GPE 2007 - Utilization of the Coagulation Diagram in the Evaluation of the Natural Organic Matter (NOM) Removal for Obtaining Potable Water

The natural organic matter (NOM) is a mixture of many organic compounds that can be dispersed in superficial water. The NOM is due to the compounds formed in the biologic degradation process of the vegetable organic matter and its interaction with the clay and the other hydrographic basin soil constituents, besides algae and other microorganism activity. Many researchers have obtained results that indicate that the coagulation/flocculation process is an effective process in the NOM reduction without committing the non-stabilization colloidal particles. So, with the intuit to guarantee a better final water quality in the water treatment plants, different studies were evaluated based on the coagulation diagram for obtaining the best concentration of the chitosan coagulant as function of the pH for the NOM removal for obtaining potable water. The data for the coagulation diagram construction will be obtained by a series of tests in a jar-test apparatus. Different concentrations of the coagulant solution (0.1% w/v of chitosan) will be studied. The pH will be varied (4.0 8.5) with sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) 25 and 50%. The rapid mixture gradient, the coagulation time, the slow mixture gradient and the flocculation time will be maintained constant during this experiment. The process efficiency will be evaluated by the color, turbidity and compounds with absorption in UV-254nm removal. The best results of removal were found for the chitosan in the concentration of 1.0mg/L and pH between 4.0-5.0, approximately.

Download Full-text

Preloading of GAC by natural organic matter in potable water treatment systems: Mechanisms, effects and design considerations

Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology—AQUA ◽

10.2166/aqua.2004.0037 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 53 (7) ◽

pp. 469-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Walter J. Weber

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Potable Water ◽

Design Considerations ◽

Potable Water Treatment

Download Full-text

Role of natural organic matter (NOM), colloidal particles, and solution chemistry on ultrafiltration performance

Separation and Purification Technology ◽

10.1016/j.seppur.2011.02.001 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 78 (2) ◽

pp. 189-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

A.W. Zularisam ◽

Anwar Ahmad ◽

Mimi Sakinah ◽

A.F. Ismail ◽

T. Matsuura

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Colloidal Particles ◽

Solution Chemistry

Download Full-text

Direct coagulation pretreatment in nanofiltration of waters rich in organic matter and calcium

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2001.0063 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 25-33

Author(s):

A. I. Schäfer ◽

A.G. Fane ◽

T.D. Waite

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Process Efficiency ◽

Nanofiltration Membranes ◽

Multivalent Ions ◽

Flux Decline ◽

Calcium Complexes ◽

The Impact ◽

Significant Flux

Nanofiltration (NF) can remove natural organic matter (NOM) and multivalent ions from surface waters. Large hydrophobic organics and calcium ions are responsible for irreversible fouling of nanofiltration membranes and thus a decrease of process efficiency and increase in cleaning requirements. Fouling due to the precipitation of organic-calcium complexes and the impact of colloids and coagulant (FeCl3) on the precipitation of these species was investigated. Coagulation in solution (as opposed to in the boundary layer) did not cause significant flux decline and was able to prevent irreversible fouling under conditions which were previously determined as detrimental. The rejection was varied if a strongly charged solid was deposited on the membrane.

Download Full-text

PENGARUH PROSES HIBRID KOAGULASI DUA TAHAP DAN MEMBRAN ULTRAFILTRASI POLISULFON TERHADAP PENYISIHAN BAHAN ORGANIK ALAMI AIR GAMBUT

Jukung (Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan) ◽

10.20527/jukung.v3i2.4031 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Raissa Rosadi ◽

Mahmud Mahmud ◽

Chairul Abdi

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Membrane Fouling ◽

Ultrafiltration Membrane ◽

Hybrid Process ◽

Optimum Dose ◽

Two Stage ◽

Optimum Pressure ◽

Jar Test ◽

Dead End

ABSTRAK Penyisihan kandungan bahan organik alami (BOA) pada air gambut dengan menggunakan membran ultrafiltrasi polisulfon mempunyai kendala berupa terjadinya fouling membran. Proses hibrid koagulasi satu tahap dan ultrafiltrasi diketahui hanya mampu menyisihkan kandungan BOA yang bersifat hidrofobik dan sebagian kandungan hidrofilik. Penggunaan koagulasi dua tahap diduga mampu mengurangi potensi fouling pada membran, serta lebih baik dalam menyisihkan kandungan BOA hidrofobik dan hidrofilik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis dan tekanan optimum pada proses hibrid koagulasi dua tahap dan UF-PSf dalam menyisihkan kandungan BOA air gambut, serta mengetahui pengaruh praperlakuan koagulasi dua tahap terhadap perubahan nilai fluks pada membran UF-PSf. Proses koagulasi menggunakan alat jar test dengan koagulan Al2(SO4)3. Sistem filtrasi pada membran UF-PSf menggunakan sistem aliran dead-end. Kondisi operasi optimum pada proses hibrid koagulasi dua tahap dan UF-PSf didapatkan pada dosis 175 mg/L dan tekanan filtrasi 3 bar dengan besar penyisihan BOA zat organik KMnO4 dan UV254 berturut-turut sebesar 97,32% dan 96,02%%. Praperlakuan koagulasi dua tahap memberikan pengaruh terhadap nilai fluks yang semakin besar pada proses hibrid koagulasi dua tahap dan UF-PSf. Nilai fluks pada tekanan optimum 3 bar yaitu sebesar 154,84 L/m2.jam. Kata kunci: Air gambut, bahan organik alami, fouling membran, koagulasi dua tahap, membran ultrafiltrasi polisulfon. ABSTRACT Removal of natural organic matter (NOM) on peat water by Polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane (UF-PSf) have some of promblem, namely membrane fouling. Hybrid process of one-stage coagulation and UF-PSf can remove hydrophobic and some hydrophilic content of NOM. Two stage coagulation was allegedly able to decrease membrane fouling, and better to remove hydrophobic and hydrophilic content of NOM. The purpose of this reseach is to find the optimum dose and pressure on two stage coagulation and UF-PSf hybrid process to remove NOM in peat water, and to known the effect of two stage coagulation pretreatment towards flux value changes on UF-PSf membranes. The coagulation process using jar test instrument with Al2(SO4)3 coagulant. The filtration system on the UF-PSf membrane using dead-end flow system. The optimum dose and pressure on hybrid process of two stage coagulation and UF-PSf is 175 mg/L and 3 bar with BOA removal of organic subtances KMnO4 and UV254 respectively amounted to 97,32% and 96,02%. Two stage coagulation pretreatment giving icreasing the flux value on two stage coagulation and UF-PSf hybrid process. The flux value of optimum pressure at 3 bar is 154,84L/m2.hours. Keywords: peat water, natural organic matter (NOM), fouling membrane, two stage coagulation, polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane.

Download Full-text