Book Reviews: Marketing Public Health: Strategies to Promote Social Change, Food, Nutrition and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective, World Cancer Research Fund in Association with American Institute for Cancer Research

ABSTRACT The Third Expert Report on Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Cancer: A Global Perspective by the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) represents the most comprehensive, detailed, and objective analysis of the accumulated research in the discipline. The report provides a framework for public health efforts around the globe by governments and other organizations with the goal of significantly reducing the burden of cancer, enhancing health, and improving quality of life for cancer survivors. Coupled with the WCRF/AICR Continuous Update Panel reports on specific cancers, these efforts also provide guidance to healthcare practitioners engaged in counseling individuals who may benefit from diet and lifestyle changes. Most critically, this report defines priorities for future research efforts that will improve the evidence base of future recommendations both for population-based public health efforts and increasingly for more personalized strategies targeting individuals who are cancer survivors or at risk due to genetic predisposition or carcinogenic exposures.

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The Second World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Expert Report. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s002966510800712x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 253-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 467

Author(s):

Martin Wiseman

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cancer Research ◽

Global Perspective ◽

Health Goals ◽

Independent Panel ◽

Food Nutrition ◽

Nutrition And Physical Activity ◽

Prevention Of Cancer ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

International Experts

It has been estimated by various authorities that about one-third of cancers in Western high-income societies are attributable to factors relating to food, nutrition and physical activity. Identifying with confidence specific associations between dietary patterns, foods, body composition or individual nutrients is not simple because of the long latent period for cancer development, its complex pathogenesis and the challenge of characterising the multidimensional aspects of diet and activity over a lifetime. Reliable conclusions must therefore be drawn not only from randomised controlled trials but from a variety of methodological approaches, judged within a classic framework for inferring causality. Using a newly-developed method with a protocol for standardising the literature search and for analysis and display of the evidence, nine independent academic centres have conducted systematic reviews addressing the causal associations between food, nutrition and physical activity and risk of development of seventeen cancers, as well as of weight gain and obesity. A review has also examined the efficacy of such interventions in subjects with cancer. The reviews have been assessed by an independent Panel of twenty-one international experts who drew conclusions with grades of confidence in the causality of associations and made recommendations. Recommendations are given as public health goals as well as for individuals.

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Longitudinal Associations of Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Lifestyle Recommendations with Quality of Life and Symptoms in Colorectal Cancer Survivors up to 24 Months Post-Treatment

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers14020417 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 417

Author(s):

Marlou-Floor Kenkhuis ◽

Floortje Mols ◽

Eline H. van Roekel ◽

José J. L. Breedveld-Peters ◽

Stéphanie O. Breukink ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Research ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Research Fund ◽

American Institute ◽

The World ◽

Lifestyle Recommendations ◽

Longitudinal Associations

Post-treatment adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) lifestyle recommendations were associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), fatigue, and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. In a prospective cohort among CRC survivors (n = 459), repeated home-visits were performed at 6 weeks, 6, 12, and 24 months post-treatment. Dietary intake, body composition, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity were assessed to construct a lifestyle score based on adherence to seven 2018 WCRF/AICR recommendations. Longitudinal associations of the lifestyle score with HRQoL, fatigue, and CIPN were analysed by confounder-adjusted linear mixed models. A higher lifestyle score was associated with better physical functioning and less activity-related fatigue, but not with CIPN. Adjustment for physical activity substantially attenuated observed associations, indicating its importance in the lifestyle score with regards to HRQoL. In contrast, adjustment for body composition and alcohol inflated observed associations, indicating that both recommendations had a counteractive influence within the lifestyle score. Our findings suggest that CRC survivors benefit from an overall adherence to the WCRF/AICR lifestyle recommendations in terms of HRQoL and fatigue, but not CIPN. Specific recommendations have a varying influence on these associations, complicating the interpretation and requiring further study.

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