scholarly journals Pancreato-protective PANCREATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SILYMARIN ON OXIDATIVE STRESS IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED HYPERGLYCEMIA IN MALE WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
UMA NARAYANAMURTHY ◽  
SYLVIA SANTHAKUMARI A ◽  
NIRMALA P
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Objective: The objective of the study was to study the silymarin’s pancreatoprotective effect in alloxan-induced Type I diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies have evidence to prove the fact that antioxidant defense mechanism of flavonoids has overcome the progression of chronic diabetic complications. Methods: A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=6): Group I normal control, Group II, Group III, and Group IV were induced diabetes with alloxan. Group I and Group II diabetic rats received the vehicle (PO). Group III was treated with silymarin 400 mg/kg (PO). Group IV was treated with glibenclamide 0.5 mg/kg, per orally for 21 days. Fasting blood samples were collected from all four groups of animals at the end of 21 days to evaluate serum glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Pancreatic tissue extraction, to perform lipid peroxidation and histopathological study confirms the level of oxidative damage to tissues and recovery after treatment. Results: The serum glucose and HbA1c levels significantly increased in untreated diabetic rats, also a significant rise in lipid peroxidation and necrosis of beta cells in the pancreatic tissue. The rise in serum glucose levels was ameliorated in rats treated with silymarin, pancreatic tissue showed increased antioxidant levels, decreased lipid peroxides, and minimal changes and signs of regeneration of beta cells. Conclusion: This study adds experimental evidence to the fact that silymarin is an effective nutritional supplement to treasure pancreatic beta-cell reserve and to delay diabetic complications.

scholarly journals Effects of Atrazine on Reproductive Health of Nondiabetic and Diabetic Male Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Babu Jestadi ◽  
Alugoju Phaniendra ◽  
Undru Babji ◽  
Bhavatharini Shanmuganathan ◽  
Latha Periyasamy
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Nonsignificant Decrease

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of low dose of atrazine on reproductive system of male Wistar rats. 16 rats were divided into four groups of four animals each. Group I (nondiabetic) and group III (diabetic) animals served as controls that received safflower oil (300 μL/kg bw/day), respectively. Group II (nondiabetic) and group IV (diabetic) animals received atrazine (300 μg/kg bw/day). Nonsignificant decrease in the activities of antioxidant and steroidogenic enzymes and sperm parameters suggests that atrazine did not produce any effect on reproductive system of rats. Histological findings also revealed that atrazine at a dose of 300 μg/kg bw did not produce any testicular toxic effects in nondiabetic and diabetic atrazine treated rats. Low dose of atrazine did not show reproductive toxicity in rats. To know the effects of atrazine in diabetic rats further studies have to be carried out with increased concentration of atrazine.

scholarly journals Quality of Live Improvement Antituberculosis Consumer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Jumasni Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group Ii

Antituberculosis is the most liver damage causes. Rifampicin and Isoniazide, in combination, are toxic compounds. Isoniazide and rifampicin metabolits causes lipid peroxidation. The hepatoprotective effect of rosella calyx water extract on liver damage induced with Isoniazide-rifampicin evaluated by examination of malondialdehid levels in the liver organ. 25 male wistar rats divided into 5 groups, ie group I (INH-rifampicin + rosella water extract 250 mg/kgBW), group II (INH-rifampicin + rosella water extract 125 mg/kgBW), group III (INH-rifampicin + rosella water extract 62.5 mg/kgBW),  group IV (healthy control) and group V (Isoniazide-rifampicin). MDA liver levels were analyzed after 35 days of treatments. The test results of each group are, group I has mean MDA levels 0.023912 + 0.011 mg/ml, group II 0.023526 + 0.009 mg/ml, group III 0.027168 + 0.007 mg/ml group IV 0.03437 + 0.009 mg/ml and group V 0.236846 + 0.118 mg/ml. The kruskal-wallis test showed significantly value 0.008 (p 0.05) and Post hoc Mann U whitney test showed that group V was significantly different to group I, II, III, and IV (p = 0.008) respectively, roselle extract can be used as a hepatoprotector antioxidant to improve the tuberculosis drug consumer quality of life through improved health by lowering lipid peroxidation that causes liver damage.

scholarly journals Diosmin Alleviates Doxorubicin-Induced Liver Injury via Modulation of Oxidative Stress-Mediated Hepatic Inflammation and Apoptosis via NfkB and MAPK Pathway: A Preclinical Study

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1998
Author(s):  
Abdullah F. AlAsmari ◽  
Metab Alharbi ◽  
Faleh Alqahtani ◽  
Fawaz Alasmari ◽  
Mohammed AlSwayyed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Preclinical Study ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Pre Treatment

Hepatotoxicity caused by chemotherapeutic drugs (e.g., doxorubicin) is of critical concern in cancer therapy. This study focused on investigating the modulatory effects of diosmin against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group I was served as control, Group II was treated with doxorubicin (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p.), Group III was treated with a combination of doxorubicin and low-dose diosmin (100 mg/kg orally), and Group IV was treated with a combination of doxorubicin and high-dose diosmin (200 mg/kg orally) supplementation. A single dose of doxorubicin (i.p.) caused hepatic impairment, as shown by increases in the concentrations of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Doxorubicin produced histological abnormalities in the liver. In addition, a single injection of doxorubicin increased lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Importantly, pre-treatment with diosmin restored hepatic antioxidant factors and serum enzymatic activities and reduced the inflammatory and apoptotic-mediated proteins and genes. These findings demonstrate that diosmin has a protective effect against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of concurrent exposure of lower concentrations of lead and endosulfan on apoptosis by scatter pattern of flow cytometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-297
Author(s):  
V Ranganathan ◽  
◽  
Jitendra Kumar Malik ◽  
GS Rao ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The effect of repeated exposure of lower doses of lead and endosulfan were evaluated on apoptosis in male wistar rats. Rats of group I served as untreated control. Group II received drinking water with lead as lead acetate @100 ppm (Pb100). Group III was given feed containing technical grade endosulfan @ 10 ppm (E10). Group IV was exposed to Pb (100) +E (10). Splenocytes were analysed for estimating apoptotic percentage in rats. The results suggest that apoptotic percentage was not changed in the lower doses of endosulfan and lead when administered alone and also in combination in the present study

scholarly journals Effect of concurrent exposure of toxic concentrations of lead and endosulfan on oxidative stress indices in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Ranganathan V ◽  
◽  
Malik JK ◽  
Rao GS ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Toxic Concentrations

The effect of concurrent exposure of toxic concentrations of lead and endosulfan were evaluated on oxidative stress parameters in male wistar rats. Group I served as untreated control whereas Group II received drinking water containing lead as lead acetate @1000 ppm (Pb1000). Group III was exposed to feed containing technical grade endosulfan @ 100 ppm (E100). Group IV was exposed to Pb (1000) +E (100). All the treatments were given daily for 28 days. Combination of lead and endosulfan modified the indices of oxidative stress in the parameters such as lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase in rats as compared to their individual compounds. The results suggest that the combination of these individual compounds may have the potential to modify oxidative stress produced by single compounds in male rats

scholarly journals Assessment of the Effects of Graded Doses of Polyphenolic-Rich Fraction of Garcinia kola Seeds on Pituitary–Testicular Axis of Male Wistar Rats

Dose-Response ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932581772926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mosunmola Busayo Omotola ◽  
Isaac O. Adeosun ◽  
Efere M. Obuotor ◽  
Rufus O. Akomolafe ◽  
Olugbenga A. Ayannuga
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Sodium Arsenate ◽  
Group V ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cervical Dislocation

This study evaluated the ameliorative and prophylactic effects of 2 different doses of polyphenolic-rich fraction of Garcinia kola (PPRF Gk) seeds on the histology and hormones of pituitary–testicular axis of male Wistar rats. Thirty-five male Wistar rats (150-200 g) were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats each. Groups I and II were given distilled water (0.5 mL/day) for 8 days followed by propylene glycol (0.2 mL/d) and 600 mg/kg of PPRF Gk, respectively, for 21 days. Group III received sodium arsenate (8 days), left untreated for 21 days. Groups IV and V received sodium arsenate (20 mg/kg) for 8 days followed by PPRF Gk (300 and 600 mg/kg, respectively) for 21 days. Groups VI and VII received PPRF Gk (300 and 600 mg/kg, respectively) for 21 days followed by sodium arsenate (20 mg/kg) for 8 days. Rats were killed by cervical dislocation 24 hours after the last dose and their blood collected through cardiac puncture. Blood sera were assayed for the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone using immunoassay techniques. Histology of the pituitary gland and testes was carried out. A significant reduction was observed in the concentration of FSH in groups IV, V, VI, and VII in comparison with groups I and II. The concentrations of both LH and testosterone showed significant decreases in groups IV, V, VI, and VII in comparison with group I. Group III presented with the lowest serum hormonal concentrations. Photomicrographs of the pituitary gland revealed greatly reduced basophils in group III and mildly reduced basophils in groups IV, VI, and VII in comparison with groups I and II. Group V revealed hypercellularized and distorted basophils. Photomicrographs of the testes showed detachment of the seminiferous tubules from the basement membrane and disruption of the interstitial space which was worse in group III, moderate in groups V and VI, and mild in group VII. In conclusion, PPRF Gk effected a dose-dependent reversal and prevention of the perturbations caused by arsenate in rats.

Lycopene modulates cholinergic dysfunction, Bcl-2/Bax balance, and antioxidant enzymes gene transcripts in monosodium glutamate (E621) induced neurotoxicity in a rat model

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadry Sadek ◽  
Tarek Abouzed ◽  
Sherif Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Serum Cholinesterase ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

The effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on brain tissue and the relative ability of lycopene to avert these neurotoxic effects were investigated. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were distributed into 4 groups: group I, untreated (placebo); group II, injected with MSG (5 mg·kg−1) s.c.; group III, gastrogavaged with lycopene (10 mg·kg−1) p.o.; and group IV received MSG with lycopene with the same mentioned doses for 30 days. The results showed that MSG induced elevation in lipid peroxidation marker and perturbation in the antioxidant homeostasis and increased the levels of brain and serum cholinesterase (ChE), total creatine phosphokinase (CPK), creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes BB (CPK-BB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities and gene expression were increased and glutathione content was reduced in the MSG-challenged rats, and these effects were ameliorated by lycopene. Furthermore, MSG induced apoptosis in brain tissues reflected in upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax while lycopene upregulated the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Our results indicate that lycopene appears to be highly effective in relieving the toxic effects of MSG by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and inducing modifications in the activity of cholinesterase and antioxidant pathways. Interestingly, lycopene protects brain tissue by inhibiting apoptosis signaling induced by MSG.

The Effect of Parathion-methyl and Antidotes on Parotid and Pancreatic Glands: A Pilot Experimental Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betul Gulalp ◽  
Yuksel Gokel ◽  
Derya Gumurdulu ◽  
Gulsah Seydaoglu ◽  
Kenan Daglioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Histopathologic Evaluation ◽  
Histologic Changes

The objective of this study is to investigate the functions of parotid and pancreatic glands in response to intoxication with parathion-methyl (PM) and the effects of treatment in rats. Seventy-five male Wistar rats were divided equally into five groups: Group I, control; group II, received atropine and pralidoxime (2-PAM) for 24 h, but no PM; group III, oral PM but no atropine and 2-PAM; group IV, PM and atropine for 24 h and 2-PAM; group V, PM and atropine for 96 h and 2-PAM. After the administration of the chemicals, blood samples were drawn to test for amylase, lipase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), while pancreatic and parotid glands of each rat were removed for light microscopic examination. Amylase levels were found significantly elevated in groups II, III, IV, and V, whereas lipase levels were supranormal in groups III, IV, and V. The blood levels of AChE were decreased in groups III and IV and BChE were decreased in II, III, IV, and V. No evidence of pancreatitis and parotitis was identified in the histopathologic evaluation in any group in 96 h; however, hyperchromasia, irregularity in nuclei, and binuclear cells were observed in all parotid glands in group V. Parotitis and pancreatitis were not evident; however, hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia were found, whereas various histologic changes in parotid glands were documented in the groups that were administered organophosphate and treatment.

scholarly journals Biochemical Effects of Matured Stem Extract of Opuntia Dillenii in Male Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Uche C. Njoku ◽  
Benjamin A. Amadi ◽  
Peter U. Amadi ◽  
Onyebuchi E. Ezendiokwere ◽  
Idongesit E. Archibong
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Opuntia Dillenii

Summary The effect of aqueous matured stem extract of Opuntia dillenii on selected biochemical parameters in Male Wistar rats was explored. Standard analytical methods were applied. Forty Wistar rats (80-100g) were used in the animal studies, separated into four groups. The control group was solely administered normal feed and saline, group I was administered 100mgkg−1 of the extract, group II received 300mgkg−1 of the extract and group III received 500 mg/kg−1 of the extract. A significant increase (p<0.05) in the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase was observed in group II and III rats, as compared with the controls. A significant decrease in urea and creatinine concentrations was found only in group III rats against the controls. Also, a significant (p<0.05) decrease in triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol was seen in group II and group III rats when compared with the control. The hematological evaluation revealed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in red blood cell and hemoglobin levels in group III rats when compared with the control. The findings showed both beneficial and toxicological effects of the plant. Hence, for optimal therapeutic benefits, a further toxicological survey could still be carried out perhaps at higher doses.

scholarly journals Protective effect of Berberis asiatica root on biochemical and histopathological changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Muddassir Husain Khan ◽  
Chetan Rastogi ◽  
Sachin Gupta ◽  
Shravan Kumar Paswan ◽  
Pritt Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Berberis asiatica root extract (BAE) against streptozotocin induced elevated blood glucose level and other liver and kidney functions changes in adult male Wistar rats.Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of six rats in each (Groups I-V). Group I and Group II served as normal control and disease control, respectively. Group III received standard anti-diabetic drug glibenclamide (5mg/kg), while Group IV and Group V received the low dose (250mg/kg) and high dose (500mg/kg) of BAE. Serum blood glucose, SGOT, SGPT, ALP, total bilirubin, BUN, serum creatinine, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C were estimated using standard methods. After collection of samples for biochemical evaluation, the pancreas from each animal was isolated and examined for histological changes.Results: BAE and glibenclamide treated disease rats showed significant (p <0.05) decrease in blood glucose concentration. Treatment with BAE at 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg in Group IV and V and standard drug glibenclamide in Group III showed significant (p <0.05) reduction in the level of liver function substances such as SGOT, SGPT, ALP and total bilirubin as compared to disease group, as well as showed significant (p <0.05) decrease in renal panel. Liver function parameters were significantly (p <0.05) improved in groups treated with BAE. Histopathological analysis revealed the protective effect of BAE against streptozotocin induced damage to islets of Langerhans.Conclusions: This study showed the destruction of islets of Langerhans and elevation in blood glucose level as well as alteration in other biochemical parameters were ameliorated by the effect of Berberis asiatica extract.

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