scholarly journals EXPRESSION OF CANCER STEM CELL MARKER OCTAMER-BINDING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 4 IN HIGH-GRADE TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA

2019 ◽  
pp. 313-316
Author(s):  
MUROOJ JASSIM MOHAMMED ◽  
BASIM SHEHAB AHMED
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Bladder Tissue ◽  
Group A ◽  
Octamer Binding Transcription Factor ◽  
Group B ◽  
Transcription Factor 4

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to provide an outlook of urothelial carcinoma through the immunohistochemical expression patterns of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) in high-grade transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder. Methods: A total number of 60 tissue samples were collected for the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the pathological diagnosis of the bladder tissue, Group A: 30 cases with high-grade TCC of the bladder and Group B: 30 cases with apparently normal bladder tissue. Tissue immunohistochemical analysis was applied to investigate the expression patterns of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers OCT4 in bladder samples. Results: OCT4 was positive in 80% of specimens of Group A and 3.3% in specimens of Group B. The association between OCT4 marker result and certain histopathological features in high-grade group: Positive OCT4 result was found in patients with inflammation and necrosis (90.9%) with a significant association (p=0.013). Regarding muscular invasion, we noticed that 87.5% of patients with muscular invasion showed positive OCT4 marker result with a significant association (p=0.039) between OCT4 marker result and muscular invasion. As well, OCT4 marker was highly sensitive and specific (sensitivity=66.7%, specificity=96.7%, and accuracy=76.7%). Conclusion: There was a significant expression of CSC OCT4 in high-grade TCC, OCT4 can be considered as a key regulator of tumor progression, aggressive behavior, and metastasis.

scholarly journals No difference in survival after HLA mismatched versus HLA matched allogeneic stem cell transplantation in Ewing sarcoma patients with advanced disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Thiel ◽  
S. J. Schober ◽  
A. Ranft ◽  
H. Gassmann ◽  
S. Jabar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Ewing Sarcoma ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Risk Stratum ◽  
Group A ◽  
Status Number ◽  
Group B

AbstractPatients with advanced Ewing sarcoma (AES) carry a poor prognosis. Retrospectively, we analyzed 66 AES patients treated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) receiving HLA-mismatched (group A, n = 39) versus HLA-matched grafts (group B, n = 27). Median age at diagnosis was 13 years, and 15 years (range 3–49 years) at allo-SCT. The two groups did not differ statistically in distribution of gender, age, remission status/number of relapses at allo-SCT, or risk stratum. 9/39 (23%) group A versus 2/27 (7%) group B patients developed severe acute graft versus host disease (GvHD). Of patients alive at day 100, 7/34 (21%) group A versus 9/19 (47%) group B patients had developed chronic GvHD. In group A, 33/39 (85%) versus 20/27 (74%) group B patients died of disease and 1/39 (3%) versus 1/27 (4%) patients died of complications, respectively. Altogether 12/66 (18%) patients survived in CR. Median EFS 24 months after allo-SCT was 20% in both groups, median OS was 27% (group A) versus 17% (group B), respectively. There was no difference in EFS and OS in AES patients transplanted with HLA-mismatched versus HLA-matched graft in univariate and multivariate analyses. In this analysis, CR at allo-SCT is a condition for survival (p < 0.02).

scholarly journals Subpopulations of miniature pig mesenchymal stromal cells with different differentiation potentials differ in the expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 and sex determining region Y-box 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-524
Author(s):  
Ryounghoon Jeon ◽  
Sungjo Park ◽  
Sung-Lim Lee ◽  
Gyu-Jin Rho
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Miniature Pig ◽  
Proliferative Capacity ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Sox2 Expression ◽  
Surface Antigen Expression ◽  
Octamer Binding Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factor 4

Objective: Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit variable differentiation potential and can be divided accordingly into distinct subpopulations whose ratios vary with donor age. However, it is unknown whether the same is true in pigs. This study investigated MSC subpopulations in miniature pig and compared their characteristics in young (2 to 3 months) and adult (27 to 35 months) pigs.Methods: Osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic capacity of isolated MSCs was evaluated by von Kossa, Alcian blue, and oil red O staining, respectively. Cell surface antigen expression was determined by flow cytometry. Proliferative capacity was assessed with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Expression of marker genes was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: Porcine MSCs comprised cells with trilineage and bilineage differentiation potential (tMSCs and bMSCs, respectively) and non-differentiating stromal cells (NDSCs). The tMSC and bMSC fractions were smaller in adult than in young pigs (63.0% vs 71.2% and 11.6% vs 24.0%, respectively, p<0.05); NDSCs showed the opposite trend (25.4% vs 4.8%; p<0.05). Subpopulations showed no differences in morphology, cell surface antigen expression, or proliferative capacity, but octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) expression was higher in tMSCs than in bMSCs and NDSCs (p<0.05), whereas sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) expression was higher in tMSCs and bMSCs than in NDSCs (p<0.05). Aging had no effect on these trends.Conclusion: Porcine MSCs comprise distinct subpopulations that differ in their differentiation potential and OCT4 and SOX2 expression. Aging does not affect the characteristics of each subpopulation but alters their ratios.

Inflammatory Atrophy of the Prostate

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (7) ◽  
pp. 840-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanase Billis ◽  
Luis A. Magna
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Group A ◽  
Prostatic Atrophy ◽  
Group B ◽  
Inflammation Group ◽  
Topographical Relation

Abstract Context.—Recently, prostatic atrophy associated with chronic inflammation has been linked to carcinoma either directly or indirectly by first developing into high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Objective.—The purpose of our study was to test this hypothesis in autopsies. Design.—A step section method was used to cut the posterior lobe in coronal planes at intervals of 0.3 to 0.5 cm in 100 consecutive autopsies of men older than 40 years. Prostatic atrophy was classified as simple, hyperplastic (or postatrophic hyperplasia), and sclerotic and was analyzed for the presence of chronic inflammation. Prostatic atrophy without (group A) and with inflammation (group B) was correlated with the following variables: age, race, histologic (incidental) carcinoma, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and extent of both these lesions. Results.—Of the 100 prostates examined, 12%, 22% and 66%, respectively, had no atrophy, atrophy without inflammation (group A), and atrophy with inflammation (group B). There was no statistically significant difference between groups A and B for age (P = .55), race (P = .89), presence of histologic (incidental) carcinoma (P = .89), extensive carcinoma (P = .43), presence of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (P = .65), extensive high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (P = .30), or subtypes of prostatic atrophy. Neither a topographical relation nor a morphologic transition was seen between prostatic atrophy and histologic carcinoma or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. Sclerotic atrophy either alone or combined with other subtypes was more frequent in the group with inflammation. A striking morphologic finding was a topographical relation of focal inflammation with sclerotic atrophy in areas with erosion of the epithelium. Conclusions.—Inflammatory prostatic atrophy does not appear to be associated with histologic (incidental) carcinoma or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. One possible cause of inflammatory infiltrate associated with prostatic atrophy may be the extravasated prostatic secretions, which were noted in areas of eroded epithelium, a common finding in the sclerotic type of prostatic atrophy.

Chemioprofilassi endovescicale del carcinoma uroteliale superficiale. Studio su mitomicina ed epirubicina in differenti dosaggi

1994 ◽  
Vol 61 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
M. Pastorello ◽  
A. Molon ◽  
M. Poluzzi ◽  
F. Venturi ◽  
I. Siggillino
Keyword(s):  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Multiple Neoplasms ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Histological Confirmation

Superficial transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) of the bladder have a high recurrence rate and a potential for progressive disease. The intravesical use of chemotherapeutic agents to prevent recurrences has achieved varying success. We report our experience in the prevention of superficial TCC recurrences using topical Mitomycin C or Epirubicin (in two different doses). After complete transurethral resection (TURB) and histological confirmation of stage pTa or pT1 disease, 80 patients were assigned to group A (Mitomycin 40 mg in 40 ml); 80 pts to group B (Epirubicin 50 mg in 50 ml); 40 pts were enrolled in group C (Epirubicin 80 mg in 50 ml saline). Median follow-up is 43.4 months for group A, 42.1 months for gr. B, 21.1 months for gr. C. 183 pts could be evaluated. Results: 28/74 pts had recurrences in gr. A, 26/73 in gr. B, 11/36 in gr. C; the recurrence index/100 pt-months is 1.21 in gr. A, 1.23 in gr. B, 2.10 in gr. C. Tumour progression was registered in 13/74 pts in gr. A, in 11/73 in gr. B, in 5/36 in gr. C. pT1-tumours showed a recurrence rate of 69% (average of the three groups) versus 13% of pTa-tumours; a very high recurrence rate was also observed in multiple neoplasms.

Birth Order and Outcome in HLA-Identical Sibling Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants. Impact of a Sequential Fetomaternal - Maternofetal Cell Transfer?.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 2034-2034
Author(s):  
Christoph M. Bucher ◽  
Dominik Heim ◽  
Andreas Buser ◽  
Jakob R. Passweg ◽  
Alois Gratwohl
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Cell Transfer ◽  
Black Line ◽  
Cell Transplants ◽  
Group A ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Stem Cell Transplants ◽  
Group B

Abstract Fetomaternal and maternofetal cell transfer have been described. Their clinical relevance is unknown. We hypothesized that firstborn siblings could tolerize their siblings born thereafter through sequential fetomaternal-maternofetal cell transfer. Hence, stem cell transplants within a family from a firstborn sibling (group A) should result more graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and worse overall survival than transplants to a firstborn donor (group B). Results of a retrospective single center cohort analysis of 321 HLA-identical sibling donor hemopoietic stem cell transplants showed a survival of 48.3% (+/−10.9%) at 10 years in the group with firstborn donors (group A, 110 patients) as compared to 63.2 (+/−10.6%) in the group with firstborn recipients (group B, 105 patients; p<0.02) and a RR of death after adjustment for other risk factors of 2.6 (CI 1.45–4.66; p<0.001) for the group with firstborn donors. These results support the concept of a clinically relevant tolerizing effect of birth order, possibly mediated by fetomaternal cell transfer in man. Patients characteristics and outcomes Birth Order Donor First Sibling Recipient First Sibling n 110 105 Donor Age median (range) 30.1 (4.9–68) 25.4 (0.4–59.1) p=0.005 Recipient Age median (range) 25.4(3.2–62.1) 30.8 (2.2–63.0) Number of Siblings 2 67 69 n.s. 3 26 22 >3 17 14 Diagnosis n.s. Acute myeloid leukemia n 33 26 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia n 24 24 Chronic myeloid leukemia n 23 23 Lymphoproliferative disorders n 14 13 Severe aplastic anemia n 11 12 Myelodysplastic syndromes n 5 7 Stem Cell Source n.s. Bone Marrow n 71 73 PBSCT n 39 32 Conditioning n.s. With totoal body irradiation n 18 22 Without total body irradiation n 92 83 Outcomes Survival at 10 yrs % 48.3 63.2 p<0.02 Relapse at 3 yrs. % 26 20 n.s. Acute GvHD p=0.017 < Grade II n 46 61 >= Grade II n 64 44 Chronic GvHD n.s. none n 28 30 n.a. n 29 17 Limited n 32 30 Extensive n 21 23 Figure 1: Kaplan Meyer estimate of cumulative survival of groups A(firstborn donor: gray line) and B (firstborn recipient: black line). + indicates censored patient. Figure 1:. Kaplan Meyer estimate of cumulative survival of groups A(firstborn donor: gray line) and B (firstborn recipient: black line). + indicates censored patient.

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