Air Drying Characteristics of Chili Pepper

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toyosi Y Tunde-Akintunde ◽  
Adeladun Ajala
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Page Model ◽  
Thin Layer Drying ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Drying Behaviour

The effect of pretreatments (water and steam blanching and by soaking in osmotic solutions of 60 and 70° brix) on drying behaviour of chili pepper dried at 60°C were investigated. During the experiments, the chili pepper was dried until there was no more water loss. The pre-treatment affected the course and rate of drying since the pretreated pepper dried faster than the untreated pepper and hence had a higher drying rate. The drying of the pepper occurred in the falling rate drying period. Four mathematical models were studied for the description of thin layer drying characteristics of the chili pepper. The models considered were the Newton, Henderson and Pabis, Logarithmic and Page model. Comparing the correlation coefficients (R2), chi-square (?2), mean bias error (MBE) and root mean square error (RMSE) values of the four models, it was concluded that the Page model represents the drying characteristics better than the other models.

Mathematical Modelling of Thin Layer Sun and Solar Drying of Cassava Chips

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toyosi Y Tunde-Akintunde
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Moisture Diffusivity ◽  
Solar Drying ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Page Model ◽  
Thin Layer Drying ◽  
Rate Period ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions

In this paper, the effect of sun and solar drying and pretreatment conditions (soaking in water; soaking in water and then blanching; blanching and then soaking) on the drying characteristics and kinetics of cassava chips were investigated. The drying time was shorter for samples pretreated by soaking only (SK) compared to the others. It was observed that pretreatment conditions and drying method significantly (P < 0.05) affected the drying rate. The drying for all experiments occurred in the falling rate period with no constant rate period. Four mathematical models were studied for the description thin layer drying characteristics of pretreated cassava chips. The models considered were the Henderson and Pabis, Newton, Logarithmic and the Page model. Comparing the correlation coefficients (R2), chi-square (c2) and root mean square error (RMSE) values of four models, it was observed that the highest values of R2 and lowest ?2 and RMSE were obtained using Page model. This shows that the Page model represents drying characteristics better than other models. The effective moisture diffusivity values were estimated from Fick’s diffusional model. These values obtained for solar dried samples were generally higher than those obtained for sun dried samples.

scholarly journals Drying characteristics and mathematical modelling of the drying kinetics of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Satimehin ◽  
M. O. Oluwamukomi ◽  
V. N. Enujiugha ◽  
M. Bello
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Thin Layer Drying ◽  
Model Equations ◽  
Drying Behaviour ◽  
Kinetics Of

This study was conducted to determine the drying characteristics of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) at 50, 60 and 70 °C.  Pleurotus ostreatus were cleaned and dried in a laboratory cabinet dryer. The drying data were fitted to six model equations namely Newton, Pabis and Henderson, Logarithmic, Two-term diffusion, Wang and Singh, as well as Modified Henderson and Pabis equations. The goodness of fit of the models were evaluated by means of the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and reduced chi-square (χ2). The Logarithmic model best describes the drying data and could be used to predict its drying behaviour. Keywords: oyster mushroom; thin-layer drying; characteristics; modelling

Modeling of Thin Layer Drying of Banana (Nendran Spp) under Microwave, Convective and Combined Microwave-Convective Processes

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magesh Ganesapillai ◽  
I. Regupathi ◽  
Thanapalan Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Thin Layer Drying

Drying kinetics of microwave, convective and microwave assisted convective drying of thin layer Nendran banana was investigated on a modified microwave oven. The drying characteristics through the operating parameters of the drying process, such as power output, air temperature, slice thickness and sample mass in terms of drying rate equation, were analyzed. An appropriate empirical model to represent the drying process was established by analyzing the available literature models with current experimental data. The statistical analysis for the selected model was performed, parameters like Mean Bias Error, Root Mean Square Error, reduced chi square and t-stat were estimated to examine the consistency of the model to represent the present experimental results. Higher rates and shorter drying times were achieved at a higher temperature and microwave heating power and lesser sample thickness and load. Microwave drying resulted in a substantial decrease in the drying time with better quality product when dried at higher power (300 W) level compared to other processes.

scholarly journals Thin-layer drying of sawdust mixture

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Górnicki ◽  
Agnieszka Kaleta ◽  
Andrzej Bryś ◽  
Radosław Winiczenko
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Infinite Plane ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Thin Layer Drying ◽  
Drying Models ◽  
Drying Behaviour ◽  
Effect Of The Composition ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Drying behaviour of sawdust mixture was investigated in a convective dryer at 0.01 m/s and 25, 60, and 150°C air temperature. Sawdust mixture (60% of spruce and 40% of the second ingredient: beech, willow, ash, alder) and sawdust of spruce, beech, willow, alder and ash was used in the drying experiments. The sawdust mixture drying was affected by the drying of its ingredients. The experimental drying data were fitted to the theoretical, semi–theoretical, and empirical thin-layer models. The accuracies of the models were measured using the correlation coefficient, root mean square error, and reduced chi–square. All semi-theoretical and empirical models described the drying characteristics of sawdust mixture satisfactorily. The theoretical model of a sphere predicts the drying of sawdust mixture better than the theoretical model of an infinite plane. The effect of the composition of the sawdust mixture on the drying models parameters were also taken into account.

Drying Kinetics of RDX under Vacuum Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 680-690
Author(s):  
Yao Xuan Zhang ◽  
Hou He Chen ◽  
Teng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Effective Diffusivity ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Absolute Pressure ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Thin Layer Drying

The drying characteristics of Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) are investigated in the ranges of 60-90°C of drying temperature under two vacuum conditions in a laboratory scale dryer. The effect of drying temperature and absolute pressure on the drying characteristics is determined. In order to estimate and select the suitable form of RDX drying curves, the curves are fitted to ten different semi-theoretical and/or empirical thin-layer drying models and coefficients are evaluated by non-linear regression analysis. The models are compared based on their coefficient of determination, such as mean bias error, root mean square error, reduced chi-square and modeling efficiency between experimental and predicted moisture ratios. It is deduced that Midilli-Kucuk model has shown a better fit to the experimental drying data as compared to other models. A diffusion model is used to describe the moisture transfer and the effective diffusivity for RDX drying is also determined at each temperature. Beside, the activation energy is also expressed using Arrhenius-type relationship under atmospheric pressure and vacuum conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of models for the dew point temperature determination

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (20) ◽  
pp. 241-257
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Górnicki ◽  
Radosław Winiczenko ◽  
Agnieszka Kaleta ◽  
Aneta Choińska
Keyword(s):  
Dew Point ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Point Temperature ◽  
Dew Point Temperature ◽  
Temperature Determination ◽  
The Mean

The accuracy of the available from the literature models for the dew point temperature determination was compared. The proposal of the modelling using artificial neural networks was also given. The experimental data were taken from the psychrometric tables. The accuracies of the models were measured using the mean bias error MBE, root mean square error RMSE, correlation coefficient R, and reduced chi-square χ2. Model M3, especially with constants A=237, B=7.5, gave the best results in determining the dew point temperature (MBE: -0.0229 – 0.0038 K, RMSE: 0.1259 – 0.1286 K, R=0.9999, χ2: 0.0159 – 0.0166 K2). Model M1 with constants A=243.5, B=17.67 and A=243.3, B=17.269 can be also considered as appropriate (MBE=-0.0062 and -0.0078 K, RMSE=0.1277 and 0.1261 K, R=0.9999, χ2=0.0163 and 0.0159 K2). Proposed ANN model gave the good results in determining the dew point temperature (MBE=-0.0038 K, RMSE=0.1373 K, R=0.9999, χ2=0.0189 K2).

Evaluation of the regression parameters of the Angstrom-Page model for predicting global solar radiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Agbo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
New Model ◽  
Page Model ◽  
Regression Parameters

A simple and empirical model for the estimation of average monthly global solar radiation for a Nigerian location is presented. Regression coefficients satisfying the Angstrom-page model have been obtained using clearness index (KT) and the relative sunshine data for the location. The test of validity of the model was done by evaluating the following statistical parameters: the mean bias error (MBE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean percentage error (MPE) and the correlation coefficient (CC). The results obtained from the statistical tests show that the new model is reliable for high precision estimation of global solar radiation. A comparison between the new model and other models is presented.

scholarly journals Some Aspects of the Modelling of Thin-Layer Drying of Sawdust

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bryś ◽  
Agnieszka Kaleta ◽  
Krzysztof Górnicki ◽  
Szymon Głowacki ◽  
Weronika Tulej ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Airflow Velocity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Thin Layer Drying ◽  
Drying Models

Drying of spruce, beech, willow, and alder sawdust was examined in a laboratory type dryer. The effect of drying air temperature T (25, 60, and 80 °C) and airflow velocity v (0.01, 0.15, and 1.5 m/s) was investigated. The obtained results demonstrated that drying air temperature and airflow velocity have impacts on the drying of sawdust. The experimental dehydration data of sawdust obtained were fitted to theoretical, semi-theoretical, and empirical thin-layer models. The accuracies of the models were estimated using the correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error (RMSE), and reduced chi-square (χ2). All models except the theoretical model of a sphere described the drying characteristics of sawdust satisfactorily. The effect of T and v on the parameters (constants and coefficients) of the drying models were determined. The effect, by the proposed equations, was also described. This work combines aspects of mechanical engineering and modelling of the drying process.

scholarly journals Mild Pretreatments to Increase Fructose Consumption in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Wine Yeast Strains

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129
Author(s):  
Hatice Aybuke Karaoglan ◽  
Filiz Ozcelik ◽  
Alida Musatti ◽  
Manuela Rollini
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Wine Yeast ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Mean Bias Error ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sigmoidal Model

The present research investigates the effect of different pretreatments on glucose and fructose consumption and ethanol production by four Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains, three isolated and identified from different wine regions in Turkey and one reference strain. A mild stress temperature (45 °C, 1 h) and the presence of ethanol (14% v/v) were selected as pretreatments applied to cell cultures prior to the fermentation step in synthetic must. The goodness fit of the mathematical models was estimated: linear, exponential decay function and sigmoidal model were evaluated with the model parameters R2 (regression coefficient), RMSE (root mean square error), MBE (mean bias error) and χ2 (reduced Chi-square). Sigmoidal function was determined as the most suitable model with the highest R2 and lower RMSE values. Temperature pretreatment allowed for an increase in fructose consumption rate by two strains, evidenced by a t90 value 10% lower than the control. One of the indigenous strains showed particular promise for mild temperature treatment (45 °C, 1 h) prior to the fermentation step to reduce residual glucose and fructose in wine. The described procedure may be effective for indigenous yeasts in preventing undesirable sweetness in wines.

scholarly journals INFRARED DRYING OF APRICOT POMACE

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Seda Kayran ◽  
Íbrahim Doymaz
Keyword(s):  
Type Equation ◽  
Moisture Diffusivity ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Infrared Drying ◽  
Thin Layer Drying ◽  
Apricot Pomace ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Kinetics Of

Effect of infrared powers (62, 74, 88, 104 and 125 W) on drying kinetics of apricot pomace was investigated. It is observed that drying characteristics of apricot pomace were greatly influenced by infrared power. Henderson and Pabis model was investigated for describing thin-layer drying of apricot pomace. The model because of the high coefficient of determination (R2) as well as the lowest reduced chi-square (c2) and root mean square error (RMSE) values adequately described the experimental data of apple pomace drying. Effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) values were increased by increasing infrared power and changed between 1.67×10-9 and 6.03×10-9 m2/s. Activation energy was estimated by a modified Arrhenius type equation and found to be 2.32 kW/kg. The colour results were affected by drying conditions.

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