scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF LEAF PARTS OF HYPOESTES PHYLLOSTACHYA ROSEA FOR IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
JENSON JACOB ◽  
MEENU JOHN
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Objective: The aim of this study was focussed on phytochemical analysis, in vitro antioxidant activities of different solvent extracts of Hypoestes phyllostachya leaf. Methods: The leaves were washed efficiently, shade dried and coarsely powdered. The powdered leaf material of Hypoestes phyllostachya was successively extracted with hexane, chloroform, methanol and water using Soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screenings for polyphenolics, proteins, phytosteroids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, alkaloids carbohydrates, polyphenolics, saponins were done by following standard procedure. In vitro antioxidant activities of various solvent extracts were assessed using DPPH, ABTS, Hydroxy radical, total antioxidant capacity and reducing power assay. Polyphenolics and flavonoids were also estimated. Results: The results showed that most of the phytochemical compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins, steroids, fixed oils and fatty acids, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, polyphenolics and glycosides present in the methanolic and aqueous extract of Hypoestes phyllostachya. The in vitro antioxidant activity of Hypoestes phyllostachya leaf clearly showed that it has better antioxidant activity, which was confirmed by different assays. Conclusion: From this work, it can be concluded that Hypoestes phyllostachya has the potential to be a good antioxidant but have only a lesser amount of flavonoids and polyphenolic contents. This was the first report on the pharmacological activity of the Hypoestes phyllostachya.

ASSESSMENT OF PHYTOCHEMICALS, TOTAL PHENOL, FLAVONOID CONTENT AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF LARGE CARDAMOM EXTRACTS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Kanthlal S. K. ◽  
Jipnomon Joseph ◽  
Bindhu P. Paul ◽  
Vijayakumar M ◽  
Rema Shree A. B. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Reducing Power Assay ◽  
Large Cardamom

Amomum subulatum, commonly known as large or black cardamom, is a commonly used spice in Indian kitchens and is traditionally used to treat various ailments. To add more knowledge about the medicinal values of the fruit, this study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of aqueous, methanol, ethanol, hydro alcohol, ethyl acetate, acetone and chloroform extracts of the fruit. Preliminary assessment was done to detect the presence of phytoconstituents using identification tests. The antioxidant activity was measured by employing methods such as diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, total antioxidant activity equivalent to ascorbic acid, reducing power assay and superoxide anion scavenging assay. The antioxidant activities were compared with their respective phenol and flavonoid contents. Preliminary assessment revealed that large cardamom fruit is a good source of all the bioactive constituents as well as phenol and flavonoid essential for medicinal values. The extract obtained by polar solvents showed the highest antioxidant efficacy in relation to its phenol content. Also, all the solvent-soluble fractions showed a concentration-dependent antioxidant effect. Results from our study prove that large cardamom can alleviate oxidative stress, suggesting the potential of large cardamom as a functional food

scholarly journals Analgesic and Antioxidant Activities of 4-Phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one and Its Long Carbon Chains Derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence Nguema Ongone ◽  
Redouane Achour ◽  
Mostafa El Ghoul ◽  
Latyfa El Ouasif ◽  
Meryem El Jemli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

The aim of this work is to deepen the pharmacological effect of 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives which have a similar structure to nonionic surfactants: 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one is the hydrophilic head, and the carbon chain is hydrophobic tail. The antinociceptive activity of 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives was determined using acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion tests. In addition, the in vitro antioxidant activities of the tested derivatives were determined by using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method and ferric reducing power assay. A single oral administration of these compounds at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg significantly reduced the number of abdominal writhes induced by acetic acid injection. Acute pretreatment with 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives at the dose of 100 mg/kg caused a significant increase in the tail withdrawal latency in the tail immersion test. Additionally, a significant scavenging activity in DPPH and reducing power was observed in testing antioxidant assays. Finally, we carried out a study of the antioxidant activity of these derivatives. The results of this study reveal that these compounds have a low antioxidant activity compared to the BHT. It decreases with the polarity of the molecule. The present study suggests that 4-phenyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives possess potent antinociceptive and antioxidant effects, which suggest that the tested compounds may be useful in the treatment of pain and oxidation disorders.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENCY OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OBTAINED FROM MEMECYLON SPECIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Tumkur Ramasetty Bharathi ◽  
Harishchandra Sripathy Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Antioxidant Potency ◽  
Reducing Power Assay ◽  
Different Doses

<p><strong>Objective: </strong><em>Memecylon</em> species is being extensively used in traditional medicine for the treatment of skin disorders and it is proved to possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. The present investigation was to study the effect of different solvent extracts of five <em>Memecylon</em> species such as <em>M. umbellatum</em>, <em>M. talbotianum</em>, <em>M. edule</em>, <em>M. malabaricum</em> and <em>M. wightii</em> on antidiabetic and antioxidant effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plant extracts were prepared using soxhlet apparatus using different solvents such as hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water and obtained extracts were subjected to antidiabetic (α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays) and antioxidant (2, 2-Diphenyl-2-Picryl Hydrazyl hydrate<strong> </strong>(DPPH), 2,2-Azino-bis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic acid)diammonium salt<strong> </strong>(ABTS), Superoxide radical scavenging assay<strong> (</strong>SRSA) and reducing power assays) evaluated at different doses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Methanol extracts of all five <em>Memecylon</em> species exhibited effective antidiabetic and antioxidant properties among them methanol extracts of <em>M. malabaricum</em> and <em>M. talbotianum</em> have highest biological activity. For α-amylase IC<sub>50</sub> value for both <em>M. malabaricum</em> and <em>M. talbotianum</em> was found to be 100 and 130 µg/reaction and IC<sub>50</sub> value for α-glucosidase was found to be 6.1 and 7.8 µg/reaction respectively. For DPPH the IC<sub>50</sub>value was found to be 190 µg/reaction, for ABTS 31-39 µg/reaction, for SRSA 950-1200 µg/reaction and for reducing power assay 420-490 µg/reaction respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicate that methanol extracts of <em>M. malabaricum</em> and <em>M. talbotianum</em> possess potent <em>in vitro </em>antidiabetic and antioxidant activities compared to other <em>Memecylon</em> species.</p>

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI PROTEASE ACTIVITIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF NILGIRIANTHUS HEYNEANUS NEES STEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
JENSON JACOB
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Powdered Material ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Screening In Vitro ◽  
Antiprotease Activity

Objective: The aim of this study was focussed on phytochemical screening, in vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activities of methanolic extract of Nilgirianthus heyneanus stem. Methods: The stem of the plant was washed thoroughly, shade dried and coarsely powdered. The powdered material of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem was extracted with methanol using soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screening for carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, phytosteroids, flavonoids, glycosides, polyphenolics, saponins, tannins was done by following standard procedure. In vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extract were assessed using DPPH, ABTS and total antioxidant capacity. In vitro anti-protease activity of the plant was analysed using trypsin as an enzyme and BAEE (N-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester) as a substrate. Results: The results showed that phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and polyphenolics are present in the methanolic extract of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem. The in vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activities of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem clearly showed that the plant has antioxidant and antiprotease activity. Conclusion: From this work, it can be concluded that Niligirianthus heyneanus stem has the potential to be a strong antioxidant and protease inhibitor.

Chemical Analysis, Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous and Organic Moroccan Juglans regia L. Bark Extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1328-1339
Author(s):  
Mohamed Boulfia ◽  
Fatima Lamchouri ◽  
Hamid Toufik
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Strongly Correlated

Background: The present study was conducted on the Moroccan Juglans regia L. bark, in comparison with other Juglans regia collected in other countries, to study the effects of the use of different extraction solvents (water, ethanol, acetone, and diethyl ether), aqueous and organic extraction method, hot and cold extraction by maceration modalities on the presence and content of the different phytochemicals, and on the antioxidant activity. Methods: Various solvents of increasing polarity were used for the preparation of aqueous and organic extracts. Afterwards, a phytochemical screening, an estimation of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins contents was conducted. The in vitro antioxidant activity was carried out by five tests: H2O2, ABTS, FRAP, DPPH, and reducing power. Subsequently, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to establish the correlation between phenol content and antioxidant activity. Results: Phytochemical analysis showed that the 9 extracts prepared are characterized by the presence of flavonoids, catechic tannins, saponins, anthraquinones, and quinones, and that the macerated acetone extract contains the highest content of phenolic compounds (327.972±0.06 μgEAG/mgE), flavonoids (1267.981±2.911 μgEQ/mgE), and tannins (38.056±1.886 μgEC/gE). The best antioxidant activity was obtained with the macerated acetone which was found to be the most active via the five different tests, with a percentage of scavenging of H2O2 equal at 24.13±1.81, a higher value of ABTS equal to 602.29±0.34 μgET/mgE. PCA allowed us to deduce that phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins are strongly correlated with antioxidant activity. Conclusion: Moroccan Juglans regia may be one of the potential sources of antioxidant compounds.

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SOME CITRUS FRUITS OF SOUTH INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Pallavi M` ◽  
Ramesh Ck ◽  
Krishna V ◽  
Sameera Parveen ◽  
Nanjunda Swamy L
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
South India ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Objective: The current investigation was contemplated to evaluate the phytochemicals and in vitro antioxidant activities in peel and pulp of some commercially grown citrus fruits of South India, namely, lemon (Citrus aurantifolia), orange (Citrus reticulata), sour orange (Citrus aurantium), pomello (Citrus grandis), and citron (Citrus medica).Methods: The peel and pulp of the fruits were separated and subjected to cold extraction using 70% alcohol. The extracts obtained were screened for the presence of their phytoconstituents using various qualitative and further quantified for major constituents. Further, the in vitro antioxidant activity was assayed by different radical scavenging methods, namely, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, superoxide anion, nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation inhibition, iron chelating activity, and reducing power assay at different concentrations.Results: All the citrus fruits have shown significant in vitro antioxidant activity for the parameters assessed, wherein peel extracts recorded superior antioxidant potential than their corresponding pulps. The broad range of activity of the extracts suggests that multiple mechanisms mediated by the phytoconstituents are responsible for the antioxidant activity.Conclusion: The study thus revealed that peel and pulp of citrus fruits are potential sources of bioactive compounds which are reflected in antioxidant activity and supports their health-promoting claims of plethora of investigations.

scholarly journals Comparison of phenolic content and antioxidant activity of two common fruits of Bangladesh in solvents of varying polarities

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
R. Ghosh ◽  
P. Barua ◽  
O. Sikder ◽  
S. Saha ◽  
S. Mojumder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Reducing Power Assay ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of two common fruits of Bangladesh, namely Phyllunthus emblica and Elaeocarpus floribundus, were measured in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and hexane extracts. Several in vitro models including phosphomolybdenum assay, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, FRAP assay and reducing power assay were used to assess the antioxidant activity of these extracts in comparison with reference antioxidants. Between the two fruits, P. emblica showed higher phenolic content and antioxidant activity in all the solvents used. In the DPPH scavenging assay, the activity of P. emblica extracts was close to reference antioxidants, ascorbic acid and BHT. Besides, considering the solvents used, extracts of both fruits had the highest phenolic and antioxidant activity in polar solvents. The correlation coefficient between total phenolics and antioxidant activities was found statistically significant. These findings suggest that P. emblica could be an excellent antioxidant resource for industries like food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics.

scholarly journals GC-MS, phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activities of leaves of Canavalia cathartica Thouars

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
Saraswathi K ◽  
◽  
Rajesh V ◽  
Saranya R ◽  
Arumugam P ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Effective Antioxidant ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Plants have been used for thousands of years to flavour and conserve food, to treat health disorders and to prevent diseases including epidemics. The knowledge of the anti-oxidant properties has been a promising method of assessing free radicals damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of leaves of Canavalia cathartica and to identify the bioactive compounds by performing GC-MS analysis resulting in the presence of volatile and semi volatile compounds. The IC50 of DPPH˙ radical, ABTS˙+ radical cation, Nitric oxide radical scavenging assays were 84.03, 51.18 and 351.78µg/mL concentration respectively. Also, the IC50 of Phosphomolybdenum reduction and ferric reducing power assay were 81.53 and 87.64µg/mL concentration respectively. The results of this study portray the effective antioxidant activity of Canavalia cathartica and further studies are required to isolate the active compounds from various parts of this species and their mode of action. From the study it can be concluded that the plant might be promising as a curative for many diseases associated with free radicals

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Cedrela toona Roxb. Leaf Extracts

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Kinjal H Shah ◽  
Piyush M Patel
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Potency ◽  
Reducing Power Assay ◽  
Β Carotene

Antioxidant potency of fruits of Cedrela toona Roxb. crude methanol and its fractionated extracts (hexane, acetone and water) have been investigated, employing three different established in vitro testing systems, such as scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, reducing power assay and β-carotene method. The methanol extract of fruits of Cedrela toona Roxb. showed the best DPPH scavenging activity with the lowest EC 50 34 μg/ml, followed by the acetone (EC 50 39 μg/ml), hexane (EC 50 48 μg/ml) and water extract (EC 50 54 μg/ml). The reducing power of Cedrela toona Roxb. fruit extracts increased steadily with increasing concentrations and varied significantly with different concentrations. The methanol and acetone extracts appeared to possess the highest significant reducing activity among the extracts. The stronger reducing power in the methanol and acetone extracts was probably due to the concentration of antioxidant compounds like flavonoids and phenolics in the extract. In the β-carotene bleaching assay, the antioxidant activities of all the fruits extracts gradually increased with increasing concentration of the extracts and varied significantly with different concentrations. The water extract showed the lowest significant antioxidant activity, while the methanol extract showed the highest significant antioxidant activity. The high antioxidant activity of methanol extract tested using β-carotene model may be correlated with the high phenolic content of the methanol extract.  In conclusion, antioxidant study suggested that fruits of Cedrela toona Roxb. are potential source of natural antioxidants. However, further investigations on in vivo antioxidant activities are highly recommended. In the present study, the antioxidant potency of Cedrela toona Roxb. crude methanol and its fractionated extracts (hexane, acetone and water) have been investigated, employing three different established in vitro testing systems, such as scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, reducing power assay and β-carotene method. There is no antioxidant study reported for Cedrela toona Roxb.Thus, antioxidant activity of Cedrela toona Roxb. was evaluated as it had not been determined previously.

Curcumin-based antioxidant and glycohydrolase inhibitor compounds: Synthesis and in vitro appraisal of the dual activity against diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Esmaeili ◽  
Nazanin Ghobadi ◽  
Donya Nazari ◽  
Alireza Pourhossein ◽  
Hassan Rasouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Curcumin Derivatives ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Background: Curcumin, as the substantial constituent of the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa), plays a significant role in the prevention of various diseases, including diabetes. It possesses ideal structure features as enzyme inhibitor, including a flexible backbone, hydrophobic nature, and several available hydrogen bond (H-bond) donors and acceptors. Objective: The present study aimed at synthesizing several novel curcumin derivatives and further evaluation of these compounds for possible antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties along with inhibitory effect against two carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase, as these enzymes are therapeutic targets for attenuation of postprandial hyperglycemia. Methods: Therefore, curcumin-based pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and identified using an instrumental technique like NMR spectroscopy and then screened for antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential. Total antioxidant activity, reducing power assay and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH• ) radical scavenging activity were done to appraisal the antioxidant potential of these compounds in vitro. Results: Compounds L6-L9 showed higher antioxidant activity while L4, L9, L12 and especially L8 exhibited the best selectivity index (lowest α-amylase/α-glucosidase inhibition ratio). Conclusion: These antioxidant inhibitors may be potential anti-diabetic drugs, not only to reduce glycemic index but also to limit the activity of the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing pathways.

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