scholarly journals The Global Effects of Subglobal Climate Policies

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Boehringer ◽  
Carolyn Fischer ◽  
Knut Einar Rosendahl
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carbon Leakage ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Relative Prices ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Allowance Allocation ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Carbon Prices

Abstract Individual countries are in the process of legislating responses to the challenges posed by climate change. The prospect of rising carbon prices raises concerns in these nations about the effects on the competitiveness of their own energy-intensive industries and the potential for carbon leakage, particularly leakage to emerging economies that lack comparable regulation. In response, certain developed countries are proposing controversial trade-related measures and allowance allocation designs to complement their climate policies. Missing from much of the debate on trade-related measures is a broader understanding of how climate policies implemented unilaterally (or subglobally) affect all countries in the global trading system. Arguably, the largest impacts are from the targeted carbon pricing itself, which generates macroeconomic effects, terms-of-trade changes, and shifts in global energy demand and prices; it also changes the relative prices of certain energy-intensive goods. This paper studies how climate policies implemented in certain major economies (the European Union and the United States) affect the global distribution of economic and environmental outcomes and how these outcomes may be altered by complementary policies aimed at addressing carbon leakage.

scholarly journals Analysis of the effectiveness of healthcare M&A transactions in developed countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Varvara Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Payment Method ◽  
Corporate World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Thesis Statement ◽  
Additional Value

The healthcare industry is a large and fast-growing segment of the corporate world, especially in developed countries. In the face of growing competition, healthcare companies inevitably resort to mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in order to accelerate their development. The objective of this study is to identify the creation of additional value for M&A deal participants in the healthcare industry in the United States and the European Union in 2008-2017. In this paper, we propose the following thesis statement: can healthcare companies expect excess returns from M&A deals? On average, M&A deals in the healthcare industry in developed countries create positive abnormal returns for acquiring companies and are efficient; a positive, significant impact on abnormal returns was found in the deal value of M&A deals, a negative significant impact was observed for deals conducted with the shares payment method and for acquiring companies with a larger number of employees.

Global experience in implementing electronic administrative services

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Yevhen A. Hetman ◽  
Viacheslav S. Politanskyі ◽  
Kateryna O. Hetman
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
Online Mode ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
General Scientific

One of the factors for the development of civil society in democratically developed countries is an effective, wellfunctioning institution for providing administrative electronic services. Despite the intensity and wide scope of research covering various aspects of providing electronic administrative services to the population, many issues in this area remain quite debatable, as well as understudied, which conditioned the relevance of the study. The study is aimed at investigating the specific features of implementing electronic administrative services in the practice of countries with the most developed e-government mechanisms. In the study of the problem, a set of general scientific and special methods of cognition was used, in particular, the leading methods were: dialectical, comparative legal, analysis, synthesis, interpretation. The study analysed criteria for evaluating electronic administrative services in the leading countries of the European Union and the United States. The study examines the basic electronic administrative services for citizens in online mode provided in the countries of the European Commonwealth. The study examines the global experience of implementing electronic administrative services in such countries as: USA; France; Great Britain; Germany; Estonia and Sweden. The author’s approach to defining the concept of electronic administrative services is formulated, based on a personal interpretation of this concept from the standpoint of general theoretical analysis. It is concluded that one of the best ways to encourage the provision of administrative services in electronic form in the countries of the European Union is to standardise their provision – the development of clear organisational and technical-technological rules and requirements, and their main position is that the provision of services through electronic means of communication should complement, and not replace other communication channels

Perspectives from Four Stages of Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-178
Author(s):  
Eleanor M. Fox ◽  
Mor Bakhoum
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The European Union ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Developed Countries

This chapter identifies four clusters of nations based on state of development, in order to highlight significant qualitative differences that may call for different law and policies. The first cluster comprises the least developed sub-Saharan African countries with the most resource-challenged competition authorities, such as Benin and Togo. The second cluster compromises nations that have advanced economically to a perceptibly higher level. The third cluster is a “group” of one—South Africa. With all of its challenges, the South African competition regime is as close to a gold standard as there is in sub-Saharan Africa. Finally, for comparison, the fourth cluster comprises the developed countries, led in particular by the European Union and the United States. These nations have open economies, fairly robust markets, good infrastructure, and good institutions. The chapter proceeds to identify, from the point of view of each of the clusters, the most fitting competition framework nationally and globally. The chapter proposes how the divergences can be brought into sympathy.

GENDER MOTIVES OF MEXICAN ENTREPRENEURS IN TWO LARGE URBAN SETTINGS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650020
Author(s):  
YVES ROBICHAUD ◽  
JEAN-CHARLES CACHON ◽  
JOSÉ BARRAGÁN CODINA ◽  
MARIO CÉSAR DAVILA AGUIRRE ◽  
ALFONSO LOPEZ LIRA ARJONA
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Start Up

The need for an income is cited by several studies as a primary motive for both formal and informal business start-up activities found in emerging countries. Conversely, entrepreneurs from developed countries enjoying more favorable economic conditions (such as the United States, Canada, or the European Union) are mainly motivated by intrinsic motives. Given the extant literature, it appeared important to determine which motivators were at play in larger Mexican urban centers, where economic conditions seemed to have become similar to those of Canada and the United States. No significant differences were observed between the motives of female as compared to male entrepreneurs from urban Mexico because a majority went into business primarily for economic reasons rather than for intrinsic motives. Knowing that Mexican entrepreneurs are mostly motivated by economic goals should help local governments in designing policies aimed at fostering and facilitating entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals O SETOR DE AGRONEGÓCIOS E ALGUNS DE SEUS DESAFIOS

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (Especial) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Cláudio José Donato ◽  
Eduardo de Lima Silva ◽  
Hualacy Guilherme Odilon do Nascimento ◽  
Irene da Silva Caires ◽  
Letícia Moreira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Biographical Research ◽  
Infrastructure Services ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

In view of the new Brazilian agribusiness scenario, this article aims to analyze, through a literature review, the challenges and perspectives for Brazilian agribusiness. The methodology adopted was a bi-biographical research. The theoretical considerations pointed out in this study demonstrate the Brazilian agribusiness is an activity that has great representativeness within the economy of the country. It has been shown that one of the challenges is to ensure greater participation in trade liberalization, with a greater counterpart of developed countries, such as the United States and the European Union, in order to gain greater access to international agroindustrial markets. Greater efficiency of public infrastructure services, especially the precariousness of road transport modes, are challenges for this sector. These studies conclude that there is a need to formulate public as well as private policies in order to make greater use of the subregion's potential in the subregion and to build sustainable and sustainable development

scholarly journals Kierunki ewolucji Unii Europejskiej na tle wyzwań globalnych

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Przemysław MIKIEWICZ
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Population ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Global Problems

The aim of the author is to present the possible consequences of any further intensification of the global problems which the European Union will have to stand up to, to a larger degree than before. Globalization has not created global problems, but it has contributed to their intensification. There are four groups of global issues that are of particular significance to globalization processes: (1) international security, (2) ecology, (3) demography, and (4) poverty and marginalization. Undoubtedly, the European Union is a ‘privileged’ region as it comprises safe states. Europe and the United States perceive the prevention of threats to be a common interest, which justifies the claim that the two partners are at least partially chained to each other. However, Europe is vulnerable to the consequences of global threats. In future, poor countries will blame developed countries for their problems, including those related to their natural environment. Adverse demographic trends will result in the European population growing older and there will be a decrease in the numbers of native Europeans. International relations may be destabilized in the long-term by the widening gap between the developed countries and developing ones, and by their feelings of being excluded from globalization processes. An alternative to this scenario could be provided by cohesive and active global policies on the part of the EU, however, it cannot change the adverse consequences of modern global trends by itself.

Managing IT Outsourcing for Digital Government

2010 ◽  
pp. 1916-1923
Author(s):  
Yu-Che Chen
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
It Outsourcing ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Service Contracts ◽  
The World

IT outsourcing has become an increasingly important strategy in meeting the demand for digital government services in many developed countries. In the United States, government IT outsourcing is expected to become the fastest-growing segment of the overall federal IT market.1 In 2002, the federal government spent US$55 billion on IT service contracts (Harris, 2003). The European Union also witnessed mega government IT outsourcing deals. One of the most visible deals is the British government’s National Health Service modernization plan, which features a host of multi-year IT outsourcing contracts whose total exceeds £5 billion (Collins, 2004). Government interest in IT outsourcing will likely be sustained by growing interest in creating value for citizens (Accenture, 2002). The confluence of many factors has made IT outsourcing an appealing option for governments around the world. Governments around the world are facing the challenge of delivering more services with fewer resources to meet the demands of their citizens and businesses. Information technology is able to increase efficiency in service production and delivery. However, alone, governments find it difficult to provide the financial resources and competitive wages which attract needed IT talent to deploy e-government services (National Academy of Public Administration, 2001). Against this background, outsourcing becomes a value proposition for government. With outsourcing, government can gain access to IT expertise while gaining efficiency derived from private-sector economies of scale. Nevertheless, good management is needed to realize IT outsourcing’s potential for creating value. This article focuses on IT outsourcing in the public sector, analyzing management issues, and offering practical solutions. The background section defines IT outsourcing as well as its associated benefits and risks. The next section offers a process-oriented practical methodology as a tool for public managers to navigate the entire life cycle of IT outsourcing projects. More importantly, this process provides a structured way to maximize benefits and minimize costs associated with IT outsourcing. Then, a discussion of future trends examines IT outsourcing issues on the horizon. This article concludes with a general set of recommendations.

Analysis of the Existent Problem and the Policy Suggestions for Chinese New Energy Industry

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 1967-1970
Author(s):  
Miao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Policy Suggestions ◽  
New Energy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Existent Problem ◽  
New Situation

After the Financial Crisis, to stave off recession, the United States, the European Union enacted and promulgated a series of policies, those developed countries not only put forward the development of new energy industry as avery important national economic strategy but also make the relevant laws and regulations and policies to ensure a favorable environment for new energy industry. In such a new situation, our country is vigorously promoting the development of new energy sources. But we also meet some problems in the process of develop. This paper discuss the issues regarding the policies and capital bottleneck that appears on the development of new energy industry, calls upon the Government to implement relevant policies of new energy industry as soon as possible and make effort to support the industry development

Death and Environmental Taxes: Why Market Environmentalism Fails in Liberal Market Economies

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert MacNeil
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
National Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Market Economies ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Political Traditions ◽  
Liberal Market Economies ◽  
Market Environmentalism ◽  
Carbon Prices

This article aims to explain why market-based climate policies (carbon levies and emissions trading) have had limited success at the national level in “liberal-market economies” like Australia, Canada, and the United States. This situation is paradoxical to the extent that market environmentalism is often thought to be a concept tailored to the political traditions and policy paradigms in these states. I argue this occurs because precisely in such economies, workers have been the least protected from the market and the effects of globalization, leading to a squeeze on incomes and public services, and providing fertile ground for a virulently antitax politics. When coupled with the disproportionately carbon-intensive lifestyles in these states and the strength of fossil fuel interests, it becomes extremely easy and effective for opponents of climate policy to frame carbon prices as an onerous tax on workers and families. The article explores how this strategy has functioned at a discursive level and considers what this situation implies for climate policy advocates in carbon-intensive, neoliberal polities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document