Provider-initiated HIV testing in Puerto Rico: Data from NHBS-HET cycle 2016 (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Colón-López ◽  
Maureen M Canario De La Torre ◽  
Nadia Centeno ◽  
Ivony Y Agudelo ◽  
Yadira Rolón Colón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Medical Visit ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Increased Risk

BACKGROUND According to CDC and WHO guidelines, all individuals from 13 to 64 years of age should get screened for HIV infection as part of their routine medical examinations, and individuals at high risk should get tested annually. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify sociodemographic, healthcare, and sexual behavior predictors of provider-initiated HIV testing (PIHT) using data from the Puerto Rico National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (PR-NHBS) 2016 cycle; directed towards heterosexuals at increased risk of HIV infection (HET). METHODS A total sample of 531 eligible participants were recruited through respondent-driven sampling (RDS), where sociodemographic characteristics, healthcare utilization, and HIV testing were assessed. RESULTS Despite 72% showed high-risk sexual behavioral practices and 65.2% of the HET sample interviewed reported a low perceived risk of HIV infection, only 19% reported not receiving an HIV test offered at a recent medical visit. Multivariate analysis shows that HET who engaged in high-risk sexual behaviors (AOR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.30–0.90) were less likely to receive HIV-test offers from their providers. CONCLUSIONS This study further emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to follow recommended guidelines for HIV testing in healthcare settings as a means of establishing preventive measures to further counteract the HIV epidemic in Puerto Rico, specifically among HET.

scholarly journals Predictors Of Provider-Initiated Hiv Testing In Heterosexuals At Increased Risk Of Hiv (Het) In Puerto Rico: Data From Nhbs-Het Cycle 2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Marie Canario de la Torre ◽  
Ivony Yireth Agudelo Salas ◽  
Sandra Miranda de León ◽  
Yadira Rolón Colón ◽  
María Pabón Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have established guidelines for HIV testing in healthcare settings. The aim of this study was to identify the sociodemographic, healthcare, and sexual-behavior predictors of provider-initiated HIV testing (PIHT) using data from the Puerto Rico National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (PR-NHBS) 2016 cycle directed towards heterosexuals at increased risk of HIV infection (HET). A total sample of 531 eligible participants were recruited through respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Logistic regression models assessed the associations between sociodemographic, healthcare, and sexual-behavior predictors, whilst adjusting for sex and age. The majority of the participants were women (66.1%), with 72.7% reporting having received healthcare services in the past year. Of them, 18.7% had received an HIV-test offer from their healthcare providers. More than half of the participants (65.2%) reported a low perceived risk of getting infected with HIV in the next 12 months. Results suggest an overall low prevalence of PIHT among HET in PR who exhibited a relatively high prevalence of low perceived risk of HIV infection. Furthermore, the assessed predictors show that individuals who engaged in high-risk sexual behaviors (AOR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.30–0.90) were less likely to receive HIV-test offers from their providers. This study further emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to follow recommended guidelines for HIV testing in healthcare settings as a means of establishing preventive measures to further counteract the HIV epidemic in Puerto Rico, specifically among HET.

scholarly journals 1630. Voluntary HIV Testing and Self-Realization of Risk of HIV Infection Among Young Men-Who-Have-Sex-with-Men in the Miami-Dade Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S595-S595
Author(s):  
Hampton Ocon ◽  
Samir Sabbag
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Public Health Initiatives

Abstract Background According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Miami-Dade County has the highest rate of new HIV diagnoses in the Nation. So far, a large focus of public health initiatives has been spreading awareness of HIV testing locations, but this form of voluntary testing relies on individuals realizing that they are at risk of HIV infection in the first place. Consequently, a major obstacle to encouraging young men-who-have-sex-with-men (YMSM) to test themselves for HIV is their own self-perceived risk of having an undetected infection. Methods In an effort to better understand the discordance between high-risk sexual behavior and HIV testing among this high-risk population, YMSM (18–24) were surveyed through smartphone applications that facilitate sexual encounters in the Miami-Dade area (eg Grindr, Scruff). Users were asked about their history of condomless anal intercourse (CAI), their HIV testing habits, and whether or not they believe it possible that they are currently infected with HIV. An analysis of the relationship between CAI and self-perception of possible HIV infection was performed using Cochran-Mantel–Haenszel testing. Results Of the 843 eligible responses, 667 reported a history of voluntary HIV testing while 176 had never voluntarily tested. 726 respondents reported a history of CAI and 131 of these have never voluntarily tested. Of the 843 total participants, 1.6% were in the highest HIV risk group, which is those who have engaged in CAI with an exchange/casual partner, have never voluntarily tested for HIV, and have no self-perceived risk of being currently infected. According to data analysis, YMSM who have engaged in CAI but have never been tested for HIV were not more likely to have a self-perceived possibility of infection when compared with those who have voluntarily tested (P < 0.595). Conclusion This suggests that many high-risk YMSM are not voluntarily testing themselves for HIV not because they do not have access to testing, but rather because they do not perceive themselves as being possibly infected in the first place. Therefore, in addition to increasing access to HIV testing, new public health initiatives must be designed to facilitate YMSM understanding their own personal HIV risk. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals HIV Risk Behaviors and Testing History in Historically Black College and University Settings

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Thomas ◽  
Andrew C. Voetsch ◽  
Binwei Song ◽  
Denyce Calloway ◽  
Carolyn Goode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Historically Black ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Black College ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Increased Risk

Objectives. From 2001 through 2005, African Americans accounted for the largest percentage of new cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in all age categories, especially among people aged 13 to 24 years. Although students attending historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) report many of the behaviors that promote HIV transmission, their risk behaviors and HIV testing practices have not been well-characterized. We compared the demographic and behavioral characteristics of people who have been previously tested for HIV with those of people tested for the first time in this demonstration project to increase HIV testing at HBCUs. Methods. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and collaborating partners conducted rapid HIV testing and behavioral surveys at HBCUs in Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, and Washington, D.C., from January 2005 to April 2007. We recruited a convenience sample of students and community members at different campus venues including student health centers, dormitories, and student activity centers. Results. Our analysis included 5,291 people, 42% of whom reported they had never been tested for HIV. People who had been tested in the past were more likely to be older, believe they were at high risk for infection, have visited a health-care facility, and report behaviors that increased their risk of HIV infection. Conclusion. Respondents who believed they were at increased risk for HIV infection or reported behaviors that increased their risk for infection were more likely to have been tested for HIV. Future research should compare actual vs. perceived risk for HIV infection and contrast how each impacts HIV testing.

scholarly journals Association of nitrite inhalants use and unprotected anal intercourse and HIV/syphilis infection among MSM in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghui Zhang ◽  
Rantong Bao ◽  
Sequoia I. Leuba ◽  
Jiaming Li ◽  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Treatment As Prevention ◽  
Syphilis Infection ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse

Abstract Background Nitrite inhalant use is very common among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. However, there is lack of national representative data on use among Chinese MSM, and the mechanism of how nitrite inhalant use impacts HIV infection in MSM is unclear. This meta-analysis aims to understand the characteristics of Chinese MSM nitrite inhalant users and to determine the associations between nitrite inhalant use and sexual behaviors, the prevalence of HIV, and the prevalence of syphilis. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Wanfang Data, and VIP Chinese Journal Database for relevant literature published from January 1985 to December 2017. Results Fifteen eligible studies, with a total of 18,981 Chinese MSM participants, were included. Compared with nitrite inhalant nonusers, users were more likely to be younger, have a higher level of education, and seek sexual partners using the Internet. Nitrite inhalant users were more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors, including condomless anal intercourse (odds ratio [OR] = 1.33), group sex (OR = 2.26), and commercial intercourse (OR = 1.50). Nitrite inhalants users had a higher prevalence of HIV (OR = 1.83), higher prevalence of syphilis (OR = 1.38) and had higher lifetime HIV testing rates (OR = 1.33) compared with nonusers (each p < 0.05). Conclusions Nitrite inhalant users have higher HIV and syphilis prevalence by increasing levels of high-risk sexual behaviors. China should expand HIV testing, treatment as prevention (TasP), and Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among MSM, especially among nitrite inhalants using MSM, to reduce their risk of HIV infection and transmission.

scholarly journals HIV Risk Perception among HIV Negative or Status-Unknown Men Who Have Sex with Men in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wensheng Fan ◽  
Lu Yin ◽  
Han-Zhu Qian ◽  
Dongliang Li ◽  
Yiming Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Hiv Risk Perception ◽  
Hiv Negative

Objective.To evaluate HIV risk perception and its associated factors among Chinese MSM.Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM with an HIV negative or unknown status in Beijing, China, between 2011 and 2012. A questionnaire interview was conducted and a blood sample was collected for HIV and syphilis testing.Results.Of 887 MSM who reported they were HIV negative or did not know their HIV status before recruitment, only 7.3% reported a high risk of HIV infection, 28.0% medium risk, 52.2% low risk, and 12.5% no risk. In multivariate logistic regression models using those who reported a medium self-perceived risk as a reference group, self-reported high risk of HIV perception was associated with minority ethnicity (odds ratio [OR]: 2.91; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–8.19), self-reported history of sexually transmitted diseases (OR: 2.27; 95% CI: 1.25–4.10), and HIV testing times since the last HIV testing (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.26–0.84); low self-perceived risk of HIV infection was related to full-time employment (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.15–2.18) and illicit drug use (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.10–0.75).Conclusions.The HIV/AIDS epidemic is rapidly rising among Beijing MSM, but more than half MSM did not perceive this risk.

scholarly journals Perceptions about sexual risk, HIV and HIV-testing in Cali, Colombia

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Héctor Fabio Mueses Marín ◽  
Inés Constanza Tello Bolívar ◽  
María Isabel Galindo Orrego ◽  
Jaime Galindo Quintero
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Risky Sexual Practices

Introduction: In Colombia, 20%-54% of the population with sexual practices at higher risk for HIV infection (men who have sex with men, transgender women, women sex workers) has sometime been tested. Objective: To describe perceptions of sexual risk, HIV and HIV testing in people with risky sexual practices and people who identify themselves as heterosexual. Methods: Between 2012 and 2014, it was carried a descriptive study using HIV screening out in Cali-Colombia with the voluntary participation of 940 people aged over 18 years. There were used: informed consent, structured questionnaire and HIV testing. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression models were performed. Results: Average age 28.5 ±10.9 years; 50% men. 357 (38%) were people from the traditional risk group for HIV infection; and 583 (62%) corresponded to the non-traditional risk group (heterosexual men and women). Likewise, 62% and 41% respectively had HIV test. 51% to 53% reported having sex when they consumed liquor; commercial sex was higher in the group with risky sexual practices (32% vs 3%), as well as anal relations (77% vs 23%), consistent use of condom (32% vs 9%), and HIV positive test (14.3% vs 1.6%). The multivariate analysis showed for both groups that having HIV test was associated with being older than 25 years and a history of sexually transmitted infection. Conclusions: Differentiated education strategies are needed based on risky sexual behaviors and that consider the importance of regular HIV tests for early diagnosis and timely enrollment in care and treatment.

scholarly journals 1320. Continuing Education Improves HIV Screening and Use of PrEP in High-Risk Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S403-S403
Author(s):  
Katie Robinson ◽  
Derek Dietze ◽  
Robert Esgro ◽  
Richard Elion
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Since approval in 2012, the uptake of PrEP in high-risk patients remains low, especially among primary care providers (PCPs) who lack knowledge and confidence regarding its use. Continuing education (CE) has been extensively used to address such knowledge and practice gaps, yet little evidence exists supporting the impact of these initiatives on direct patient care and cost. Methods Vindico Medical Education partnered with Improve CME to assess the impact of seven CE programs targeted to PCPs from 2015 to 2017 regarding the use of PrEP in high-risk patients. An outcomes analysis model was used and designed to estimate (1) patients newly identified as HIV+ or HIV−, (2) patients newly on PrEP or HIV treatment, and (3) associated costs of care due to the CE. Results Prescribing providers (n = 4,550) who each see an average of 16.8 patients at high-risk for HIV infection per month, participated. Prior to learning only 44% of participants reported that they frequently offer HIV testing to high-risk patients; and only 13% frequently use PrEP clinical guidelines. Six-month post-education, however, 83% and 68% of providers reported using HIV testing and PrEP guidelines, respectively. We then used evidence-based parameters to project the number of high-risk patients who, based on our pool of patients directly impacted by the education, would be willing to accept an HIV test, those who would be HIV+ vs. HIV−, and those who would be willing to accept and adhere to either HIV treatment or PrEP. The model estimated that over the course of 1 year, 135,941 high-risk patients would be newly offered an HIV test. Of those accepting the test (n = 54,376), 163 would be newly identified as HIV+. Of the 54,213 newly identified as HIV−, at least 3,914 would be placed on PrEP. Using accepted values for direct cost of care, this translates to $1.26 million per year for patients newly treated for HIV and $92.4 million per year for those patients newly on PrEP. Conclusion Targeted CE to PCPs increased screening rates for HIV infection in high-risk patients, increased awareness and use of PrEP, and linked patients with appropriate care. These findings validate the need for ongoing CE programs to address persisting unmet needs and show that modeling can be used to estimate patient outcomes from CE programs. Disclosures R. Elion, gilead: Investigator, Scientific Advisor and Speaker’s Bureau, Consulting fee, Research support and Speaker honorarium. ViiV: Consultant, Consulting fee.

scholarly journals Correlates of perceived risk of HIV infection among persons who inject drugs in Tijuana,Baja California, Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffanie A Strathdee ◽  
Richard F Armenta ◽  
Daniela Abramovitz ◽  
Remedios Lozada ◽  
Alicia Vera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Persons Who Inject Drugs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Hiv Test

Objective. We identified correlates of perceived risk of HIV infection among persons who inject drugs (PWID) in Tijuana. Materials and methods. PWID ≥18 years of age who injected drugs in the past month were recruited between 2006-2007 and completed risk assessment interviews and serologic testing for HIV, syphilis, and tuberculosis. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with high-perceived risk of HIV infection. Results. Among 974 PWID, HIV prevalence was 4.4%; 45.0% of participants perceived themselves to be more likely to become HIV infected relative to other PWID in Tijuana. Participants who reported high-perceived risk of HIV infection participated in high-risk behaviors such as injecting with used syringes, transactional sex, and were less likely to have had an HIV test. Conclusions. Recognition of HIV infection risk was associated with high risk behaviors and markers of vulnerability. Findings support efforts to encourage HIV testing and access to health care for this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Use of multiple recreational drugs is associated with new HIV infections among men who have sex with men in China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Mao ◽  
Sequoia I. Leuba ◽  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Hongjing Yan ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Recreational Drugs ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection

Abstract Background There is limited information about the types of recreational drugs used by men who have sex with men (MSM) in China or the consequent impact on sexual health and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Methods We recruited MSM from seven cities in China between 2012 and 2013 using multiple approaches including advertisements on gay websites, collaborating with local MSM community-based organizations, peer referrals, and venues such as gay bars and bathrooms visited by MSM. We divided participants into four subgroups based on the number of recreational drugs (RDs) used in the previous 6 months. We defined use of multiple RDs as use of ≥2 types of RDs. Demographics and HIV-related high-risk behaviors were collected, and blood samples were tested for recent HIV infection by the HIV-1 subtypes B, E, and D immunoglobulin G capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA). We used multivariable logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographics to determine the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the subgroups of RD use for recent or established HIV infection. Results A total of 4496 Chinese MSM participated; 28.4% used RDs, and 5% used multiple types of RDs. The prevalence of each RD use was as follows: poppers (25.9%), ecstasy (2.4%), ketamine (1.2%), amphetamine (0.6%), tramadol (0.4%), methamphetamine (3.8%), and codeine (1.9%). Users of multiple RDs commonly used poppers combined with one or more other types of RDs. Multiple RD users were likely to be aged 26–30 years (vs. 18–25 and > 30 years), live in non-local cities (vs. local cities), never married (vs. married), have a high monthly income (vs. no income and 1–599 USD), use versatile positions during anal intercourse (vs. top or bottom), and have inadequate HIV-related prevention knowledge (vs. adequate). As the number of RDs used in the previous 6 months increased, the prevalence of HIV-related high-risk behaviors increased (P < 0.05 for all). The odds of recent HIV infection were higher among those who used one type (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.5–3.0) or two types of RD (aOR=2.3, 95% CI: 1.0-5.2) in the previous 6 months compared to the odds among those who did not use RDs. Conclusion The level and pattern of multiple RD use among Chinese MSM were different from high-income countries. MSM who used more RDs are more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors, and these behaviors may be associated with increases in new HIV infections.

Defining the PrEP care continuum among recently incarcerated men at high risk for HIV infection (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Murphy ◽  
Colette Sosnowy ◽  
Brooke Rogers ◽  
Siena Napoleon ◽  
Drew Galipeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Care Continuum ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Biomedical Intervention ◽  
Prep Implementation ◽  
Hiv Acquisition ◽  
Risk Of Hiv Acquisition ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

BACKGROUND HIV disproportionately impacts criminal justice (CJ)-involved individuals, including men who experience incarceration. Men make up the vast majority of those experiencing incarceration as well as those newly diagnosed with HIV infection. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective biomedical intervention that significantly reduces the risk of HIV acquisition. However, implementation in CJ-systems is limited. Little is known about effective PrEP implementation and use in this unique public health context. OBJECTIVE This article describes a PrEP care continuum for men experiencing incarceration who are at increased risk of HIV acquisition, which can help conceptualize approaches to evaluating PrEP implementation. METHODS Men incarcerated in the Rhode Island Department of Corrections, a correctional system composed of all of the state's sentenced and awaiting trial population, are screened for HIV acquisition risk during the course of routine clinical care. Those identified at high risk for HIV acquisition are referred for evaluation for PrEP initiation and enrollment in this study. Individuals who express interest in initiating PrEP and consent to the study are then followed in a prospective longitudinal cohort. RESULTS The outlined study will enroll 100 men experiencing incarceration at high risk for HIV acquisition prior to release into the community. The goal is to initiate PrEP prior to incarceration and link individuals to PrEP providers in the community, capturing barriers and facilitators to PrEP use during this uniquely vulnerable time period for HIV acquisition. CONCLUSIONS Based on the proposed care continuum and what is known about HIV risk and prevention efforts in the CJ-context, we outline key future research efforts to better understand effective approaches to preventing HIV infection among this vulnerable population. The described approach presents a powerful public health opportunity to help end the HIV epidemic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document