High PD-L1 expression on immune cells, but not on tumor cells, is a favorable prognostic factor in urothelial carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaofeng Zhong ◽  
Jianzhong Shou ◽  
Jianming Ying ◽  
Yun Ling ◽  
Yue Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Poor Overall Survival ◽  
Favorable Prognostic Factor ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Stage T1

Aims: To explore the prognostic value of high PD-L1 expression on tumor cells (TC) and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIIC) in urothelial carcinoma (UC). Patients & methods: 162 UC specimens were evaluated for PD-L1 expression on TIIC and TC with the SP263 assay. High PD-L1 expression was defined as ≥25% staining. Results: High PD-L1 expression on TC in UC patients with stage T1–4 disease was associated with poor overall survival. However, high PD-L1 expression on TIIC in UC patients with stage T1–4 disease revealed favorable disease-free and overall survival; more significant differences were observed in patients with stages T2–4. Multivariate analysis revealed that high PD-L1 expression on TIIC was an independent prognostic predictor for better disease-free and overall survival. Conclusion: High PD-L1 expression on TIIC, but not on TC, is a favorable prognostic factor in UC.

scholarly journals Prognostic value of the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio in colorectal cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Kai Liao ◽  
Yen-Lin Yu ◽  
Yueh-Chen Lin ◽  
Yu-Jen Hsu ◽  
Yih-Jong Chern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Poor Overall Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Disease Free

Abstract Backgrounds The inflammatory biomarker “C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR)” has been reported to significantly correlate to a variety of human cancers. However, there are conflicting results regarding the prognostic value of CAR in colorectal cancer. Previous studies mainly assessed patients in Eastern countries, so their findings may not be applicable to the Western population. Therefore, this updated meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prognostic value of pre-treatment CAR and outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods We conducted a systematic search for eligible literature until October 31, 2020, using PubMed and Embase databases. Studies assessing pre-treatment CAR and outcomes of colorectal cancer were included. Outcome measures included overall survival, disease-free survival, progression-free survival, and clinicopathological features. The pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used as effective values. Results A total of 15 studies involving 6329 patients were included in this study. The pooled results indicated that a high pre-treatment CAR was associated with poor overall survival (HR 2.028, 95% CI 1.808−2.275, p < 0.001) and poor disease-free survival/progression-free survival (HR 1.768, 95% CI 1.321–2.365, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed a constant prognostic value of the pre-treatment CAR despite different study regions, sample size, cancer stage, treatment methods, or the cut-off value used. We also noted a correlation between high pre-treatment CAR and old age, male sex, colon cancer, advanced stage (III/IV), large tumor size, poor differentiation, elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and the modified Glasgow prognostic score. Conclusions High pre-treatment CAR was associated with poor overall survival, disease-free survival, and progression-free survival in colorectal cancer. It can serve as a prognostic marker for colorectal cancer in clinical practice.

Gene Expression Profiling of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas Supervised by CD21 Expression.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2029-2029
Author(s):  
Kana Miyazaki ◽  
Motoko Yamaguchi ◽  
Miho Kimura ◽  
Shoko Ogawa ◽  
Satoshi Ueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
B Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Poor Prognostic Factor ◽  
Signature Genes ◽  
Favorable Prognostic Factor ◽  
Large B Cell

Abstract We have reported that CD21 expression in tumor cells is a favorable prognostic factor in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs)(Ogawa S, et al. Br J Haematol, 2004; 125: 180–86). In the present study, we investigated the relationship between CD21 expression and the groups of germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) DLBCLs and activated B-cell-like (ABC) DLBCLs. The diagnosis of DLBCL was made according to the WHO Classification. CD21 in tumor cells was examined by means of immunohistochemistry using frozen sections. Forty cases of DLBCLs were investigated using Agilent 44K human oligo-microarrays (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA). GCB and ABC DLBCLs were identified based on Rosenwald’s gene set (Rosenwald A, et al. N Engl J Med, 2002; 346: 1937–47). Four cases (10 %) of 40 DLBCLs were found to be GCB DLBCLs, and 36 cases ABC DLBCLs. Incidence of CD21-positive cases was 50% (2/4) in GCB DLBCLs and 39% (14/36) in ABC DLBCLs. Overall survival of 36 patient with ABC DLBCLs were shown in Fig.1. Fig. 1 Fig. 1. Signature genes to distinguish between CD21-positive and CD21-negative DLBCLs were as follows; IgM (P=0.00017), CCR6 (P=0.0011), IL7 (P=0.0017), IgK (P=0.0037), EBI2 (P=0.0066), CD24 (P=0.0099) etc. were overexpressed in CD21-negative DLBCLs, and CR2 (CD21) (P=0.0010), MKNK2 (P=0.0028), LMO2 (P=0.00478), CDKN2A (P=0.0059), PDE8B (P=0.0066) etc. were overexpressed in CD21-positive DLBCLs. In 40 cases of DLBCLs, overall survival of patients with sIgM-positive DLBCL was significantly worse than that of patients with sIgM-negative DLBCL (P=0.023). Furthermore, in 216 consecutive cases of DLBCLs analyzed by immunohistochemistry using frozen sections from 1987 to 2004, overall survival according to sIgM expression was significantly different (P=0.013). In conclusion,CD21 expression was a favorable prognostic factor in ABC DLBCLs.A top feature gene to distinguish between CD21-positive and CD21-negative DLBCLs was IgM. CD21 expression seemed to be related to the differentiation level of lymphoma cells.sIgM expression itself was a poor prognostic factor in ABC DLBCLs and in whole DLBCLs.

scholarly journals Toll-like receptor 3 as a new marker to detect high risk early stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Bianchi ◽  
Massimo Milione ◽  
Patrizia Casalini ◽  
Giovanni Centonze ◽  
Valentino M. Le Noci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Poor Overall Survival ◽  
Early Stage Nsclc ◽  
Tlr3 Expression

Abstract Immune and epithelial cells express TLR3, a receptor deputed to respond to microbial signals activating the immune response. The prognostic value of TLR3 in cancer is debated and no data are currently available in NSCLC, for which therapeutic approaches that target the immune system are providing encouraging results. Dissecting the lung immune microenvironment could provide new prognostic markers, especially for early stage NSCLC for which surgery is the only treatment option. In this study we investigated the expression and the prognostic value of TLR3 on both tumor and immune compartments of stage I NSCLCs. In a cohort of 194 NSCLC stage I, TLR3 immunohistochemistry expression on tumor cells predicted a favorable outcome of early stage NSCLC, whereas on the immune cells infiltrating the tumor stroma, TLR3 expression associated with a poor overall survival. Patients with TLR3-positive immune infiltrating cells, but not tumor cells showed a worse prognosis compared with all other patients. The majority of TLR3-expressing immune cells resulted to be macrophages and TLR3 expression associates with PD-1 expression. TLR3 has an opposite prognostic significance when expressed on tumor or immune cells in early stage NCSCL. Analysis of TLR3 in tumor and immune cells can help in identifying high risk stage I patients for which adjuvant treatment would be beneficial.

scholarly journals Combination of GP88 Expression in Tumor Cells and Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Bladder Cancer Patients

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1796
Author(s):  
Markus Eckstein ◽  
Verena Lieb ◽  
Rudolf Jung ◽  
Danijel Sikic ◽  
Katrin Weigelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Poor Prognostic Factor ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
Disease Specific

Urothelial bladder cancer (BCa) is the ninth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and accounts for approximately 3% of global cancer diagnoses. We are interested in prognostic markers that may characterize tumor cells (TCs) and immune cells (ICs) and their relationship in BCa. A potential candidate marker that meets these criteria is progranulin (GP88), which is expressed separately in TCs and ICs. We analyzed GP88 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 196 muscle-invasive BCa samples using a tissue microarray. The immunoreactive score for GP88 staining in TCs and the percentage of GP88-positive ICs was determined. An easy cutoff for the staining status of TCs (positive vs. negative) and ICs (0% vs. >0%) and, more generally, negative vs. positive GP88 staining could be applied. We detected 93 patients (47.4%) and 92 patients (46.9%) with GP88-positive TCs or ICs, respectively. The IHC results were correlated with clinicopathological and survival data. Positive GP88 staining in TCs appeared to be an independent poor prognostic factor for disease-specific survival (DSS) (RR (relative risk) = 1.74; p = 0.009) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (RR = 1.92; p = 0.002). In contrast, negative GP88 staining in ICs was an independent negative predictor for overall survival (OS) (RR = 2.18; p < 0.001), DSS (RR = 2.84; p < 0.001) and RFS (RR = 2.91; p < 0.001) in multivariate Cox’s regression analysis. When combining GP88 staining in TCs and ICs, a specific combination of GP88-positive TCs and GP88-negative ICs was associated with a 2.54-fold increased risk of death, a 4.21-fold increased risk of disease-specific death and a 4.81-fold increased risk of recurrence compared to GP88-negative TCs and GP88-positive ICs. In summary, GP88 positivity in TCs is a negative prognostic factor for DSS and RFS. In addition, GP88 positivity can mark ICs that are associated with a good prognosis (OS, DSS and RFS). The combination of GP88 staining in TCs and ICs appears to be a significant independent prognostic biomarker in muscle-invasive BCa.

Prognostic value of peripheral naive CD8+ T cells in oligometastatic non-small-cell lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Zhenlin Gao ◽  
Yaguang Han
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Free Survival

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of peripheral naive and memory CD8+ and CD4+ T cells and other immune cells in patients with oligometastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing radiotherapy (RT). Methods: A total of 142 patients with oligometastatic NSCLC treated with RT were enrolled, and their blood samples were collected within 3 days before RT. Immune cells were identified by flow cytometry. Results: Patients with high levels of naive CD8+ T cells had longer overall survival (p = 0.004) and progression-free survival (p = 0.001) than those with low levels of naive CD8+ T cells. Multivariate analyses revealed that naive CD8+ T cells were independently correlated with overall survival (p = 0.019) and progression-free survival (p = 0.024). Conclusion: The results suggest that peripheral naive CD8+ T cells may be an independent prognostic indicator for patients with oligometastatic NSCLC undergoing RT.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte index as prognostic factor for overall survival and disease-free survival in breast cancer patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Guillermo Peralta-Castillo ◽  
Antonio Maffuz-Aziz ◽  
Mariana Sierra-Murguía ◽  
Sergio Rodriguez-Cuevas
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Disease Free

scholarly journals Circulating Tumor Cells and Cancer Stem Cells: Clinical Implications in Nonmetastatic Breast Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. BCBCR.S40856 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sayed ◽  
A.M. Zahran ◽  
M.S.F. Hassan ◽  
D.O. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
The Third ◽  
Disease Free

Purpose Despite the therapeutic advances, disease recurrence remains an ever-present threat to the health and well-being of breast cancer survivors. Assessment of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) during and after treatment may be of value in refining treatment. Methods Three 5 mL blood samples were taken from each patient: the first, at diagnosis; the second, after completion of neoadjuvant anthracyclin-based chemotherapy; and the third, a month after surgery and completion of adjuvant radiotherapy. The absolute numbers of CTCs were identified as CD45-cytokeratin+ cells. CTCs per 5 mL of blood were determined by recording all events in the whole suspension. CSCs were identified as cytokeratin+CD44+CD24-/CD45- cells. The CSCs were expressed as a percentage of CTCs. Results Univariate analysis identified the measurements of baseline CTCs and CSCs, taken after chemotherapy and one month after the cessation of radiotherapy, as prognostic factors for both four-year disease-free survival and four-year overall survival. Multivariable analysis identified the third measurement of CSCs, taken one month after the completion of radiotherapy, as the only independent prognostic factor for the four-year disease-free survival (P < 0.002, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.231, 95% CI 1.077–1.407). The initial CTC measurement was the one factor that reached significance on multivariate analysis (P < 0.03, HR 1.969, 95% CI 1.092–3.551) for the four-year overall survival. Correlation was higher between CTC and CSC counts at diagnosis ( r = 0.654, P < 0.001) than after chemotherapy ( r = 0.317, P < 0.03), because of the more rapid decrease in the mean CTC count with chemotherapy. Conclusion The CTC count could be suitable as one of the measures for monitoring response to chemotherapy, while persistence of CSC after cessation of the treatment of nonmetastatic breast cancer, except hormonal therapy when indicated, may be a reason to consider additional therapy in the future. These findings need confirmation in larger randomized trials.

Disease-free survival as a surrogate for overall survival in upper tract urothelial carcinoma

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harun Fajkovic ◽  
Eugene K. Cha ◽  
Evanguelos Xylinas ◽  
Michael Rink ◽  
Armin Pycha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Upper Tract ◽  
Disease Free

Predictive Prognostic Value of Tissue-Based MicroRNA Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 759-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Troiano ◽  
F. Mastrangelo ◽  
V.C.A. Caponio ◽  
L. Laino ◽  
N. Cirillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Disease Free

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of cancer characterized by a low survival rate, mostly due to local recurrence and metastasis. In view of the importance of predicting tumor behavior in the choice of treatment strategies for OSCC, several studies have attempted to investigate the prognostic value of tissue biomarkers, including microRNA (miRNA). The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between miRNA expression and survival of OSCC patients. Studies were identified by searching on MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Quality assessment of studies was performed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data were collected from cohort studies comparing disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with high miRNA expression compared to those with low expression. A total of 15 studies featuring 1,200 OSCC samples, predominantly from Asia, met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Poor prognosis correlated with upregulation of 9 miRNAs (miR-21, miR-455-5p, miiR-155-5p, miR-372, miR-373, miR-29b, miR-1246, miR-196a, and miR-181) and downregulation of 7 miRNAs (miR-204, miR-101, miR-32, miR-20a, miR-16, miR-17, and miR-125b). The pooled hazard ratio values (95% confidence interval) related to different miRNA expression for overall survival and disease-free survival were 2.65 (2.07–3.39) and 1.95 (1.28–2.98), respectively. The results of this meta-analysis revealed that the expression levels of specific miRNAs can robustly predict prognosis of OSCC patients.

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