A BASIC RESEARCH ON A METHOD FOR ESTIMATING PUBLIC EMOTIONS ABOUT TRANSPORTATION POLICIES AFTER A LARGE-SCALE DISASTER USING SNS

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
Yoshiki WATANABE ◽  
Yusuke KANDA ◽  
Akimasa FUJIWARA
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Transportation Policies

scholarly journals Towards Repeatable, Scalable Graphene Integrated Micro-Nano Electromechanical Systems (MEMS/NEMS)

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Joon Hyong Cho ◽  
David Cayll ◽  
Dipankar Behera ◽  
Michael Cullinan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Electromechanical Systems ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
The Past ◽  
Integrated Devices ◽  
Graphene Devices ◽  
High Repeatability

The demand for graphene-based devices is rapidly growing but there are significant challenges for developing scalable and repeatable processes for the manufacturing of graphene devices. Basic research on understanding and controlling growth mechanisms have recently enabled various mass production approaches over the past decade. However, the integration of graphene with Micro-Nano Electromechanical Systems (MEMS/NEMS) has been especially challenging due to performance sensitivities of these systems to the production process. Therefore, ability to produce graphene-based devices on a large scale with high repeatability is still a major barrier to the commercialization of graphene. In this review article, we discuss the merits of integrating graphene into Micro-Nano Electromechanical Systems, current approaches for the mass production of graphene integrated devices, and propose solutions to overcome current manufacturing limits for the scalable and repeatable production of integrated graphene-based devices.

Gel-Immobilized Microarrays for the Study of Nucleic Acids and Proteins

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1018-1019
Author(s):  
Jordanka Zlatanova ◽  
Andrei Mirzabekov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Quantum Leap ◽  
Nucleotide Mutation ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
Almost All

Recently, a quantum leap has been achieved in the analysis of DNA and proteins through the advent of the biochip technology. This technology is a product of a broad interdisciplinary approach combining biochemical analysis, semiconductor manufacturing and computer software. Biochips can be defined as miniaturized ordered arrays of macro molecules or pieces thereof that are immobilized in a precise spatial manner on support media and can be used in highly automated, large-scale and high-throughput fashion to analyze biological material. The biochip can be used in a wide variety of areas related to basic research and can find versatile applications in almost all areas of human activities connected to biotechnology, medicine, agriculture, and environment monitoring and bioremediation.The power of the technology has already been demonstrated in areas like gene sequencing and proofreading, detection of single-nucleotide mutation and polymorphism, identification of genes, identification of viruses and microorganisms, gene expression analysis, analysis of sequencespecific ligands and proteins, and others.

scholarly journals THE STATIC QUARK-ANTIQUARK-POTENTIAL: A 'CLASSICAL' EXPERIMENT ON THE CONNECTION MACHINE CM-2

1993 ◽  
Vol 04 (06) ◽  
pp. 1167-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. SCHILLING ◽  
G. S. BALI
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Computing ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computer Experiment ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Connection Machine ◽  
Early Use ◽  
Static Quark ◽  
Classical Experiment

This meeting produces another evidence that present parallel computers are (a) real instruments of computational physics, (b) largely in the hands of still-pioneers, (c) efficiently promoted by basic research groups with large-scale computational needs. Progress in parallel computing is carried by two types of such groups, that either follow the build-it-yourself or the early-use strategies. In this contribution, we describe, as an example to the second approach, the Wuppertal university pilot project in applied parallel computing. We report in particular about one of our key applications in theoretical particle physics on the Connection Machine CM-2: a high statistics computer experiment to determine the static quark-antiquark potential from quenched quantum chromodynamics.

scholarly journals Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Dementia: A Hypothesis Generated but Not Adequately Tested

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 153331752110624
Author(s):  
Mishah Azhar ◽  
Lawrence Fiedler ◽  
Patricio S. Espinosa ◽  
Charles H. Hennekens
Keyword(s):  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Real World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities

We reviewed the evidence on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and dementia. PPIs are among the most widely utilized drugs in the world. Dementia affects roughly 5% of the population of the United States (US) and world aged 60 years and older. With respect to PPIs and dementia, basic research has suggested plausible mechanisms but descriptive and analytic epidemiological studies are not inconsistent. In addition, a single large-scale randomized trial showed no association. When the evidence is incomplete, it is appropriate for clinicians and researchers to remain uncertain. Regulatory or public health authorities sometimes need to make real-world decisions based on real-world data. When the evidence is complete, then the most rational judgments for individual patients the health of the general public are possible At present, the evidence on PPIs and dementia suggests more reassurance than alarm. Further large-scale randomized evidence is necessary to do so.

scholarly journals Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors beyond Glycemic Control—Focus on Myocardial SGLT1

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9852
Author(s):  
Alex Ali Sayour ◽  
Mihály Ruppert ◽  
Attila Oláh ◽  
Kálmán Benke ◽  
Bálint András Barta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Additional Benefit ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitors ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter

Selective sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduced the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients with or without type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in large-scale clinical trials. The exact mechanism of action is currently unclear. The dual SGLT1/2 inhibitor sotagliflozin not only reduced hospitalization for HF in patients with T2DM, but also lowered the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke, suggesting a possible additional benefit related to SGLT1 inhibition. In fact, several preclinical studies suggest that SGLT1 plays an important role in cardiac pathophysiological processes. In this review, our aim is to establish the clinical significance of myocardial SGLT1 inhibition through reviewing basic research studies in the context of SGLT2 inhibitor trials.

scholarly journals Talipes equinovarus or Clubfoot: A review of study approaches, management and trends in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadija Murtaza ◽  
Zahra Saleem ◽  
Sajid Malik
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Ponseti Method ◽  
Congenital Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
Public Health Action ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
Congenital Talipes

This paper aims to assess the status of scientific literature on talipes equinovarus (TEV) published from Pakistan, to get an insight into the trend in knowledge over the years, and to highlight study gaps in this area. A detailed review of published literature was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020. ‘Talipes/congenital talipes’, ‘clubfoot/congenital clubfoot’, ‘talipes equinovarus /congenital talipes equinovarus’ AND ‘Pakistan’ were used as key terms. Different search engines, PubMed, PakMediNet, ScienceDirect, Embase and Google Scholar were utilized to retrieve articles. A total of 63 articles were retrieved. The hotspot of TEV research in Pakistan has been its treatment and management. Over the years, treatment trend has shifted from operative to conservative; Ponseti method is predominantly employed. Hospital-based studies focusing on pediatric patients are common while population-based studies are devoid. In majority of cohorts, there is preponderance of male patients, idiopathic and unilateral cases. There is, however, scarcity of basic research on the prevalence, etiology, risk factors, clinical heterogeneity, associated anomalies, genetics, and molecular diagnostics of TEV. In conclusion, prudent scientific evidence is required for any policy-making and relevant public health action. Hence, large scale population-based studies are required for a broader overview and understanding the clinical spectrum of TEV. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2514 How to cite this:Murtaza K, Saleem Z, Malik S. Talipes equinovarus or Clubfoot: A review of study approaches, management and trends in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2514 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals A fully automated approach for quality control of cancer mutations in the era of high-resolution whole genome sequencing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Househam ◽  
William CH Cross ◽  
Giulio Caravagna
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

AbstractCancer is a global health issue that places enormous demands on healthcare systems. Basic research, the development of targeted treatments, and the utility of DNA sequencing in clinical settings, have been significantly improved with the introduction of whole genome sequencing. However the broad applications of this technology come with complications. To date there has been very little standardisation in how data quality is assessed, leading to inconsistencies in analyses and disparate conclusions. Manual checking and complex consensus calling strategies often do not scale to large sample numbers, which leads to procedural bottlenecks. To address this issue, we present a quality control method that integrates point mutations, copy numbers, and other metrics into a single quantitative score. We demonstrate its power on 1,065 whole-genomes from a large-scale pan-cancer cohort, and on multi-region data of two colorectal cancer patients. We highlight how our approach significantly improves the generation of cancer mutation data, providing visualisations for cross-referencing with other analyses. Our approach is fully automated, designed to work downstream of any bioinformatic pipeline, and can automatise tool parameterization paving the way for fast computational assessment of data quality in the era of whole genome sequencing.

Large-scale structure of spiral galaxies: problems old and new

1979 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton S. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Spiral Galaxies ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Large Scale Structure ◽  
Galactic Structure ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
History Of

Introductory remarks for IAU Symposium No. 84 are made. These include a brief history of previous symposia dealing with galactic structure, basic research problems in this area, and parallels regarding our galaxy which can be drawn from extragalactic research.

scholarly journals Towards next-generation diagnostics for tuberculosis: identification of novel molecular targets by large-scale comparative genomics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galo A Goig ◽  
Manuela Torres-Puente ◽  
Carla Mariner-Llicer ◽  
Luis M Villamayor ◽  
Álvaro Chiner-Oms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Tb Diagnostics

Abstract Motivation Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the main causes of death worldwide. The long and cumbersome process of culturing Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) bacteria has encouraged the development of specific molecular tools for detecting the pathogen. Most of these tools aim to become novel TB diagnostics, and big efforts and resources are invested in their development, looking for the endorsement of the main public health agencies. Surprisingly, no study has been conducted where the vast amount of genomic data available is used to identify the best MTBC diagnostic markers. Results In this work, we used large-scale comparative genomics to identify 40 MTBC-specific loci. We assessed their genetic diversity and physiological features to select 30 that are good targets for diagnostic purposes. Some of these markers could be used to assess the physiological status of the bacilli. Remarkably, none of the most used MTBC markers is in our catalog. Illustrating the translational potential of our work, we develop a specific qPCR assay for quantification and identification of MTBC DNA. Our rational design of targeted molecular assays for TB could be used in many other fields of clinical and basic research. Availability and implementation The database of non-tuberculous mycobacteria assemblies can be accessed at: 10.5281/zenodo.3374377. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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