scholarly journals AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF CESAREAN TRENDS AT A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN PUNJAB

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
SUPARNA GROVER ◽  
SUNITA MEENA ◽  
AJAY CHHABRA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Government Hospitals ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Group 5

Objectives: The objective of the study was to study the indications and risk factors for caesarean section (CS) and to study the caesarean rates in various patient groups as per Robson’s classification. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Government Medical College Amritsar over a period of six months. All the patients admitted for delivery beyond 22 weeks were allotted to Robson groups on admission and the indications of all CS were recorded. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed statistically. Results: There were 553 deliveries in the study period, of which there were 241 CS amounting to a caesarean rate of 43.6%. Nulliparity, previous caesarean delivery and malpresentation were significant risk factors for CS but induction of labor was not associated with increased probability of caesarean delivery. Previous caesarean delivery was the most common indication of CS followed by foetal distress. Among Robson groups, group 10 had the biggest group size and biggest contribution to cesarean rates followed by group 5. Conclusion: Tertiary care government hospitals have a higher cesarean rates due to referral of high-risk pregnancies. Increasing the rates of trial of labour after caesarean is one of the interventions that may serve to decrease the caesarean rates in such institutions.

A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON SURGICAL INDICATIONS FOR SPLENECTOMY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER.

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy. M. G ◽  
Salman Ahmed. F ◽  
Santosh Kumar Rajput ◽  
Ganashyam. K. R
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Splenic Abscess ◽  
Surgical Indications ◽  
Spleen Preservation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Operative Outcomes

Background: Spleen mediates important immunologic, storage and hematologic functions. A person can undergo a splenectomy for various causes which includes both surgical and non surgical. The recent trend being towards spleen preservation, it is necessary to critically analyse the indications for splenectomy and assess if the desired post operative outcomes are achieved by splenectomy. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out on patients of Department of General Surgery, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, from august 2017 to November 2019. 45 adult subjects (both male and females) aged ≥ 18 years, who underwent elective or emergency splenectomy for various indications were studied. Results: The most common indication for splenectomy was trauma in 27 patients(60%) followed by splenic abscess(15.6%). Most of the patients underwent emergency splenectomy i.e., 25 cases(55%) . In our study the majority received blood transfusion, 15.5% developed wound infection and 2 cases(4.4%) needed reexploration due to rebleeding.

scholarly journals Risk factors of thrombophlebitis at infusion sites in patients admitted in surgical ward: a prospective observational study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Kumar Singh ◽  
Rajeev Dwivedi ◽  
A. P. S. Ghaharwar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infusion Site ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Surgical Ward

Background: Peripheral venous canualation is indispensable in admitted patients in surgical ward, thrombophlebitis following infusion is seldom serious, but it effects on postoperative recovery, hospital stay and hence burden of disease are magnanimous. The main aim and objective of the study to find out the incidence of thrombophlebitis at the intravenous infusion site in surgical ward.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 300 patients admitted in surgical ward of S.S Medical College and associated S.G.M. hospital, Rewa (M.P.) patients selected randomly. These Patients were visited daily for any sign and symptoms at infusion site. The incidence of thrombophlebitis according to age, sex and duration of infusion were recorded. The tool designed to collect the data were socio demographic performa and observational check list.Results: In total 300 patients the incidence of thrombophlebits is highest in age group of 41-50(20%), Male (64.66%) and incidence increases as the duration of infusion increased it is 100% after 5 days. The incidence of Grade -1 thrmbophlebitis (71.33%) is higher as compared to Grade- 2 (22.67%).Conclusions: Thrombophelebitis is still an important ongoing problem in admitted patients in surgical ward. Incidence of grade-I thrombophlebitis is higher. It is more in male in the age group of 40-50 and duration of infusion is main causative factor for development of thrombophlebitis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and pattern of PCOS in women presenting with acne, a hospital based prospective observational study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 899
Author(s):  
Raja Shareef A. ◽  
P. V. S. Prasad ◽  
P. K. Kaviarasan
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Background: Acne is one of the most common dermatological conditions encountered in day to day practice. Many recent studies have reported a strong association between acne and underlying systemic endocrine disorders, more particularly Poly cystic ovarian syndrome. But there is scarcity of literature on the subjects in Indian population. Hence the present study was conducted with an objective of studying the association between acne and polycystic ovarian syndrome, in women presenting with adult onset acne to a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in department of dermatology, Dhananalakshmi Srinivasan medical college and hospital, Permabalur from January 2016 to August 2017. The study population included women above 18 years of age clinically diagnosed with acne vulgaris. The presence of polycystic ovarian syndrome was assessed using Rotterdam criteria.Results: The final analysis had included 100 women with acne. The most common type of lesion observed was comedone in 91% of women. The other most common lesions were papule seen in 73%, pustule in 35% of women. The proportion with grade I, Grade II and grade III acne was 58%, 29% and 13% respectively. The prevalence of PCOS was 30% (95% CI 21.89% to 39.58%). PCOS had shown no statistically significant association with age, marital status and regularity of menstrual cycle. The factors which have shown statistically significant association were higher BMI, presence of Hirsutism and higher waist circumference.Conclusions: PCOS is highly prevalent among women with acne. Presence of hirsutism, obesity are strong risk factors for PCOS.

scholarly journals Patient safety in the process of pharmacotherapy carried out by nurses – A Polish-Slovak prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Witczak ◽  
Łukasz Rypicz ◽  
Mária Šupínová ◽  
Elena Janiczeková ◽  
Piotr Pobrotyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
Medicine Administration

Abstract Aim This study was aimed at the determination and comparison of safety levels at the nurse-managed stage of the pharmacotherapy process in Poland and Slovakia by identifying the key risk factors which directly affect patient safety. Background/Introduction: Pharmacotherapy, i.e. the use of medicines for combating a disease or its symptoms, is one of the crucial elements of patient care. Studies carried out with regard to nursing workloads in the pharmacotherapy process prove that nurses spend 40% of their work on the management of medications. Medicine administration is the most frequent task of all nursing activities, and there is a possibility of committing errors at this stage due to the complex and multifaceted nature of the pharmacotherapy process. Methods The study involved a group of 1774 nurses, of whom 1412 were from Poland and 362 from Slovakia. The original Nursing Risk in Pharmacotherapy (NURIPH) tool was used. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.832. Results Nurses from Slovakia most often, i.e. for 6 out of 9 factors (items: 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), assessed the risk factors as “significant risk (3)”, and Polish nurses most often, i.e. for as many as 8 out of 9 risk factors (items: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9), assessed the risk factors as “very significant (5)”. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were demonstrated in 8 (out of 9) risk factors. Conclusions The pharmacotherapy process implemented by nurses, regardless of the country, is burdened with a considerable number of risk factors and it might negatively affect patient safety. It has been found that the safety of the pharmacotherapy process is assessed by Polish nurses as much lower than by Slovak ones. Training activities in the field of adverse events, adverse reactions to medications and appropriate and effective communication should be introduced for all members of the medical staff involved in the pharmacotherapy process.

scholarly journals A prospective observational study for the evaluation of maternal and fetal outcome in patient with eclampsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Dora ◽  
Lalmohan Nayak ◽  
Benudhar Pande ◽  
Atal Bihari Dandapat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Labour Room

Background: Eclampsia continues to be a measure health issue in developing country. In order to get a comprehensive data on eclamptic patients we conduct a prospective observational study to address the maternal and fetal complication during pregnancy.Methods: It is a prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care medical college between the periods September 2016 to February 2017. During the period all patients with eclampsia admitted to the labour room were taken. Any patients with known epilepsy were excluded from the study.Results: During the period 3780 women were admitted to the labour room, out of which 56 women had eclampsia with an incidence of 1.48%. Out this antenatal eclampsia was most common with an incidence of 91.08% followed by intra partum 4 (7.14%) and postpartum eclampsia 1 (1.78%). Majority of patients 54 (96.43%) were unbooked or inadequately supervised. Most of the patient had normalization of blood pressure after oral nifedipine 46 (82.14%), only 10 (17.86%) patient required additional injection labetalol for control of blood pressure. The maternal complications were placental abruption 8 (14.28%), HELLP 6 (10.71%), pulmonary edema 1 (1.78%), acute renal failure 1 (1.78%), DIC 1 (1.78%) and maternal death 2 (3.57%). Out of fifty six babies delivered 42 (75%) had live birth and 14 (25%) had still birth. A total of 17 (40.42%) had IUGR, 17 (40.47%) require SNCU admission post-delivery.Conclusions:Eclampsia still remains the major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity. In low resource countries improvement in health care facility, adequate antenatal supervision, and timely referral will reduce the maternal and fetal complication. 

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON THE EVALUATION OF RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.

2020 ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
CHINMAYI PINNA ◽  
Dharavath Vinay Naik Dharavath Vinay Naik ◽  
Naresh Podugu Naresh Podugu ◽  
Shaik.Mohammed Shaabaaz Shaik.Mohammed Shaabaaz ◽  
Okeke Chukwugoziem Bright Okeke Chukwugoziem Bright
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: coronary artery disease is one of the most common types of cardiovascular disorder and it occurs when the coronary artery that supply blood to the heart muscle is compromised due to the accumulation of materials such as plaque/cholesterol atherosclerosis risk factors associated with coronary artery disease   men are susceptible at 45, women at 55 include age, gender, genetics, etc, Objective: To identify the patients at elevated risk for CAD, To identify patients required further investigation to confirm the diagnosis of CAD, To describe a management plan including lifestyle changes, medications, psychosocial support, cardiac rehabilitation, etc. Methods:  A prospective observational study was conducted for a period of 6 months, from CAD patients attending max cure hospital. The data was collected from the participants after consent. Relevant patient lifestyles and lab data were documented in the data collection form (DCF). Results: The study findings are according to parameter wise, age categorization defines that in 51-60 ranging age group 27.22% that is the highest percent affected people are observed with CAD.  Of the total number of subjects participated in the study (n=202) the gender-wise comparison males (144) are more than females (58).To observe patient region, urban people (68%) are mostly affected with CAD than rural people (32%). To identify risk factors of CAD, patients with DM (34.67%), HTN (23%), smoking (17.32%), alcohol (25.74%), and obesity (13.86%) are the major risk factors associated with CAD. Based on family history a total of 21 members were identified out of 202, among them with CAD were 7, with CKD were 6, with HTN were 5 and with DM were 3 members respectively.  According to the past history in a total of 202 members, patients with Cerebrovascular accidents were 4, patients with MI/UA were 20, and CKD were 4 respectively. Conclusion: Evaluation of risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease in a tertiary care hospital was observed. Age, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension, Smoking, Alcohol, and Obesity are more causing risk factors than others.

scholarly journals Patient Safety in the Process of Pharmacotherapy Carried Out by Nurses—A Polish–Slovak Prospective Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10066
Author(s):  
Izabela Witczak ◽  
Łukasz Rypicz ◽  
Mária Šupínová ◽  
Elena Janiczeková ◽  
Piotr Pobrotyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Care Nursing

Pharmacotherapy, i.e., the use of medicines for combating a disease or its symptoms, is one of the crucial elements of patient care. Nursing workloads in the pharmacotherapy process prove that nurses spend 40% of their work on the management of medications. This study was aimed at the determination and comparison of safety levels at the nurse-managed stage of the pharmacotherapy process in Poland and Slovakia by identifying the key risk factors which directly affect patient safety. The study involved a group of 1774 nurses, of whom 1412 were from Poland and 362 were from Slovakia. The original Nursing Risk in Pharmacotherapy (acronym: NURIPH) tool was used. The survey questionnaire was made available online and distributed to nurses. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.832. Nurses from Slovakia most often, i.e., for six out of nine factors (items: one, five, six, seven, eight, and nine), assessed the risk factors as “significant risk (3)”, and Polish nurses most often, i.e., for as many as eight out of nine risk factors (items: one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and nine), assessed the risk factors as “very significant (5)”. It has been found that the safety of the pharmacotherapy process is assessed by Polish nurses to be much lower than by Slovak nurses.

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