Are nanotechnological approaches the future of treating inflammatory diseases?

Nanomedicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 2379-2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Antonietta Rizzuto ◽  
Lucia Salvioni ◽  
Rany Rotem ◽  
Miriam Colombo ◽  
Ivan Zanoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Autoimmune Disorders ◽  
Drug Accumulation ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

The current treatments for chronic inflammatory diseases cause severe side effects due to nonspecific drug accumulation. Nanotechnology opens the way to new therapeutic strategies that exploit the ability of immune cells, and especially of phagocytes, to internalize nanoparticles. The cellular uptake of nanoparticles requires specific interactions and is affected by the chemical and physical properties of the carriers. Therefore, optimizing these properties is crucial for designing nanodrugs for immunotherapy. In perspective, we discuss the nanoparticle-based approaches that have been proposed to induce tolerance in autoimmune disorders and lessen the symptoms of inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Retinoic Acid-Containing Liposomes for the Induction of Antigen-Specific Regulatory T Cells as a Treatment for Autoimmune Diseases

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1949
Author(s):  
Daniëlle ter Braake ◽  
Naomi Benne ◽  
Chun Yin Jerry Lau ◽  
Enrico Mastrobattista ◽  
Femke Broere
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽  
Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Targeted Approach

The current treatment of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases entails systemic immune suppression, which is associated with increased susceptibility to infections. To restore immune tolerance and reduce systemic side effects, a targeted approach using tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) is being explored. TolDCs are characterized by the expression of CD11c, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)II and low levels of co-stimulatory molecules CD40 and CD86. In this study, tolDCs were generated using a human-proteoglycan-derived peptide (hPG) and all-trans retinoic acid (RA). RA-tolDCs not only display a tolerogenic phenotype but also can induce an antigen-specific regulatory T cell (Treg) response in vitro. However, further analysis showed that RA-tolDCs make up a heterogeneous population of DCs, with only a small proportion being antigen-associated tolDCs. To increase the homogeneity of this population, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (DSPG)-containing liposomes were used to encapsulate the relevant antigen together with RA. These liposomes greatly enhanced the proportion of antigen-associated tolDCs in culture. In addition, in mice, we showed that the liposomal co-delivery of antigen and RA can be a more targeted approach to induce antigen-specific tolerance compared to the injection of RA-tolDCs, and that these liposomes can stimulate the generation of antigen-specific Tregs. This work highlights the importance of the co-delivery of an antigen and immunomodulator to minimize off-target effects and systemic side effects and provides new insights in the use of RA for antigen-specific immunotherapy for autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Inflammation Resolution: Implications for Atherosclerosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-148
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Doran
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Inflammation Resolution

Resolution is an active and highly coordinated process that occurs in response to inflammation to limit tissue damage and promote repair. When the resolution program fails, inflammation persists. It is now understood that failed resolution is a major underlying cause of many chronic inflammatory diseases. Here, we will review the major failures of resolution in atherosclerosis, including the imbalance of proinflammatory to pro-resolving mediator production, impaired clearance of dead cells, and functional changes in immune cells that favor ongoing inflammation. In addition, we will briefly discuss new concepts that are emerging as possible regulators of resolution and highlight the translational significance for the field.

scholarly journals Metallothionein 1: A New Spotlight on Inflammatory Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanying Dai ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Lingyun Li ◽  
Zhong Huang ◽  
Liang Ye
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Stress Protein ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Immunosuppressive Factors

MT1 has been demonstrated to be an essential stress protein in maintaining physiological balance and regulating immune homeostasis. While the immunological involvement of MT1 in central nervous system disorders and cancer has been extensively investigated, mounting evidence suggests that MT1 has a broader role in inflammatory diseases and can shape innate and adaptive immunity. In this review, we will first summarize the biological features of MT1 and the regulators that influence MT1 expression, emphasizing metal, inflammation, and immunosuppressive factors. We will then focus on the immunoregulatory function of MT1 on diverse immune cells and the signaling pathways regulated by MT1. Finally, we will discuss recent advances in our knowledge of the biological role of MT1 in several inflammatory diseases to develop novel therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals An introduction to biomaterial-based strategies for curbing autoimmunity

2016 ◽  
Vol 241 (10) ◽  
pp. 1107-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal S Lewis ◽  
Riley P Allen
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Autoimmune Disorders ◽  
Temporal Control ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Wide Scale

Recently, scientists have made significant progress in the development of immunotherapeutics that correct aberrant, autoimmune responses. Yet, concerns about the safety, efficacy, and wide scale applicability continue to hinder use of contemporary, immunology-based strategies. There is a clear need for therapies that finely control molecular and cellular elements of the immune system. Biomaterial engineers have taken up this challenge to develop therapeutics with selective spatial and temporal control of immune cells. In this review, we introduce the immunology of autoimmune disorders, survey the current therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases, and highlight the ongoing research efforts to engineer the immune system using biomaterials, for positive therapeutic outcomes in treatment of autoimmune disorders.

scholarly journals Immunologically Inert Nanostructures as Selective Therapeutic Tools in Inflammatory Diseases

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 707
Author(s):  
Laura Talamini ◽  
Eiji Matsuura ◽  
Luisa De Cola ◽  
Sylviane Muller
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Autoimmune Disorders ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

The current therapies based on immunosuppressant or new biologic drugs often show some limitations in term of efficacy and applicability, mainly because of their inadequate targeting and of unwanted adverse reactions they generate. To overcome these inherent problems, in the last decades, innovative nanocarriers have been developed to encapsulate active molecules and offer novel promising strategies to efficiently modulate the immune system. This review provides an overview of how it is possible, exploiting the favorable features of nanocarriers, especially with regard to their immunogenicity, to improve the bioavailability of novel drugs that selectively target immune cells in the context of autoimmune disorders and inflammatory diseases. A focus is made on nanoparticles that selectively target neutrophils in inflammatory pathologies.

scholarly journals Targeting the Notch Signaling Pathway in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis F. Christopoulos ◽  
Torleif T. Gjølberg ◽  
Stig Krüger ◽  
Guttorm Haraldsen ◽  
Jan Terje Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Notch Signaling Pathway ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
The Impact

The Notch signaling pathway regulates developmental cell-fate decisions and has recently also been linked to inflammatory diseases. Although therapies targeting Notch signaling in inflammation in theory are attractive, their design and implementation have proven difficult, at least partly due to the broad involvement of Notch signaling in regenerative and homeostatic processes. In this review, we summarize the supporting role of Notch signaling in various inflammation-driven diseases, and highlight efforts to intervene with this pathway by targeting Notch ligands and/or receptors with distinct therapeutic strategies, including antibody designs. We discuss this in light of lessons learned from Notch targeting in cancer treatment. Finally, we elaborate on the impact of individual Notch members in inflammation, which may lay the foundation for development of therapeutic strategies in chronic inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Anti-leishmanial and Anti-inflammatory Agents from Endophytes: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rufin Marie Kouipou Toghueo
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Leishmaniases and chronic inflammatory diseases are the cause of millions of deaths in the world each year. The treatment of leishmaniasis is facing serious drawbacks particularly due to the limited number of effective medicines, the resistance, and the toxicity of available drugs. On the other hand, many drugs are used for the management of inflammatory disorders. However, the most commonly prescribed although efficient is highly toxic with multiples side effects. New leads compounds for the development of new anti-leishmanial and anti-inflammatory drugs are needed. Over the past decade, several studies on the potential of endophytes to produce bioactive metabolites have been reported. We are presenting in the present review the status of research from 2000 to 2019 on the anti-leishmanial and anti-inflammatory metabolites isolated from endophytes from diverse habitats. An emphasis was put on existing gaps in the literature to inspire and guide future investigations. We hope that this review will help accelerate the drug discovery against leishmaniases and inflammation-associated disorders. Graphic Abstract

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