An Assessment of Health Needs in Selected Nigeria Villages

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collins O. Airhihenbuwa

Two hundred and fifty five heads of households in Iyekuselu District, Bendel State Nigeria, were interviewed. Fifteen villages were randomly selected from the 107 villages that make up the district. There is high morbidity of infectious diseases identified in the study. Limited number of medical professionals and medical institutions present problems of availability of services. This is compounded by high cost of medical services and poor access to health care facilities. The self-perceived health care needs of the heads of households are disease prevention, availability of health services, improved accessibility to health care facilities and reduced cost of care. There is a strong need for health education programs in these villages. This should be attempted with the cooperation of community members, so as to attain the goal of promoting health and preventing diseases.

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Dewa Ayu Ketut Sri Abadi ◽  
Dewa Nyoman Wirawan ◽  
Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Trisna Windiani

Background and purpose: Period prevalence of pneumonia among children in Indonesia increased from 2.1 in 2007 to 2.7 per 1000 children in 2013. The highest incidence was found among children aged 12-23 months. This study aims to examine association between delayed access to health care facilities and severity of children pneumonia.Methods: A case control study was conducted in Denpasar City. A total of 132 children were recruited to participate in this study, consisted of 44 cases and 88 controls. Cases were selected from 161 children with severe pneumonia who registered at Pulmonology Department of Sanglah General Hospital between January 2015 to April 2016. Controls were selected from 261 children aged 12-59 months with mild pneumonia who visited out-patient service at all community health centres in Denpasar City between January 2015 and April 2016. Cases and controls were matched by sex. Data were collected by interview with the parents in their houses. Data were analysed using multivariate analysis with logistic regression.Results: Risk factors associated to severity of pneumonia among children aged 12-59 months were delayed access to treatment for more than three days (AOR=2.15;95%CI: 1.39-3.32), non-health care facilities at first episode of illness (AOR=4.02; 95%CI: 1.53-10.61) and frequent episodes of respiratory infections (>4 times) over the last 6 months (AOR=5.45; 95%CI: 2.13-13.96).Conclusion: Delayed access to treatment, did not access healthcare facilities at first episode of illness, and high frequency of acute respiratory infections are risk factors of severe pneumonia among children.


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nenavath Sreenu

At present, the development of healthcare infrastructure in India is poor and needs fundamental reforms in order to deal with emerging challenges. This study surveys the growth of the healthcare infrastructure. The development of infrastructure and health care facilities, the position of the workforce, and the quality of service delivery are important challenges that are confronting healthcare centres in rural India. This article critically analyses the future challenges of Indian healthcare infrastructure development in rural areas, discussing the burden of disease, widespread financial deficiency, the vaccination policy and poor access to health care as some of the main issues. Life expectancy, literacy and per capita income are further considerations.


2021 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Iryna Bulakh

Architecture is gradually changing along with the development of society, its changing perceptions of beauty, strength, usefulness, as well as the growing need for comfort, aesthetics, the ideal environment. For a long time, the architecture of health care facilities was perceived and, accordingly, mechanically designed exclusively as a kind of technically necessary shell to ensure the treatment of the impersonal mass of the population. This approach was due to the acute and rapid need for a quantitative supply of medical institutions to a large number of people in large areas. This is what happened in the last century in the post-Soviet countries - standard projects of medical institutions were "cloned" everywhere, which were integrated into the urban environment by huge industrial-panel arrays without regional, cultural and aesthetic connection with "genius loci" and urban context. Do we have the right to condemn this large-scale approach that prevailed in the twentieth century? No. At one time, he made it possible to resolve the important issues of providing medical care to the majority of the population of the Soviet Union. Thanks to the massive and economic industrial design and construction approach, Ukraine has received an extensive urban network of various health care facilities, which continue to perform their functions, accepting the harsh challenges and trials of global pandemics and epidemics. The main problem is that with the acquisition of sovereignty in Ukraine began protracted political-oligarchic clan "internecine wars", which for decades froze attention to improving, modernizing, updating and developing the architecture of health care facilities. A significant part of Ukrainian hospitals is in a condition that not only does not meet sanitary and other requirements, but even threatens the health and lives of patients and staff. But it is not customary to talk about it. The Soviet mentality, enshrined in our subconscious, forces everyone in their place to report on the order, on compliance, on the implementation of plans. Despite the long-standing disregard for the problems and issues of compliance of domestic medical architecture with world standards, the powerful and once the world's best "machine" continued to perform its functions, inertially moving down from its pedestal. But today, in 2021, we are frantically approaching the foot of the new "rock", which embodies all the latest advances in health care and which the world's leading countries have gradually, step by step, overcome with long-term state plan for the development of medicine and with periodic reforms in the medical field.


2020 ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Г.В. РЯБЫКИНА ◽  
Н.А. ВИШНЯКОВА ◽  
Я.С. СМИРНОВА ◽  
Е.Ш. КОЖЕМЯКИНА ◽  
А.В. СОБОЛЕВ ◽  
...  

Резюме Цель исследования. Изучить частоту выявления фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) в первичном звене здравоохранения. Материал и методы. На базе лечебно9профилактических учреждений Мытищинской центральной районной больницы (ЦРБ) Московской области и Урюпинской ЦРБ Волгоградской области применяли дистанционные методы регистрации электрокардиографии (ЭКГ) в одном (ДЭКГ91) и 12 (ДЭКГ912) отведениях. В 12 лечебно9профилактических учреждениях (ЛПУ) Мытищинской городской клинической больни9 цы устройством CardioQVARK с одноканальной записью ЭКГ обследованы 2357 пациентов, обратившихся в ЛПУ в основном по поводу сердечно9сосудистых заболеваний. В Урюпинской ЦРБ был проведен врачебный анализ 18 564 ЭКГ, зарегистрированных в 12 отведени9 ях телемедицинской системой Easy ECG при проведении медицинских осмотров и диспансеризации населения в 4 ЛПУ. Результаты. Частота выявления ФП в Урюпинском районе, по данным врачебного анализа ДЭКГ912, составила 310 (1,7%) случаев на 18 564 зарегистрированных ЭКГ обследованных лиц, в основном при диспансеризации. В Мытищинском районе при проведении съемки ДЭКГ91 устройством CardioQVARK у пациентов с различными (преимущественно сердечно9сосудистыми) заболеваниями автоматически диагностировано 79 случаев ФП, что составило 3,35% обследованных. Впервые ФП выявлена у 91 человека: у 26 — методом ДЭКГ91, у 65 — методом ДЭКГ912. Из лиц с впервые выявленной ФП 21 человек считал себя практически здоровым. Заключение. В исследовании показаны возможности дистанционного метода регистрации и автоматического анализа ДЭКГ91 в сопостав9 лении с результатами врачебного анализа ДЭКГ912 в выявлении ФП на уровне врача первого контакта. Информативность автоматизиро9 ванного анализа одного (первого) отведения ЭКГ устройством CardioQVARK не уступает врачебному анализу ЭКГ912. Различия в частоте выявления ФП обусловлены различным контингентом обследованных лиц. Summary Aim. Тo explore the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the primary health care facilities. Material and methods: on the basis of medical institutions of the Mytishy City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Region and Uryupinsk Central District Hospital of the Volgograd Region, methods of remote 19channel ECG recording (DECG91) and 12 leads ECG (DECG912) were used. In 12 medical institutions of Mytishchy City Clinical Hospital, CardioQVARK device with a single9channel ECG recording examined 2357 patients who applied to medical institutions mainly for cardiovascular diseases. A medical analysis of 18 564 ECGs recorded in 12 leads by the Easy ECG telecommuting system during medical examinations and dispanserisation of the population in four medical institutions was performed in the Uryupinsk Central District Hospital. Results: the prevalence of AF in the Uryupinsk district according to the medical analysis of DECG>12 data was 310 cases per 18564 recorded ECGs, that is AF was diagnosed in 1.7% of patients mainly during the dispanserisation of the citizens. In the Mytischy district when conducting a DECG>1 examination with the CardioQVARK device in patients with various (mainly cardiovascular) diseases 79 cases of AF were automatically diagnosed, which amounted to 3.35% of the examined persons. For the first time, AF was detected in 91 persons: in 26 — by the DECG>1 method, in 65 — by the DECG>12 method. Of those with newly diagnosed AF, 21 persons considered themselves healthy. Conclusion: the study shows the capabilities of the method of remote registration and automatic analysis of DECG>1 in comparison with the results of a medical analysis of DECG>12 in detecting AF at the primary health care level. The informational content of the automatic analysis of 1>channel (lead I) ECG by the CardioQVARK device is not inferior to the medical analysis of the ECG>12. The differences in the frequency of occurrence of AF are imposed on the different contingent of the examined individuals.


1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Jirsch

Continuous quality improvement and customer identification have become pivotal concerns for modern management. It is evident that much past activity in health care has been narrowly focused, technologically based and of unknown efficiency. Identifying the patient as primary and overarching customer for health service organizations serves to simplify, refocus and redesign institutions so that resources and personnel are organized and allocated based on patient-care needs. Health care facilities can, accordingly, be ranked on the basis of their commitment and achievement with regard to patient-focused care. Quality becomes a matter of providing excellent and efficient medical care and satisfying the demands of the larger patient experience. Redefining the organization in the context of patient need profoundly changes the work place, creating less rigid, flattened organizational structures and emphasizing leadership rather than managerial activities.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Tunde A. Alabi ◽  
Sonnen Atinge ◽  
Chibuike Ejim ◽  
Samuel O. Adejoh

Abstract Utilization of health care facilities for child delivery is associated with improved maternal and neonatal outcomes, but less than half of mothers use these for child delivery in Nigeria. This study investigated the factors associated with facility delivery in Nigeria, and their variation between the Northern and Southern parts of the country – two regions with distinct socio-cultural make-ups. The study included 33,924 mothers aged 15–49 who had given birth in the last 5 years preceding the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. Overall, higher age, being educated, being a Christian, being an urban resident, being exposed to mass media, making joint decisions with partner on health care, beginning antenatal visits in the first trimester and attending antenatal clinics frequently were found to be associated with improved use of a health care facility for child delivery. An average mother in Northern Nigeria had a 38% chance of having a facility-based delivery, whereas the likelihood in the South was 76%. When other factors were adjusted for, age and listening to the radio were significant predictors of facility-based delivery in the South but not in the North. In the North, Christians were more likely than Muslims to have a facility-based delivery, but the reverse was true in the South. Rural women in the South had a 16% greater chance of having a facility-based delivery than urban women in the North. The study results suggest that there is inequality in access to health care facilities in Nigeria, and the differences in the socio-cultural make-up of the two regions suggest that uniform intervention programmes may not yield similar results across the regions. The findings give credence to, and expand on, the Cosmopolitan-Success and Conservative-Failure Hypothesis.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Na Zhu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction: To measure HIV-related stigma and discrimination (S&D) among health care facilities in Bao’an, Shenzhen to inform decision making regarding stigma-reduction intervention.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a standardized measurement tool between October 2019 and January 2020 among 1235 staff randomly sampled from 18 public and private hospitals. Data relevant to respondents’ demographic information, drivers of HIV related S&D, enacted stigma, and stigma towards pregnant women living with HIV were collected for analysis.Results: Percentage of medical staff worrying occupational exposure to HIV infection when dressing wound, drawing blood and doing delivery are 82.8%, 82.1% and 81.9%, respectively. Gender, specialty, training and hospital funding are independent factors affecting health staff’s anxiety over infection. 75.2% respondents believe that people living with HIV (PLWH) should seek care exclusively from designated hospital specializing in infectious disease and more than 50% of health staff survey reported over-protective measures. Conclusion: S&D toward PLWH as well as its drivers are widely prevalent among health care facilities. Findings of this study highlight the importance of stigma-reduction interventions to ensure equal access to health care by PLWH.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 232-239
Author(s):  
Julie George ◽  
Manita D. Shah

The Indian health care industry has a history of dealing with poor doctor-patient ratio, shortage of medical professionals, poor health infrastructure, and low expenditure on healthcare information technology; steep out of pocket spending (OOP), low health insurance coverage, inadequate government spending, poor access to health care facilities and social stigma related to diseases.  The unique mindset and ability for frugality has successfully been applied in offering low cost healthcare of uncompromised quality. While this has been achieved by few innovative entrepreneurs, it is imperative to help the new entrants with the collective experience in dealing with the rural market. A qualitative study was undertaken. Five Indian organizations, that have earned accolades and awards for successfully innovating for the poor were studied in-depth. The research looked into the challenges faced by the entrepreneurs. The methods and measures that evolved from their operation were analyzed. In order to help marketers learn from the pioneers, the paper has simplified the measures and steps in marketing to the familiar P’s of the marketing mix. In healthcare, the product is tied with service and the need is to work on all the 7P’s is useful. Keywords: frugal, innovation, entrepreneurship, marketing mix, healthcare.


Author(s):  
Renosa Tosca Zamaro

Equal opportunity and access to health care services regardless of one’s socio-economic background is important for health equity. To achieve this, the Indonesian government introduced a national health insurance program named Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional in 2014 and provided insurance premium subsidies for poor people. The current study evaluates the health subsidy policy’s impact on the utilization of different kinds of health care facilities, both public and private. Two waves of Indonesian socio-economic surveys, namely 2013 and 2018, and two analysis methods, namely logistic regression, and difference-in-differences, were applied in this study. The results show that in first-level health care facilities, the health subsidy improves the probability of outpatient visits in public health centers and polyclinics but decreases the probability of outpatient visits in medical practices. Then, in secondary-level health care facilities, the health subsidy was found to increase the likelihood of outpatient visits in public hospitals; however, it lowers the probability of outpatient visits in private hospitals.


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