Pharmacological profile of ficus thonningii: a review

Ficus thonningii is an African ethnomedicine plant used to treat a number of diseases. The nutritional, phytochemical, and pharmacological aspects of F. thonningii in relation to its therapeutic purposes are numerous. Ficus thonningii contains alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, active proteins, and active proteins. Continue to identify, isolate, and quantify the active ingredients, as well as their medicinal purposes. Chronic toxicity, toxicology, antineoplastic effects, acute toxicity, hypoglycemic effects, antidiarrheal effects, analgesic effects, anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidants, antifungal activity, antimicrobial effects, antiprotozoal properties etc.

a comparative analysis of canthal index of ekowe indigenes, bayelsa state

Human body parts are useful in the predictive study of the unknown. The aim of this study is to know the normative values of the canthi of the Ekowe people. Measurements such as inner and outer canthal distances were carried out. The mean value of the innercanthal distance for males and females are 3.55±0.58 and 3.43±0.52. The mean outer canthal distance for male and female is 13.91±0.84 and 13.62±0.76. The canthal index for male and female is 25.59±4.54 and 25.30±4.03. Sexual dimorphism exists and statistical significant difference was noticed in the outer canthal distance between the males and females (P˂0.05). This study has provided us with normative reference values of inner and outer canthal distances and canthal index for the Ekowe Population which is import to the health care givers, Anatomist, ophthalmic industry and anthropologist

Formulation and evaluation of oral disintegrating tablets of furosemide

Orally disintegrating tablets of Furosemide were prepared, evaluated and the comparison of the action of different concentrations of disintegrants on disintegration and dissolution of the tablets were studied. Direct compression method was used to prepare the orally disintegrating tablets containing 20 mg of Furosemide. The formulation was conducted using different concentrations of crospovidone, croscarmellose and sodium starch glycolate as superdisintegrants and their interactions with Furosemide were also evaluated using FTIR. FTIR studies using the drug and its mixtures with the excipients showed that the peaks correlate with one another which signify that there is no interaction between the drug molecule and the excipients used. The obtained results revealed that the disintegration time of ODTs were between 9 to 59 seconds. The percentage drug content of tablets in all the formulations was found between 91.51% to 106.69%, which complies with the limits established in pharmacopoeia. The in-vitro dissolution studies show maximum release of 89.47% in formulation F3 and minimum of 77.64% in formulation F12. Higher concentration of crospovidone and croscarmellose in formulations F3 and F6 showed better dissolution properties than SSG. So by varying the concentrations of superdisintegrants, oral disintegrating tablets can be formulated.

Pulmonary delivery of sirna for the treatment of cystic fibrosis and pulmonary delivery platforms

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most deadly diseases of lungs that involves symptoms such as breathing difficulties, coughing and lung infection. Despite important therapeutic advances, the definitive treatment for CF remains elusive. CF is a good candidate for gene therapy because it is relatively common, lethal and monogenic and it does not have adequate treatment options. In this review article, we have reviewed gene therapy as a potential treatment option for CF. Various platforms and strategies for pulmonary gene delivery have also been discussed in detail.

Phytochemical screening & in-vitro evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of clerodendrum indicum roots

This study aims to extract the phytochemical constituents and in-vitro evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of roots of clerodendrum Indicum. Clerodendrum indicum (L.) kuntz. Commonly known as bharangi or chingari, belongs to the family verbenaceae. The plant is expectorant, stomachic, Anti-bronchitis, Anti-nociceptive, Anti-microbial, Anti-diarrheal, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, steroids, steroid glycosides, terpenoids etc. This study has taken with the Anti-inflammatory activity and preliminary phytochemical screening on the clerodendrum indicum. In the present study, qualitative study of the phytochemicals present in the sample was determined, Anti-inflammatory activity were carried out. On the premise of the prevailing study, the outcomes eventually concluded that the ethanolic extract of clerodendrum indicum own anti inflammatory pastime. This evaluation offers an concept that the compound of the plant clerodendrum indicum may be used as lead compound for designing robust pills which may be used for remedy of diverse diseases.

Preventive effect of Macaranga barteri Mül Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) aqueous leaf extract on amiodarone induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats

Macaranga barteri is a plant used in traditional medicine to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, its potential against hepatic steatosis has not been scientifically proven yet. This work aimed to investigate the preventive effect of the aqueous extract of Macaranga barteri leaves (AEMb) on hepatic steatosis experimentally induced with amiodarone in rats. 36 rats were divided into 6 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1, the non-intoxicated group and Group 2, used as controls were pretreated with distilled water (10 ml/kg b.w.). Group 3 received silymarin at 100 mg/kg b.w. while Groups 4, 5 and 6 were pretreated with AEMb at doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. respectively. The weights of the rats were monitored during the experimentation. After 7 days of daily pretreatment with the different substances, rats of groups 2 to 6 were administered intraperitoneally amiodarone (200 mg/kg bw) three times daily for seven other consecutive days. At the end of the experiments, blood samples were collected on fasted and anesthetized rats kept in dried and EDTA tubes in order to assess some hematological and biochemical parameters and also rats livers were removed for gross observation and hepatic triglyceride assessment. The results revealed that AEMb and silymarin inhibited the weight loss induced by amiodarone and even favored weight gain. The reduction of heamatological indices (leukocytes and leukocyte indices, erythrocytes and erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH and MCHC), hemoglobin, hematocrit and thrombocytes) by amiodarone was impeded in AEMb treated rats. AEMb significantly reduced (p <0.001) lipid profile parameters (plasma triglycerides, cholesterols (LDL, HDL and total)) augmented by amiodarone. Increased hepatic parameters (alkaline phosphatase, bilirubins (total and conjugated), transaminases (AST and ALT)) elicited by amiodarone were restored by AEMb pretreatment while decreased HDL values were normalized as well. Silymarin and AEMb also restored livers appearance and hepatic triglyceride. In conclusion, AEMb have a real preventive potential against amiodarone induced-hepatic steatosis in rats.

Recurrent pleural effusion in patient with liver cirrhosis – a case report

Liver cirrhosis is caused by necrosis of liver cells leading to fibrosis and nodule formation. Structural abnormalities of the liver causing impaired hepatocyte function and portal hypertension. Hepatic hydrothorax is a less common pulmonary complication of portal hypertension. We present a 47 years old man with liver cirrhosis and recurrent massive pleural effusion. Diagnosis can be challenging because it can be associated with pulmonary or systemic disorders. Pleural fluid analysis is necessary to differentiate transudate or exudate as the cause of pleural effusion. Thoracentesis is done to reduce the complaints experienced by the patient.

Phytopharmaceutical profile of Ficus thonningii : An updated Review

Ficus thonningii is a plant that is widely utilised in African ethnomedicine to cure a variety of ailments. a rational examination of F. thonningii's nutritional, phytochemical, and pharmacological characteristics in connection to its medicinal uses.Alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, and active proteins are among the bioactive components found in Ficus thonningii, all of which contribute to its therapeutic qualities.Continue to discover, isolate, and quantify the active components, as well as establish the processes behind its curative powers.

Electro-spun nano fiber of carboxymethyl cellulose – curcumin and its applications

Cellulose is a prominent scaffolding polysaccharide found in plants as micro fibrils which form the structurally strong framework in the cell walls. It has wide variety of uses such as attacking agent, emulsifier, stabilizer etc. Its use can be further enhanced by converting cellulose into cellulose derivatives. One of the most important cellulose derivatives is carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC). In the present study, cellulose is converted to CMC thereby preparing CMC – curcumin nanofiber by using electro spinning method. The functional groups identification was done by using UV Visible spectroscopy and FT-IR. Surface structure was analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy. The antifungal activity was studied against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. . The antibacterial activities also studied for the samples against E.coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus.

The promising oncostatic effects of melatonin against ovarian cancer

Melatonin is a pineal hormone, secreted at the subjective night. It is involved in the regulation of many physiological functions, including the sleep-wake cycle, gonadal activity, free radical scavenging, immunomodulation, neuro-protection, and cancer progression. Melatonin acts through cell surface receptors (MT1 and MT2) as well as nuclear receptors. Circadian dysfunction can alter the secretion of melatonin. Inappropriate melatonin level promotes the initiation of many pathologies including cancer. Ovarian cancer is a common form of gynecological disease. Several studies indicate the profound link between impaired melatonin secretion and the progression of ovarian cancer. Melatonin exerts oncostatic effects in multiple ways; it acts as a potent antioxidant, induces apoptosis, and regulates metabolism, and chronic inflammatory response in ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, melatonin improves the efficacy of the current treatment regimen of ovarian cancer and can be used as an adjuvant.