scholarly journals Effects of Atrazine on Reproductive Health of Nondiabetic and Diabetic Male Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Babu Jestadi ◽  
Alugoju Phaniendra ◽  
Undru Babji ◽  
Bhavatharini Shanmuganathan ◽  
Latha Periyasamy
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Nonsignificant Decrease

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of low dose of atrazine on reproductive system of male Wistar rats. 16 rats were divided into four groups of four animals each. Group I (nondiabetic) and group III (diabetic) animals served as controls that received safflower oil (300 μL/kg bw/day), respectively. Group II (nondiabetic) and group IV (diabetic) animals received atrazine (300 μg/kg bw/day). Nonsignificant decrease in the activities of antioxidant and steroidogenic enzymes and sperm parameters suggests that atrazine did not produce any effect on reproductive system of rats. Histological findings also revealed that atrazine at a dose of 300 μg/kg bw did not produce any testicular toxic effects in nondiabetic and diabetic atrazine treated rats. Low dose of atrazine did not show reproductive toxicity in rats. To know the effects of atrazine in diabetic rats further studies have to be carried out with increased concentration of atrazine.

scholarly journals Effect of concurrent exposure of toxic concentrations of lead and endosulfan on oxidative stress indices in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Ranganathan V ◽  
◽  
Malik JK ◽  
Rao GS ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Toxic Concentrations

The effect of concurrent exposure of toxic concentrations of lead and endosulfan were evaluated on oxidative stress parameters in male wistar rats. Group I served as untreated control whereas Group II received drinking water containing lead as lead acetate @1000 ppm (Pb1000). Group III was exposed to feed containing technical grade endosulfan @ 100 ppm (E100). Group IV was exposed to Pb (1000) +E (100). All the treatments were given daily for 28 days. Combination of lead and endosulfan modified the indices of oxidative stress in the parameters such as lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase in rats as compared to their individual compounds. The results suggest that the combination of these individual compounds may have the potential to modify oxidative stress produced by single compounds in male rats

scholarly journals Pancreato-protective PANCREATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SILYMARIN ON OXIDATIVE STRESS IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED HYPERGLYCEMIA IN MALE WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
UMA NARAYANAMURTHY ◽  
SYLVIA SANTHAKUMARI A ◽  
NIRMALA P
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Objective: The objective of the study was to study the silymarin’s pancreatoprotective effect in alloxan-induced Type I diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies have evidence to prove the fact that antioxidant defense mechanism of flavonoids has overcome the progression of chronic diabetic complications. Methods: A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=6): Group I normal control, Group II, Group III, and Group IV were induced diabetes with alloxan. Group I and Group II diabetic rats received the vehicle (PO). Group III was treated with silymarin 400 mg/kg (PO). Group IV was treated with glibenclamide 0.5 mg/kg, per orally for 21 days. Fasting blood samples were collected from all four groups of animals at the end of 21 days to evaluate serum glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Pancreatic tissue extraction, to perform lipid peroxidation and histopathological study confirms the level of oxidative damage to tissues and recovery after treatment. Results: The serum glucose and HbA1c levels significantly increased in untreated diabetic rats, also a significant rise in lipid peroxidation and necrosis of beta cells in the pancreatic tissue. The rise in serum glucose levels was ameliorated in rats treated with silymarin, pancreatic tissue showed increased antioxidant levels, decreased lipid peroxides, and minimal changes and signs of regeneration of beta cells. Conclusion: This study adds experimental evidence to the fact that silymarin is an effective nutritional supplement to treasure pancreatic beta-cell reserve and to delay diabetic complications.

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

The Effect of Parathion-methyl and Antidotes on Parotid and Pancreatic Glands: A Pilot Experimental Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betul Gulalp ◽  
Yuksel Gokel ◽  
Derya Gumurdulu ◽  
Gulsah Seydaoglu ◽  
Kenan Daglioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Histopathologic Evaluation ◽  
Histologic Changes

The objective of this study is to investigate the functions of parotid and pancreatic glands in response to intoxication with parathion-methyl (PM) and the effects of treatment in rats. Seventy-five male Wistar rats were divided equally into five groups: Group I, control; group II, received atropine and pralidoxime (2-PAM) for 24 h, but no PM; group III, oral PM but no atropine and 2-PAM; group IV, PM and atropine for 24 h and 2-PAM; group V, PM and atropine for 96 h and 2-PAM. After the administration of the chemicals, blood samples were drawn to test for amylase, lipase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), while pancreatic and parotid glands of each rat were removed for light microscopic examination. Amylase levels were found significantly elevated in groups II, III, IV, and V, whereas lipase levels were supranormal in groups III, IV, and V. The blood levels of AChE were decreased in groups III and IV and BChE were decreased in II, III, IV, and V. No evidence of pancreatitis and parotitis was identified in the histopathologic evaluation in any group in 96 h; however, hyperchromasia, irregularity in nuclei, and binuclear cells were observed in all parotid glands in group V. Parotitis and pancreatitis were not evident; however, hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia were found, whereas various histologic changes in parotid glands were documented in the groups that were administered organophosphate and treatment.

scholarly journals Selenium supplementation ameliorated paraquat-induced haemotoxicity in male rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Group V ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Haematological Changes

Introduction: The study was aimed at determining the haematological changes induced by 7 days paraquat exposure in rats and the ameliorative effect of selenium. Methods: Fifty-two adult male rats weighing between 150g and 200g were used for the study. The animals re randomly divided into five (5) groups of eight (8) rats each viz: Group I (DW) was administered distilled water only (2 ml/kg), group II (P1) was paraquat 15 mg/kg, group III (P1 + S) was paraquat (15 mg/kg) and selenium (0.3 mg/kg) an hour later, group IV (P2) was paraquat 30 mg/kg, while group V (P2 + S) was paraquat (30 mg/kg) and selenium (0.3 mg/kg) an hour later. Treatments were administered per os by gavage once daily for a week. Blood samples were analysed on the last day of administration. Results: The results of the study revealed that there were no significant differences (p >0.05) in haematological parameters in paraquat-induced toxicity in rats. Significance: The result of this research has shown that 7 days paraquat administration at 15 and 30 mg/kg has no detrimental effect on haematological parameters in rats, thus selenium supplementation cannot be justified to ameliorate its effect.

scholarly journals The effect of low dose midazolam in addition to ondansetron on post-operative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic cholecystectomy – a comparative study

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
MM Masum-Ul Haque ◽  
Montosh K Mondal ◽  
S Afroz ◽  
SS Akhter ◽  
Abdul Hye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Post Operative Nausea

Background Nausea, retching and vomiting are among the most common postoperative complaints. Premedication with low dose midazolam in addition to ondansetron is more effective in controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting. Objectives This study was designed to observe the effect of low dose midazolam 7.5mg in addition to ondansetron 4mg on postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods 100 patients of ASA grade I and II, age range 30-50 years and weight 50-70 kg were randomly selected by a blind envelop method. They were equally divided into four groups of 25 patients in group each. Group I received vitamin, Group II ondansetron 8mg, Group III ondansetron 8mg and midazolam 7.5mg and Group IV ondansetron 4mg and midazolam 7.5 mg orally one hour before operation. In the recovery room occurrence of nausea and vomiting was assessed for 24 hours. Results The incidence of nausea was in vitamin Group I 64%, in ond8 group II 32%, in ond8+mid7.5 group III 24% and in ond4+mid7.5 group IV 24%. The incidence among the groups was highly significant (p=0.008). The incidence of vomiting was in vitamin Group I 16%, in ond8 group II 16%, in ond8+mid7.5 group III 8% and in ond4+mid7.5 group IV 8%. The difference among the groups were not significant (p=0.808). Conclusion Low dose midazolam 7.5mg in addition to ondansetron 4mg is more effective in controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v24i1.19793 Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2011; 24(1): 8-12

scholarly journals Effect of the celexoxib in microscopic changes of the esophageal mucosal of rats induced by esofagojejunostomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austry Ferreira de Lima ◽  
Laercio Gomes Lourenço ◽  
Délcio Matos ◽  
Célio Fernando de Sousa Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The University ◽  
Observation Period

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the protective effect of celecoxib in the esophageal mucosa in rats undergoing esofagojejunostomy. METHODS: Sixty male Wistar rats from the vivarium of the University of Health Sciences of Alagoas were used for the experiment. The animals were divided into four groups: Group I, 15 rats undergoing esofagojejunostomy with the use of celecoxib postoperatively; Group II, 15 rats undergoing esofagojejunostomy without the use of celecoxib; Group III, 15 rats undergoing celiotomy with bowel manipulation; and Group IV, 15 rats without surgery and using celecoxib. The observation period was 90 days. After the death of the animals, the distal segment of the esophagus was resected and sent for microscopic analysis. RESULTS: esofagojejunostomy caused macroscopic and microscopic esophagitis. Esophagitis was equal in both groups I and II. In groups III and IV esophageal lesions were not developed. CONCLUSIONS: celecoxib had neither protective nor inducing effect on esophagitis, but had a protective effect on dysplasia of the animals of group I.

scholarly journals How do vegetable oils (hazelnut and canola) affect the reproductive system in male rats?

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Bűlent Kati ◽  
Fatih Oguz ◽  
Ismet Yilmaz ◽  
Ender Akdemir ◽  
Ramazan Altintas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hazelnut Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: Vegetable oils have an important place in our daily diet. This study starts from this point to investigate the effects of canola oil and hazelnut oil in the male reproductive system in rats. Material and methods: 30 male rats were used in this 16-week study. The animals were divided into three groups: the animals in group I served as the control group, while the animals in group II and group III were fed with hazelnut and canola oil, respectively. The testes of all rats were excised for histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation with a standard method. Blood samples were obtained for determination of serum hormone levels. Results: No significant differences were noted with respect to behavior or weight among the three groups. Rats in the canola oil group (group III) had higher luteinizing hormone (LH) and higher testosterone levels than rats in the control group. Rats who received hazelnut oil (group II) exhibited similar findings, with these levels being higher than they were in the control group. No statistical differences were shown for histopathology or IHC testosterone antibody levels across all treatment groups. Conclussion: Canola oil was shown to have a greater effect on serum LH and testosterone compared to the control group and the group fed with hazelnut oil. Further investigation is required into how these oils affect serum hormone and sperm activity.

scholarly journals Quality of Live Improvement Antituberculosis Consumer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Jumasni Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group Ii

Antituberculosis is the most liver damage causes. Rifampicin and Isoniazide, in combination, are toxic compounds. Isoniazide and rifampicin metabolits causes lipid peroxidation. The hepatoprotective effect of rosella calyx water extract on liver damage induced with Isoniazide-rifampicin evaluated by examination of malondialdehid levels in the liver organ. 25 male wistar rats divided into 5 groups, ie group I (INH-rifampicin + rosella water extract 250 mg/kgBW), group II (INH-rifampicin + rosella water extract 125 mg/kgBW), group III (INH-rifampicin + rosella water extract 62.5 mg/kgBW),  group IV (healthy control) and group V (Isoniazide-rifampicin). MDA liver levels were analyzed after 35 days of treatments. The test results of each group are, group I has mean MDA levels 0.023912 + 0.011 mg/ml, group II 0.023526 + 0.009 mg/ml, group III 0.027168 + 0.007 mg/ml group IV 0.03437 + 0.009 mg/ml and group V 0.236846 + 0.118 mg/ml. The kruskal-wallis test showed significantly value 0.008 (p 0.05) and Post hoc Mann U whitney test showed that group V was significantly different to group I, II, III, and IV (p = 0.008) respectively, roselle extract can be used as a hepatoprotector antioxidant to improve the tuberculosis drug consumer quality of life through improved health by lowering lipid peroxidation that causes liver damage.

scholarly journals A proteomics approach to identify the differential protein level in cardiac muscle of diabetic rat.

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanaraj Karthik ◽  
Ravichandran Vijayakumar ◽  
Kalailingam Pazhanichamy ◽  
Sivanesan Ravikumar
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Diabetic Complication ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Proteomics Approach

Cardiovascular proteomics investigation reveals the characterization and elucidation of the novel therapeutic targets and strategies to prevent the development of heart failure associated diabetic complication by using 2DE and MS. The experimental animals were made diabetic with a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg of bw). Albino rats were randomly divided into four individual groups: Group-I control (n=6), group-II alloxan-induced diabetic rats, untreated (n=6), group-III (n=6) and group-IV (n=6) alloxan-induced diabetic rats were treated with aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon for 15 days, respectively. Animals were euthanized to collect the heart tissues and blood samples. 2DE sample preparation, gel running and staining (n=6: each groups) were performed at the same time to avoid variation. The result of six gel images from each group were analyzed and evaluated as one match set with 2D software (P

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