scholarly journals POSSIBILITY STUDY OF IMPLEMENTING VERTICAL CONSTRUCTED WETLAND FOR DOMESTIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT IN URBAN KAMPONG

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Haryati Sutanto ◽  
Paulus Bawole
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Study Results

The Indonesian Ministry of Environment in 2014 released study results that 60-70% of rivers in Indonesia have been polluted by domestic wastewater, which is not treated properly. Improper and inadequate wastewater treatment not only pollutes water resources and damages ecosystems, but can also pose a significant public health risk. The development of spontaneous settlements in urban kampong makes the environmental quality within the settlements getting worse and many people consider that the area of urban kampong is not habitable. The efforts to treat wastewater before being discharged into water bodies are very important. The study of "vertical constructed wetland" model using water plants which are also ornamental plants can be considered as an alternative system for household wastewater treatment in kampong settlements.  The objective of the research is to develop an alternative model of wastewater treatment that can overcome the obstacles of implementing a wastewater treatment system in terms of cost and availability land. The result shows that the removal efficiency of BOD, phosphate and total coliform are 71.64%, 50,92% and 99.67% respectively. Since the research is still being conducted on a laboratory scale, the further study must be developed with real case studies in low income community settlements in Kampung Kota. Additionally this research can give suggestions to local government an alternative policy to implement domestic waste water treatment plan in a densely populated settlement along the riverbank in the city.

Electrophoresis in Membrane Separation Processes: From Lab to Field Scale Experiments

2006 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
G. Falk
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Specific Energy Input ◽  
Processing Scheme

In this paper results of electrophoretically activated processes for domestic wastewater treatment in lab and field scale experiments are presented. The principal mechanisms of non-membrane and membrane based electrokinetic solid liquid separation by electrophoresis are described. In the case of non-membrane based electrokinetic wastewater treatment a modular processing scheme is suggested in order to achieve economically and ecologically suitable processing conditions based on colloidal wastewater characteristics. In the case of membrane based electrokinetic waste water treatment an effective anti-membrane fouling process is designed controlled by colloidal characteristics of the wastewater, especially zetapotential, as well as external field parameters and microfiltration module geometries. The specific energy input of the membrane based and non-membrane based electrophoretic waste water treatment methodologies are compared and future perspectives of electrokinetic activated waste water purification processes are proposed.

Water reuse for irrigation from waste water treatment plants with seasonal varied operation modes

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cornel ◽  
B. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plants

Irrigation periods are usually limited to vegetation periods. The quality requirements for treated wastewater for disposal and for reuse are different. The reuse of water for irrigation allows partly the reuse of the wastewater's nutrients (N and P). Outside the irrigation period the water must be treated for disposal, thus nutrient removal is often required in order to avoid detrimental effects on the receiving surface water body. Only wastewater treatment plants with different operation modes for different seasons can realise these requirements. The nitrification is the most sensitive biological process in the aerobic wastewater treatment process. At low water temperatures the nitrifying bacteria need several weeks to re-start full nitrification after periods without NH4-removal. Therefore it is necessary to develop options for waste water treatment plants which allow a fast re-start of the nitrification process. Based on theoretical considerations and computer simulations of the activated sludge treatment process, one possibility for implementing a wastewater treatment plant with different seasonal operation modes is evaluated.

High Performance and N & P-Removable On-Site Domestic Waste Water Treatment System by Multi-Soil-Layering Method

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wakatsuki ◽  
H. Esumi ◽  
S. Omura
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Water Treatment System ◽  
Soil Layering

Multi-Soil-Layering (MSL) method was applied to make appropriate, but high performance and N & P-removable, on-site domestic waste water treatment system. The MSL soil unit is composed from soil layer mixed with 10∼25% of metal iron and pelletized jute. The MSL units were piled in a brick pattern at 5cm vertical and 10cm horizontal distance, which were surrounded by layers of Zeolite. Air can be supplied through porous pipes installed at adequate depths of the MSL system. The systems were tested using model houses. The waste waters, which were pretreated by septic tank to the level of SS 29-75, BOD 42-116, COD 32-56, T-N 29-86, and T-P 6-11 mg−l−1 respectively, could be treated at the rate of 100-850 1·m−2·d−1 without significant clogging. The mean concentrations of treated waters were SS 15, BOD 8.7, COD 11, T-N 6.8, and T-P 0.86 mg·1−1 respectively. Zeolite layers and brick pattern prevent clogging. Metal iron and jute pellets were effective to remove Phosphate and Nitrate. Intensive aeration assists decomposition of BOD, COD, and SS as well as nitrification, but decreases denitrif ication and phosphate fixation. The degree of purification could be controlled by setting adequate aeration.

scholarly journals Efficiency of application of the microbiological method of waste water treatment to remove hexamethylendiamine

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Valeriia Lytvynenko ◽  
◽  
Alina Dychko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Microbiological Method ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Nutrition Source

Wastewater contaminated with hexamethylenediamine (HMD), which is discharged into natural reservoirs, causes damage and loss of hydrobionts, worsens the quality of water which becomes unsuitable for use. For wastewater treatment from HMD, the possibility of applying bacterial cultures-destructors which use the HMD as a nutrition source is considered.

scholarly journals ENZYMATIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT

World Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancey Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Physico Chemical

Enzymes are biocatalysts provided by cells and are used in most metabolic methods. Most enzymes are consisting of proteins containing tertiary amino acid which bind to co enzyme or metal ions. Enzymes are accelerating biochemical processes by some mechanisms to chemical catalysts e.g metals, metal oxides and metal ions. Enzymes can be very effective under conditions e.g (temperature, atmospheric pressure and PH). Many enzymes have hydrolyzing, oxidizing and reducing characters. Enzymatic reactions always provide less side effects reactions and fewer waste by products. That is why microbial Enzymes can give an effective and environmental safe alternatives as metabolic inorganic chemical catalysts which can be used in all over pharmaceutical industrial processes. Enzymes are used in waste water treatment. Treatment technologies depend on physico-chemical approaches in wastewater treatment plants which require skills, high operation costs (in terms of high energy and chemical demand). Wastewater treatment is operated to protect the quality of limited freshwater resources, which are most times the final discharge points of effluents, and also, to promote the reusability of expended clean water; amounts of hazardous aromatic byproducts are still generated [3, 4]. The observation shows that wastewater treatment plants, though liable to remove microcontaminants such as heavy metals, and to a far lesser extent, aromatic contaminants, were originally structured for the removal of solid wastes, ecofriendly organic matter and eutrophication stimulants from wastewater, thereby reducing eutrophicating pollution loads; the micropollutants may only be moderately affected by the chemical, physical and biological interactions within the treatment plants.

scholarly journals APLIKASI MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR (MBR) UNTUK PROSES DAUR ULANG AIR LIMBAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taty Hernaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Recycled Waste

The population is growing rapidly result to increased demand for drinking water while the other side of this situation causes to the increasing amount of wastewater. Waste water treatment plant has been built in several major cities in Indonesia to overcome the problem of pollution.  Wastewater treatment plant only treats wastewater to tackle environmental pollution without being able to overcome the shortage of clean water community. Therefore, to solve the existing problems will be considered any further processing with recycled waste water treatment. One technology that may be developed for this purpose is the system of Membrane Bioreactor (MBR). This has been widely applied as an advanced unit of wastewater treatment and serves as a unit of processing recycled waste water. The MBR system has advantages such as: it only takes a little bit of land, can treat wastewater with discharge varying quality and process wastewater with high pollutant removal efficiency. MBR were investigated using a membrane filter submerged in the reactor. Membrane module is hollow fiber with a form of polymeric membrane materials. Research has been done on wastewater treatment with a combination of conventional WWTP as preliminary and advanced processing unit with MBR since March 4, 2014 until June 2014. The effluent quality  of result research proved that  the treated water quality meets  water quality standards are set with  Permenkes RI N0.416/Menkes/Per/IX/1990, dated 3 September 1990. The nitrification and denitrification also proceed well so that the concentration of nitrite and nitrate meet the quality standards. In addition, the percentage removal of heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, selenium, lead) can reach 99%. Keywords: MBR, wastewater reuse, BOD5, COD, HRT dan SRT

scholarly journals Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik Menggunakan Kombinasi Settlement Tank dan Fixed-Bed Coloumn Up-Flow

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Khalimatus Sa’diyah ◽  
Muchamad Syarwani ◽  
S. Sigit Udjiana
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Sand Beds

Air limbah domestik yang memiliki kadar BOD, COD, TSS, Turbidity dan pH tinggi menjadi salah satu penyebab pencemaran air. Sehingga perlu adanya pengolahan lebih lanjut sebelum dibuang ke sungai atau badan air. Salah satu pengolahan air limbah yang bisa digunakan adalah kombinasi settlement tank dan fixed-bed coloumn up-flow. Alat ini dipilih karena harganya terjangkau, bahan mudah didapat dan peralatannya mudah dioperasikan. Tujuan utama penelitian ini untuk menurunkan kadar turbidity, TSS dan BOD. Penurunan parameter ini dipengaruhi oleh waktu settlement tank, waktu pengontakkan effluent dan tinggi unggun pasir. Hasil penelitian pada settlement tank secara aerob didapatkan persen penurunan turbidity, TSS dan BOD  yang tertinggi pada settlement tank 6 hari dengan nilai 48,21%; 75,27% dan 52,84 %. Pada alat fixed-bed coloumn up-flow secara kontinyu dengan waktu aerasi settlement tank 6 hari didapatkan persen penurunan turbidity yang tertinggi pada tinggi unggun pasir 20 cm sebesar 18,57%, sedangkan  persen penurunan TSS dan BOD yang paling tinggi pada tinggi unggun pasir 30 cm yaitu 41,46% dan 11,23%.Domestic waste water is one of the causes of water pollution. Domestic waste water has high levels of BOD, COD, TSS, Turbidity and pH. Therefore, it need futher processing so that the conditions is safe when discharged in river or lake. One of waste water treatment is combination of settlement tank and fixed-bed coloumn up-flow. This equipment is selected because the price is affordable, materials and equipment can be obtained, and easy to operate. The main purpose of this study is to decrease levels of turbidity, TSS and BOD. Decreased parameters are affected by time of seetlement tank, time of effluent contact and high of sand beds. Result of research on settelement tank aerob obtained highest percentage of turbidity, TSS and BOD decrease in 6 day settlement tank with value 48.21%, 75.27% and 52.84%. In a continuous fixed-bed coloumn up-flow with aeration time,  6-day in settlement tank, obtained the highest percentage of turbidity reduction at 20 cm sand bed height of 18.57%, while the highest percentage of TSS and BOD reduction in sand bed height was 30 cm is 41.46% and 11.23%.

Trends in domestic waste water treatment in Sweden

Desalination ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 98 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bemt Ericsson ◽  
Bengt Hallmans
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Domestic Waste
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