Risk factors and seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigenemia in mothers and their preschool age children in Ilorin, Nigeria

Abstract Objective: This study was conducted to explore the risk factors of increased BMI /Age Z score > + 2 SD in the preschool children. Result: BMI/Age Z score > + 2 SD was found in 19.5% (146 /748) of the children. It was significantly more common among the children from areas with high socio-economic level (OR: 2.434; 95% CI 1.543, 3.841, and p < 0.000). Risk of being obese was significantly higher among the males (OR 0.630; 95% CI 0.431, 0.920, and p < 0.017) compared to females. The increased duration of breast feeding in infancy, was significantly associated with increased BMI/Age Z-score (b= 0.027, p< 0.004). Decreased age of the child was significantly associated with increased BMI/Age Z-score (b= - 0.013, p < 0.004). The children with stunted growth were 6.7 times fold likely to have BMI/Age Z Score > + 2 SD compared to the normal children (OR 6.733; 95% CI 3.799, 10.800, and p < 0.000), after allowing for other factors. No significant association was found between allergic disorders and BMI/Age Z score > + 2 SD.

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Persistence of anaemia among Samoan preschool age children: a longitudinal study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980021003980 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Bohao Wu ◽

Courtney C Choy ◽

Anna C Rivara ◽

Christina Soti-Ulberg ◽

Take Naseri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Targeted Prevention ◽

Adjusted Relative Risk ◽

Dietary Iron ◽

Growing Up ◽

Iron Intake ◽

Older Mothers ◽

Preschool Age Children

Abstract Objective: To characterise the prevalence and persistence of anaemia among Samoan children over a 2–3-year period. Design: Data were from two consecutive waves (2015 and 2017–2018) of the Ola Tuputupua’e ‘Growing up’ study. Anaemia (Hb < 11·0 or 11·5 g/dl for 2–4 and ≥ 5 years old, respectively) was considered ‘transient’ when it occurred at only one wave or ‘persistent’ if it was present at two consecutive waves. Child, maternal and household correlates of anaemia were examined using log-binomial and modified Poisson regressions. Setting: Eleven Samoan villages. Participants: Mother–child pairs (n 257) recruited in 2015 and reassessed in 2017–2018. Results: Anaemia prevalence was 33·9 % in 2015 and 28·0 % in 2017–2018; 35·6 % of cases identified in 2015 were persistent. Risk of anaemia at only one wave was lower among children who were older in 2015 (age 4 v. 2 years, adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 0·54, (95 % CI 0·35, 0·84), P = 0·007), had older mothers (≥ 40 v. 18–29 years, aRR = 0·61, (95 % CI 0·39, 0·95), P = 0·029) and had higher daily sodium intake (for every 100 mg/d, aRR = 0·97, (95 % CI 0·95, 0·99), P = 0·003) than children with no anaemia. Children whose anaemia persisted were more likely to have had a mother with anaemia (aRR = 2·13, (95 % CI 1·17, 3·89), P = 0·013) and had higher daily dietary iron intake (for every 10 mg/d, aRR = 4·69, (95 % CI 1·33, 16·49), P = 0·016) than those with no anaemia. Conclusions: Alongside broadly targeted prevention efforts, which are warranted given the moderate-high anaemia prevalence observed, specific attention should be paid to children with risk factors for persistent anaemia. Routine screening of children whose mothers have anaemia should be encouraged.

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Influences of pre-, peri- and postoperative risk factors in neonatal cardiac surgery on neurodevelopmental status in preschool-age children

Critical Care ◽

10.1186/cc676 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 4 (S4) ◽

Author(s):

HH Hövels-Gürich ◽

M-C Seghaye ◽

M Sigler ◽

A Bartl ◽

F Kotlarek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Postoperative Risk ◽

Preschool Age Children ◽

Neonatal Cardiac Surgery

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Parasite and maternal risk factors for malnutrition in preschool-age children in Belen, Peru using the new WHO Child Growth Standards

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507795272 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 98 (6) ◽

pp. 1259-1266 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Martin Casapía ◽

Serene A. Joseph ◽

Carmen Núñez ◽

Elham Rahme ◽

Theresa W. Gyorkos

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

High Intensity ◽

Maternal Education ◽

High Growth ◽

Child Growth ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Maternal Risk ◽

Growth Standards ◽

Preschool Age Children ◽

Maternal Bmi

Child malnutrition, including wasting, underweight and stunting, is associated with infections, poor nutrient intake, and environmental and socio-demographic factors. Preschool-age children are especially vulnerable due to their high growth requirements. To target interventions for preschool-age children in a community of extreme poverty in Peru, we conducted a household survey between October 2005 and January 2006 to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and its risk factors. Of 252 children < 5 years old, the prevalence of wasting, underweight and stunting was 26·6, 28·6 and 32·1 %, respectively, based on the new WHO Child Growth Standards. Risk factors for wasting were: (1) moderate–high intensity Trichuris infection (OR 2·50; 95 % CI 1·06, 5·93); (2) hookworm infection (OR 6·67; 95 % CI 1·08, 41·05); (3) age (OR6-month 1·27; 95 % CI 1·11, 1·46); (4) maternal education (secondary incomplete) (OR 5·77; 95 % CI 2·38, 13·99); and (5) decreasing maternal BMI (OR1 kg/m2 1·12; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·23). Risk factors for underweight were: (1) moderate–high intensity Trichuris infection (OR 4·74; 95 % CI 1·99, 11·32); (2) age (OR6-month 1·22; 95 % CI 1·07, 1·38); (3) maternal education (secondary incomplete) (OR 2·92; 95 % CI 1·40, 6·12); and (4) decreasing maternal BMI (OR1 kg/m2 1·11; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·21). Risk factors for stunting were: (1) age (OR6-month 1·14; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·27) and (2) decreasing maternal height (OR1 cm 1·12; 95 % CI 1·06, 1·20). Overall, risk factors for malnutrition included both child and maternal determinants. Based on these data, locally appropriate and cost-effective dietary, de-worming and educational programmes should be targeted to mothers and preschool-age children.

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