scholarly journals IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF ANTHELMINTIC AND ALPHA-AMYLASE INHIBITION OF SCHLEICHERA OLEOSA (LOUR.) OKEN LEAF EXTRACTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 487
Author(s):  
Shambaditya Goswami ◽  
Ravindra Pal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Schleichera Oleosa

Objective: The present study deals with the effects of Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken leaf extracts on helminths and alpha-amylase inhibition. Identification of phytochemicals and physicochemical analysis were also performed.Methods: Different concentrations (25, 50, and 100 mg/ml) of petroleum ether, acetone, chloroform, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of the leaf were used to examine the effects. For the evaluation of in vitro anthelmintic activity, several earthworms (Eisenia fetida, Perionyx excavates, and Pheretima posthuma) and nematode (Ascaridia galli) were taken, while albendazole was used as a standard drug and Tween 80 (3%) in normal saline (0.9% NaCl) was considered as a control treatment. In vitro alpha-amylase inhibition of different extracts (10–100 mg/ml) was done spectrophotometrically by dinitrosalicylic acid - starch azure method.Results: The ethanolic extract showed the maximum presence of phytochemicals among all the extracts, which included alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponin glycosides, phenolic compounds, resins, and amino acids. The outcomes of the determination of physicochemical parameters and fluorescence characters provided the satisfactory results. Significant anthelmintic activity was established by the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the leaf among all the extracts and the responses, so observed, were dose responsive. Inhibition of alpha-amylase by ethanolic and aqueous extracts was significant with the IC50 value of 36.63 and 73.94 μg/ml, respectively, when compared to standard acarbose.Conclusion: The ethanolic extract was the more potent candidate for both the effects, and the effect of extract was best against A. galli, P. posthuma, and E. fetida at higher concentration. Isolation and characterization of therapeutic constituents would be the future interest.

scholarly journals In vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Leaf Extracts of Adhatoda vasica Nees (Acanthaceae) Against Eudrilus eugeniae

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-155
Author(s):  
Somnath D Bhinge ◽  
Prachi Desai ◽  
Chandrakant S Magdum
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Eudrilus Eugeniae ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Adhatoda Vasica ◽  
Standard Drug

The present study specifically indicated that the crude ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Adhatoda vasica Nees produced anthelmintic activity against african earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae. Various concentrations (10, 25, 50 mg/ml) of aqueous and ethanolic extracts were evaluated in the bioassay involving determination of time of paralysis (P) and time of death (D) of the worms. Albendazole was used as standard anthelmintic drug and distilled water was used as negative control. The results of the present study indicated that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts significantly exhibited paralysis of worms in lower doses (10, 25 and 50 mg/ml) and also caused death of worms at higher concentration of 50 mg/ml, as compared to standard drug. Further studies are in process to isolate the active principle responsible for the activity.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 14(2): 153-155, 2015 (December)

scholarly journals Effectiveness of flor-de-seda and pomegranate aqueous extracts on eggs of the Heterakoidea Superfamily isolated from naturally infected japanese quails

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Araujo BRANDÃO ◽  
David Rwbystanne Pereira da SILVA ◽  
Giuliana Garcia DINIZ ◽  
Vinícius Longo Ribeiro VILELA
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Similar Action ◽  
Japanese Quails

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of flor-de-seda (Calotropis procera S.W.) and pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) extracts on gastrointestinal nematode eggs of Japanese quails. Stool samples were collected from a herd of 5,000 adult birds raised on the floor at a commercial farm in the state of Ceará, Brazil. The samples were packed in plastic bags, kept refrigerated and transported for laboratory analysis. The eggs were placed in 2.5 ml of the suspension and 2.5 ml of flor-de-seda and pomegranate extracts in concentrations of 50; 25; 12.5; 6.25 and 3.12%. Readings were subsequently taken at 24, 48 and 72 hours. The aqueous pomegranate extract at 25 and 50% was more efficient on the larvae hatching. The flor-de-seda aqueous extract in both concentrations and evaluation periods showed similar action to that of the positive control treatment (Albendazole 10%). The pomegranate and flor-de-seda aqueous extracts have anthelmintic activity on the development of larvae in eggs of the Heterakoidea Superfamily and are therefore presented as an alternative to replace the drugs commonly used to control helminths in Japanese quails.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF CHLORIS BARBATA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Niharika M. ◽  
Harshitha V. ◽  
Ashwini P. ◽  
Srivinya B. ◽  
Himabindhu J. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Crude Plant Extract ◽  
Chloris Barbata

Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro antiurolithiatic activity of the medicinal plant Chloris barbata.Methods: The crude plant extract was prepared by Soxhlet extraction method.Results: Both Ethanolic and Aqueous extracts showed their maximum efficiencies in the dissolution of calcium oxalate crystals. Ethanolic extract was even more efficient than Aqueous extract in the dissolution of calcium oxalate crystals. Our results have clearly indicated that the Aqueous and Ethanolic leaf extracts of Chlorisbarbata were quite promising for further studies in this regard. In this study, Neeri was used as standard drug.Conclusion: This study has given primary evidence for Chloris barbata as the plant which possess antiurolithiatic property.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF TWO PLANT EXTRACTS ON DIABETES MELLITUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Jose Deepa ◽  
N. A. Aleykutty ◽  
Harindran Jyoti
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective: To investigate the anti-diabetic activity of combined ethanolic extracts (1:1mixture) of dry leaves of Syzygium cumini and Psidium guajava belonging to the family Myrtaceae as well as to compare the anti-diabetic activity of these plants by in vitro methods.Methods: In vitro glucose uptake assay was performed on cultured L6 cell lines (rat myoblast cell line) and estimated the glucose uptake using high sensitivity glucose oxidase kit. In vitro alpha amylase inhibitory assay was performed on porcine alpha amylase and the absorbance was measured at 540 nm using a microplate reader. Acarbose was used as the standard in both the methods.Results: At a concentration of 100µg/ml the percentage glucose uptake by the combined ethanolic extract (1:1 mixture) of Syzygium cumini and Psidium guajava leaves was 43.95 while for acarbose the corresponding value was 51.71. At 100 μg/ml the percentage of glucose uptake by Syzygium cumini and Psidium guajava was 27.62 and 22.17 respectively. The percentage inhibition of alpha amylase by the combined ethanolic extract (1:1 mixture) of Syzygium cumini and Psidium guajava leaves at a concentration of 1000 µg/ml was 36.51 and it was 29.26 for Syzygium cumini and 23.43 for Psidium guajava. For acarbose the percentage inhibition of alpha amylase was 73.82 at the concentration of 1000 µg/ml.Conclusion: The combined extract of the leaves of the plants selected was found to be more effective than individual plant extracts against diabetes. The percentage glucose uptake of the combined extract was found to be closer to that of the standard drug acarbose. On comparison of two plants Syzygium cumini was found to be more active against diabetes than Psidium guajava. As the 1:1 mixture of the ethanolic extract is found to be more active, the combination of the two plants can be used to formulate drugs for treating diabetes.

scholarly journals Comparative study of analgesic effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts with aspirin on experimental animals

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2096
Author(s):  
Prashanth Kumar Patnaik ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Majeed ◽  
Bhuvaneshwari . ◽  
Laksmi Kameswari ◽  
M. B. Niharika
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Heated Plate ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Moringa oleifera is highly valued with a wide range of medicinal uses. It is abundantly available in tropical and sub-tropical countries. It has been used as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory in Indian folk medicine since centuries. The mechanism of action of analgesic effect is by the phytochemical components of its leaves which contain alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, saponins and tannin.Methods: This experiment is carried out in mice by using the thermal method of analgesiometer, that is Eddy’s Hot Plate method. Thermostatically controlled electrically heated plate is used in this method. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts are compared with aspirin.Results: When the analgesic properties of the standard drug aspirin were compared to the analgesic properties of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Moringa oleifera, the ethanolic extract showed a comparable analgesic effect with aspirin at 90min. Among these two extracts, the ethanolic extract showed a higher response than aqueous extract.Conclusions: When the analgesic properties of the standard drug aspirin were compared to the analgesic properties of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Moringa oleifera, the ethanolic extract showed a comparable analgesic effect with aspirin at 90min. Among these two extracts, the ethanolic extract showed a higher response than aqueous extract.

scholarly journals SCREENING OF PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENT AND IN VITRO BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF CANTHIUM DICOCCUM (GAERTN.) AND AMISCHOPHACELUS AXILLARIS (L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
MEGHASHREE K S ◽  
LATHA K P ◽  
VAGDEVI H M ◽  
AJISH A D ◽  
JAYANNA N D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Biological Investigation ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Percent Inhibition

Objective: The objective of the study was to study the pet ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanol leaf extracts of Canthium dicoccum and Amischophacelus axillaris for anthelmintic activity and antihypertensive activity. Methods: The antihypertensive activity was carried out by employing a colorimetric assay based on the hydrolysis of Histidyl-Hippuryl-Leucine and anthelmintic activity carried out against Indian earthworm Pheritimaposthuma. Results: The pet ether leaf extract both the plants exhibited the maximum antihypertensive activity with a percent inhibition of 64.82 for C. dicoccum (Gaertn.) and 84.12 for A. axillaris (L.) as compared with Captopril showing percent inhibition 85.37 and for anthelmintic activity, it is found that ethanol extract of C. dicoccum and ethyl acetate extract of A. axillaris exhibited significant activity against the standard drug albendazole. Conclusion: This study investigated the potential of C. dicoccum and A. axillaris as a new source against the antihypertensive activity. The outcome of anthelmintic activity revealed that the ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts exhibited a considerable amount of anthelmintic activity, which is mainly due to the active phytoconstituents present in the extracts.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, antimicrobial and nutritional properties of Morinda lucida benth and Nauclea latifolia leaf extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Enabulele ◽  
Oluwatosin Amusa ◽  
Eseosa Uwadiae
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Nauclea Latifolia

The leaves of two medicinal plants namely; Morinda lucida and Nauclea latifolia were investigated for their antibacterial, mineral and phytochemical properties. Results of the study showed that the aqueous and ethanolic extract of the two leaves had significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes and Proteus mirabilis. The biologically active constituents present in the extracts were cardiac glycosides, tannins, saponin, coumarins, reducing sugar, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids and flavonoids. The percentage yield extracts of the respective plants were Morinda lucida leaves 12.9% for ethanol and 9.0% for aqueous extracts while Nauclea latifolia had 12.1% for ethanol and 8.4% for aqueous extracts. Results of the antibacterial activity analysis revealed that the ethanolic extracts of the two medicinal plants at different concentrations were more active against the test organisms named above than the aqueous extracts. The MIC values for the ethanolic extracts ranged between 25.0 and 100.0 mg/ml while that of aqueous extract ranged between 50.0 and 100.0 mg/ml. The MBC values for ethanolic extract ranged between 50.0 and 100mg/ml while that of aqueous extracts also ranged between 50.0 and 100mg/ml. Analysis of the mineral content of the plant leaves shows that they were rich in potassium and calcium. This study confirms that the leaf extracts have some reasonable level of antimicrobial activity and appreciable amounts of mineral content which could be beneficial to human health. The findings from this work can be further exploited for isolation and characterization of novel Phytochemical compounds which could be used in the treatment of infectious diseases especially in light of the emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms and the need to produce new effective antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals IN VITRO STUDIES TO ASSESS THE ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL OF SCHLEICHERA OLEOSA (LOUR) OKEN LEAVES

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soundararajan Muthukrishnan ◽  
Sivakkumar T
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Schleichera Oleosa ◽  
In Vivo Animal Model ◽  
Qualitative Assay

 Objective: The aim of this research is to establish the antidiabetic properties of sequential extracts of Schleichera oleosa (lour) Oken leaves thru α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory assay.Methods: The extracts of S. oleosa (Lour) Oken were prepared by continuous hot percolating the dried powder of the plant leaves. The various solvents were used for the extraction and qualitative assay for the phytochemical test using standard protocols. Different concentration (1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 25, and 50 mg/ml) of sequential extracts of S. oleosa leaves were used to assess the in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory assay by Bernfeld and Apostolidis method.Results: In the α-amylase assay, the ethanolic extract produced 52.76% inhibition at 4 mg/ml concentration, but in ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts case 50% inhibition attained only at the concentration of 50 mg/ml, and acarbose 0.9 mg/ml was found 89.24% inhibition. In the α-glucosidase assay, the all extracts show the decent inhibitory effect in 50 mg/ml. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts exhibited a higher inhibitory effect 72.64% and 59.44% than other extracts at the concentration of 50 mg/ml, respectively, while acarbose 0.9 mg/ml was producing 86.24% inhibition. This result indicates that the inhibition of ethanolic and aqueous extracts on the activity from α-amylase and α-glucosidases is much more potent than that of other extracts.Conclusion: This study revealed that ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed the high content of polyphenols and flavonoids, which was blamed for the α-amylase and α-glucosidases inhibition. Hence, it deserved to elucidate specific components and to evaluate the antidiabetic effect using in vivo animal model.

IN VITRO ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF ARTEMISIA MARITIMA LINN.

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (08) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
M. M Hayat ◽  
◽  
S Sharma ◽  
D Vashishth ◽  
R. Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Artemisia Maritima

Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the flower heads of Artemisia maritima Linn. were evaluated for anthelmintic activity on Indian earthworms Pheritima posthuma, using albendazole as reference standard. The extracts caused paralysis followed by death of the worms at all tested dose levels. Ethanolic extract was found to be more potent than the reference control albendazole. The result supports the traditional claims of Artimisia maritime as a powerful anthelmintic.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CENTELLA ASIATICA LINN. IN INDIAN ADULT EARTHWORMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
SWAGATA DATTA ◽  
GEETANJALI NINGTHOUJAM ◽  
CHRISTINA ZOSANGPUII ◽  
PAONAM SHYAMASAKHI ◽  
NAMEIRAKPAM MEENA
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Gum Acacia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Higher Doses

Objective: Helminthiasis is one of the most prevalent parasitic infestations worldwide posing a major threat to public health. The control of these nematodes has relied largely on the use of a limited number of anthelmintics. However, emerging resistance and side effects to the currently available anthelmintic drugs is a major concern and discovery of newer anthelmintics with a novel mode of action is the need of the hour. The present study is aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of ethanolic extract of Centella asiatica Linn. (EECA) on Indian earthworms (Pheretima posthuma). Methods: The earthworms were divided into 4 groups with 6 worms in each group. The anthelmintic activity of EECA at two different concentrations (25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml) was evaluated by assessing the time of paralysis and time of death of the worms. Albendazole was used as standard and 2% gum acacia as control. Results: Albendazole at 25 mg/ml showed the highest anthelmintic activity and had significant difference (p<0.001) with EECA at both 25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml. Conclusion: Both doses of the test drug showed anthelmintic activity but the extract at either dose was found to be less effective than the standard drug. Further studies with higher doses of the extract should be done to evaluate the anthelmintic activity in a dose-dependent manner.

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