Analyzing Opera Attendance: The Relative Impact of Managerial Vs. Environmental Variables

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Holak ◽  
William J. Havlena ◽  
Pamela K. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

A forecasting model of opera attendance was used to assess the relative importance of two categories of predictor variables: performance attributes and environmental characteristics. Separate analyses for subscribers and nonsubscribers yielded insight into the differences between the two groups concerning the impact of repertory and scheduling on attendance. While subscribers were most heavily influenced by timing, nonsubscriber attendance was also influenced by the familiarity of the opera. The predictive validity of the model was evaluated using data from the most recent season's performances.

scholarly journals The Influence of Varying Cost Formats on Preferences

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Changchuan Jiang ◽  
Liana Fraenkel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Treatment Preferences ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Background. Numerous studies have found that cost strongly influences patients’ decision making. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of varying cost formats on patients’ preferences. Methods. Mechanical Turk workers completed a choice-based conjoint (CBC) survey. The CBC survey was designed to examine stated preferences for the use of second-line agents to treat diabetes across 5 attributes: route of administration, efficacy, risk of low blood sugar, frequency of checking blood sugar levels, and cost. We developed 7 versions of the CBC survey that were identical except for the cost attribute. We described cost in terms of: Affordability, Monthly Co-pay, Dollar Sign Rating, How Expensive, or How Cheap compared with other medications, Working Hours Equivalent (per mo) and Percent of Monthly Income. The resulting part-worth utilities were used to calculate the relative importance of cost and to estimate treatment preferences for exenatide, a sulfonylurea, and insulin. Results. The relative impact of cost varied significantly across the 7 formats. Cost had the greatest influence on participants’ decisions when framed in terms of Affordability [mean (SD) relative importance, 37.3 (0.9)] and the lowest influence when framed in terms of How Cheap (compared with other drugs) [12.1 (0.9)]. A sulfonylurea was strongly preferred across 4 of the 7 formats. Preference for insulin, the most effective, albeit riskiest, option was low across all cost formats. Conclusions. The format used to describe cost affects how the attribute impacts patients’ preferences. Individuals are most cost-sensitive when cost is framed in terms of affordability and least cost-sensitive when cost is described in terms of how cheap the medication is compared with others.

Professional Discretion and the Predictive Validity of a Juvenile Risk Assessment Instrument

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. McCafferty
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Risk Assessment Instrument ◽  
Actuarial Risk ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

The ability for professionals to override the results of an actuarial risk assessment tool is an essential part of effective correctional risk classification; however, little is known about how this important function affects the predictive validity of these tools. Using data from a statewide sample of juveniles from Ohio, this study examined the impact of professional adjustments on the predictive validity of a juvenile risk assessment instrument. This study found that the original and adjusted risk levels were significant predictors of recidivism, but the original risk levels were stronger predictors of recidivism than the adjusted risk levels that accounted for overrides.

Role of Macroeconomic Variables in Entrepreneurship Development: Evidence from Renewable Energy Sector of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-83
Author(s):  
Maheshwar Prasad Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

This study analyzes the impact of macroeconomic variables on entrepreneurship development in renewable energy sector of Nepal. This study examines the effect of GDP, market size in terms of population and number of households, and sales in terms of number of renewable energy systems installed on entrepreneurship development, i.e., number of renewable energy enterprises (REEs) using data from 1992/93 to 2016/17 by estimating various logarithmic models. The study concludes that the most important factor affecting entrepreneurship development is market size followed by GDP and sales in the context of renewable energy sector in Nepal. This study is considered to be useful for REEs, development actors, academia and policy makers creating employment by increasing production and providing energy in the country. The study can be further extended by incorporating the opinion and views of respondents from customers, regulating authorities and development actors in the sector to get greater insight into the results.

Developing Eastern Germany: The Effects of Economics Promotion in the Eastern German States after Reunification

2016 ◽  
Vol 236 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnd Kölling
Keyword(s):  
Public Funding ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Eastern Germany ◽  
German States ◽  
History Of ◽  
Iab Establishment Panel ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of public funding on the performance of establishments in Eastern Germany. Using data from the German Institute for Employment Research (IAB) Establishment Panel from 1996 through 2012, the effect of economic promotion in the eastern part of Germany is studied on a number of indicators that provide insight into the topic. For this purpose, conditional difference-in-differences estimators were derived using a propensity score matching approach. Treated establishments in the area of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) invested more, had a higher value added and requested more labour than untreated firms when the amount of public funding is considered. However, on average, establishments with a history of previous investments also receive more funding than establishments that do not receive promotion. Also, some of the results are not permanent, such as the share of investment. Other effects of economic promotion in Germany include increases in wages, but these effects are rather small when compared to the size of the economic promotion. In addition, outcome for firms’ productivity is always insignificant and close to zero.

scholarly journals Sewer Condition Prediction and Analysis of Explanatory Factors

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuija Laakso ◽  
Teemu Kokkonen ◽  
Ilkka Mellin ◽  
Riku Vahala
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Random Forest Algorithm ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Partial Dependence ◽  
Boruta Algorithm ◽  
Insight Into

Sewer condition is commonly assessed using closed-circuit television (CCTV) inspections. In this paper, we combine inspection results, pipe attributes, network data, and data on pipe environment to predict pipe condition and to discover which factors affect it. We apply the random forest algorithm to model pipe condition and assess the variable importance using the Boruta algorithm. We analyse the impact of predictor variables on poor condition using partial dependence plots, which are a valuable technique for this purpose. The results can be used in screening pipes for future inspections and provide insight into the dynamics between predictor variables and poor condition.

scholarly journals The Impact of Entrepreneurship Perceptions on Entrepreneurial Intention During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Li ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Ziyang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Education Management ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

The global pandemic of COVID-19 is a challenge for entrepreneurship education in universities and various organizations. Although positive responses to overcome the challenges of COVID-19 are being made, entrepreneurship strategies and policies might not meet students’ requirements. In order to enrich education management research, the main aim of this study is to provide a conceptual model and examine the relationship between perceptions, perceived positive attitudes on entrepreneurship education, and entrepreneurial intention (EI) during the COVID-19 crisis. The model is tested by using data from universities that are located in Shanghai, P.R. China. The study reveals that 1) perceived social norms and perceived self-efficacy positively influence perceived positive attitudes in entrepreneurship education; 2) there is no relationship between perceived entrepreneurial barriers and perceived positive attitudes in entrepreneurship education; 3) perceived positive attitudes in entrepreneurship education positively influence EI. The findings contribute to university and government policies on the development of entrepreneurial education. The framework of this study provides insight into the influential factors of entrepreneurship education that contribute to theoretical studies in the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals POLA INTERAKSI USTADZ DAN SANTRI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ( Studi Kasus di Pondok Pesantren Mambaul Hisan Blitar)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Umi Salamah ◽  
Arif Hidayatulloh
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Social Ethics ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Pattern Learning ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

<p>The success of a learning process is very closely related to the process of interaction. In Islamic boarding schools, a religious teacher besides becoming a teacher must become uswah / example in instilling religious values and moral values. In addition, the interaction between the religious teacher and students is expected to provide understanding to students including the ability of cognitive, affective and psychomotor. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of religious teacher and student interaction, the process of interaction between religious teacher and students, and the impact of interaction between religious teacher and students in the cottage. boarding school Mambaul Hisan Blitar. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of case studies, using data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis in this study uses data condensation, data display, and verification. The results of this study indicate that 1) the interaction between the cleric and the santri consists of three forms, namely one-way interaction, two-way interaction and multi-way interaction. 2) The process of educational interactions occurs in two kinds, namely outside and inside the teaching-learning process. 3) The impact of the interaction that was built between the cleric and the santri was to add insight into the religious scholarship of the santri, making the santri always prioritize aspects of the morality of the mercy, words in kromo, good manners and good social ethics, santri were more responsible and disciplined in carrying out their obligations</p><p><em><strong>Keywords: interaction pattern; learning process</strong></em></p><p><strong><em><br /></em></strong></p>

scholarly journals Altered transcription factor binding events predict personalized gene expression and confer insight into functional cis-regulatory variants

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqiang Shi ◽  
Oriol Fornes ◽  
Wyeth W. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Regulatory Variants ◽  
Regulatory Variant ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractDeciphering the functional roles of cis-regulatory variants is a critical challenge in genome analysis and interpretation. We hypothesize that altered transcription factor (TF) binding events are a central mechanism by which cis-regulatory variants impact gene expression. We present TF2Exp, the first gene-based framework (to our knowledge) to predict the impact of altered TF binding on personalized gene expression based on cis-regulatory variants. Using data from lymphoblastoid cell lines, TF2Exp models achieved suitable performance for 3,060 genes. Alterations within DNase I hypersensitive, CTCF-bound, and tissue-specific TF-bound regions were the greatest contributors to the models. Our cis-regulatory variant-based TF2Exp models performed as well as the state-of-the-art SNP-based models, both in cross-validation and external validation. In addition, unlike SNP-based models, our TF2Exp models have the unique advantages to evaluate impact of uncommon variants and distinguish the functional roles of variants in linkage disequilibrium, showing broader utility for future human genetic studies.

Intellectual Property Regulation, and Software Piracy, a Predictive Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 1691-1705
Author(s):  
Michael D'Rosario
Keyword(s):  
Software Piracy ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Asean Member ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Multilayer Perceptron Network ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Backward Propagation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

In recent years, a number of studies have considered the impact of IPRs on software piracy, specifically TRIPS and more recently U.S. USTR 301 reporting, pursuant to the Trade Act. The work of Shadlen (2005) supports the assertion that a number of recent IPR reforms directly influence rates of copyright infringement. Shadlen (2005) is a significant study into the impact of the IPRs such as TRIPS, Out of Cycle reviews and USTR 301 reporting on software piracy. The study identified a number of key IPR reforms and sought to determine the impact of IPR reform differentials on observed piracy rates. The current study extends upon Shadlen (2005), comparing the pooled panel model framework to an alternative model of prediction, a backward propagation, multilayer perceptron network model. The analysis conducted herein focuses specifically on ASEAN member countries. The study employs the Garson (1991) and Goh (1995) methods of independent variable analysis to offer further insight into relative importance of the IPR reform variables.

The Role of Ballot Ranking

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Spáč
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Recency Effects ◽  
Members Of Parliament ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

This article deals with ballot order effect in preferential voting in general elections in Slovakia. Previous research in this field has primarily focused on countries whose elections are based either on single-member districts or on lists with fewer candidates. This article aims to analyze a case of a different nature. Slovakia uses a proportional representation list system with a single nationwide constituency where all 150 members of parliament are elected. Hence, most of the political parties create lists with a high number of candidates, which according to theory should enhance the influence of ballot ranking. Using data from Slovak general elections between 2006 and 2012 with a sample of 7,587 candidates, this study provides strong evidence of the impact of ballot order on the results of preferential voting. The analysis in this article shows the existence of both the primacy and recency effects, that is, a positive bias of voters towards candidates listed at both top and bottom positions on a list. What is more, the multilevel models used in this article demonstrate that support for top-ranked candidates significantly increases as the size of the list increases. For the bottom-listed candidates, this trend is rather the opposite. These findings represent a valuable contribution to the debate in this area as they provide insight into the role of ballot order in electoral systems that use lists composed of numerous candidates.

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