the U.S.-Mexico Border

2018 ◽  
Vol 676 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Slack ◽  
Daniel E. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
News Coverage ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Willingness To Recommend ◽  
Migratory Experience ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Empirical Insight ◽  
Unique Dataset

This article draws on a unique dataset of more than eleven hundred postdeportation surveys to examine migrants’ experiences with coyotes (human smugglers) along the U.S.-Mexico border. Our focus is on migrants’ satisfaction with the services provided by their most recent smuggler and whether they would be willing to put family or friends in contact with that person. We find a distinct difference between people’s expectations for their own migratory experience compared to what they would be willing to subject loved ones to. Expectations of comfort and safety are decidedly low for oneself; but for loved ones, a more expressive, qualitative assessment shapes their willingness to recommend a coyote: qualities such as trustworthiness, honesty, comportment, and treatment come to the fore. News coverage focusing on the deaths of smuggled migrants often portrays coyotes as nefarious and exploitative, but the migrant-smuggler relationship is much more complex than suggested by these media accounts. We provide empirical insight into the factors associated with successful, satisfactory, and safe relationships between migrants and their guides.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Sexual Risk of HIV Transmission Among HIV-Positive Latino Men Who have Sex with Men on the U.S.-México Border

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan A. Kutner ◽  
Kimberly M. Nelson ◽  
Jane M. Simoni ◽  
John A. Sauceda ◽  
John S. Wiebe
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Latino Men ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
The U.S

Why Not Allow FASB and IASB Standards to Compete in the U.S.?

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald A. Dye ◽  
Shyam Sunder
Keyword(s):  
Network Externalities ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
Regulatory Competition ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Status ◽  
Informative Signals ◽  
The U.S

This paper discusses arguments for and against introducing competition into the accounting standard-setting process in the U.S. by allowing individual corporations to issue financial reports prepared in accordance with either FASB or IASB rules. The paper examines several arguments supporting the status quo, including (1) the FASB's experience and world leadership in making accounting rules; (2) the increased risk of a “race to the bottom” under regulatory competition; (3) the inability of most users of financial reports to understand the complex technical issues underlying accounting standards; (4) the possibility that IASB's standards will be diluted to gain international acceptance, allowing additional opportunities for earnings management; (5) the risks of the IASB being deadlocked or captured by interests hostile to business; (6) the costs of experimentation in standard setting; and (7) economies from network externalities. Arguments examined on the other side include how competition will (1) help meet the needs of globalized businesses; (2) increase the likelihood that the accounting standards will be efficient; (3) help protect standard setters from undue pressure from interest groups; (4) allow different standards to develop for different corporate clienteles; (5) allow corporations to send more informative signals by their choice of accounting standards; (6) protect corporations against capture of regulatory body by narrow interests; and (7) not affect network externalities at national or global scales.

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