scholarly journals An assessment of patient perspectives on pharmacogenomics educational materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gladys B Asiedu ◽  
Lila J Finney Rutten ◽  
Amenah Agunwamba ◽  
Suzette J Bielinski ◽  
Jennifer L St. Sauver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Perspectives ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Educational Video ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cover Letter ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Case Vignettes ◽  
Improve Patient

Aim: Pharmacogenomics (PGx) holds potential to improve patient treatment; yet, effective patient educational materials are limited. Materials & methods: Using a ‘think aloud’ technique, we sought to understand comprehension and perceptions of a multimedia PGx results packet including a cover letter with QR code to an educational video, brochure and prototype report in the context of PGx case vignettes. Results: The cover letter and video components were viewed less favorably due to excess detail, complex jargon and technology challenges. Recommendations were to enhance comprehension and utility and to customize materials to each patient’s medications or disease conditions. Conclusion: Educational materials were revised to improve comprehension and usability, and diminish concerns to better prepare patients to understand the importance of discussing test results with their provider.

Effect of Urine Latex Agglutination Tests on the Treatment of Children at Risk for Invasive Bacterial Infection

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 951-954
Author(s):  
Penny M. Adcock ◽  
Ronald I. Paul ◽  
Gary S. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Invasive Bacterial Infection ◽  
Group B ◽  
Site Identification

Background. Identifying febrile children with invasive bacterial infection is difficult in the absence of telltale physical findings. Urine latex agglutination (ULA) tests have been used for rapid, on-site identification of such children. Objectives. To study the performance of ULA tests in identifying children with Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and group B streptococcus infection and to examine how the results of ULA tests affect patient treatment. Design. Retrospective review. Setting. Urban children's hospital. Patients. All emergency department and hospital patients tested by ULA in 1990, excluding patients in the neonatal units. Results. Of 1629 patients, 36 had positive tests (20 H influenzae, 5 S pneumoniae, and 11 group B streptococcus). Thirteen of these were false positive based on culture results. Although ULA tests demonstrated excellent specificity, their sensitivity was poor. Positive predictive values for bacteremia ranged from 0.346 to 0.600, and negative predictive values ranged from 0.972 to 0.997. The decision to treat with antibiotics was made before ULA test results were available in 19 (53%) of the 36 patients with positive test results. Of 1593 patients with negative test results, 1211 (76%) were admitted to the hospital, and approximately 81% were empirically treated with parenteral antibiotics. Conclusions. In clinical practice, treatment and disposition decisions are frequently made without regard to ULA test results.

scholarly journals Improving patient-provider communication about chronic pain: development and feasibility testing of a shared decision-making tool

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nananda Col ◽  
Stephen Hull ◽  
Vicky Springmann ◽  
Long Ngo ◽  
Ernie Merritt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Nominal Group Technique ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Treatment Goals ◽  
Provider Communication ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Patient Provider Communication ◽  
Beta Testing ◽  
Improve Patient

Abstract Background Chronic pain has emerged as a disease in itself, affecting a growing number of people. Effective patient-provider communication is central to good pain management because pain can only be understood from the patient’s perspective. We aimed to develop a user-centered tool to improve patient-provider communication about chronic pain and assess its feasibility in real-world settings in preparation for further evaluation and distribution. Methods To identify and prioritize patient treatment goals for chronic pain, strategies to improve patient-provider communication about chronic pain, and facilitate implementation of the tool, we conducted nominal group technique meetings and card sorting with patients with chronic pain and experienced providers (n = 12). These findings informed the design of the PainAPP tool. Usability and beta-testing with patients (n = 38) and their providers refined the tool and assessed its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact. Results Formative work revealed that patients felt neither respected nor trusted by their providers and focused on transforming providers’ negative attitudes towards them, whereas providers focused on gathering patient information. PainAPP incorporated areas prioritized by patients and providers: assessing patient treatment goals and preferences, functional abilities and pain, and providing patients tailored education and an overall summary that patients can share with providers. Beta-testing involved 38 patients and their providers. Half of PainAPP users shared their summaries with their providers. Patients rated PainAPP highly in all areas. All users would recommend it to others with chronic pain; nearly all trusted the information and said it helped them think about my treatment goals (94%), understand my chronic pain (82%), make the most of my next doctor’s visit (82%), and not want to use opioids (73%). Beta-testing revealed challenges delivering the tool and summary report to patients and providers in a timely manner and obtaining provider feedback. Conclusions PainAPP appears feasible for use, but further adaptation and testing is needed to assess its impact on patients and providers. Trial registration This study was approved by the University of New England Independent Review Board for the Protection of Human Subjects in Research (012616–019) and was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (protocol ID: NCT03425266) prior to enrollment. The trial was prospectively registered and was approved on February 7, 2018.

scholarly journals Closing the loop on test results to reduce communication failures: a rapid review of evidence, practice and patient perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanna Wright ◽  
Alyse Lennox ◽  
Mark L. Graber ◽  
Peter Bragge
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Patient Perspectives ◽  
Audit And Feedback ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Communication Breakdown ◽  
Closing The Loop ◽  
Test Result

Abstract Background Communication failures involving test results contribute to issues of patient harm and sentinel events. This article aims to synthesise review evidence, practice insights and patient perspectives addressing problems encountered in the communication of diagnostic test results. Methods The rapid review identified ten systematic reviews and four narrative reviews. Five practitioner interviews identified insights into interventions and implementation, and a citizen panel with 15 participants explored the patient viewpoint. Results The rapid review provided support for the role of technology to ensure effective communication; behavioural interventions such as audit and feedback could be effective in changing clinician behaviour; and point-of-care tests (bedside testing) eliminate the communication breakdown problem altogether. The practice interviews highlighted transparency, and clarifying the lines of responsibility as central to improving test result communication. Enabling better information sharing, implementing adequate planning and utilising technology were also identified in the practice interviews as viable strategies to improve test result communication. The citizen panel highlighted technology as critical to improving communication of test results to both health professionals and patients. Patients also highlighted the importance of having different ways of accessing test results, which is particularly pertinent when ensuring suitability for vulnerable populations. Conclusions This paper draws together multiple perspectives on the problem of failures in diagnostic test results communication to inform appropriate interventions. Across the three studies, technology was identified as the most feasible option for closing the loop on test result communication. However, the importance of clear, consistent communication and more streamlined processes were also key elements that emerged. Review registration The protocol for the rapid review was registered with PROSPERO CRD42018093316.

Te impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT in staging of non-small cell lung cancer patients: the key to improve patient treatment strategy

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Oliveira Bretas ◽  
Juliana Barroso Guedes ◽  
Fernanda Monteiro Castro Carvalho ◽  
Marcelo Viana ◽  
Nilson Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Improve Patient

scholarly journals Laboratory Reporting of Tuberculosis Test Results and Patient Treatment Initiation in California

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 4209-4213 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pascopella ◽  
S. Kellam ◽  
J. Ridderhof ◽  
D. P. Chin ◽  
A. Reingold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Test Results

scholarly journals Analisys and Implementation Cloud-based Biometricauthentication in Mobile Platform

Kursor ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostinho Marques Ximenes ◽  
Sritrusta Sukaridhoto ◽  
Amang Sudarsono ◽  
Hasan Basri
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Mobile Platform ◽  
Communication Security ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cloud Server ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

Based on the Indonesian Central of Statistics the level of poverty people in September 2018 was 25.95 million, based on data, the government allocation care fund the reduce poverty people, the fund are given through the bank. However, banks cannot allocation funds because the cost for build infrastructure is expensive, such as making an ATM. about that, the banks need to find a new solution to allocation care fund to the poverty people, Mobile Platform Biometric Cloud Authentication is one  solution. In this study, the experimentationn of the biometric face recognized( face data  enrypt and decript by algoritma AES 256 bit) to secure online payment mobile application based on the QR Code scan and face recognition[8,10]. The concentration of this study lies in the experimentationn of biometric face recognize and QR Code scan on biometric payment based face recognition and QR Code scan mobile applications that play a role in data communication security. The test results on this mobile application show that scanning a QR Code and biometric face recognize can be implemented at an online merchant transaction with an accuracy of 95% and takes 53, 21 seconds in transactions. Keyword: biometric, cloud server, Cryptography, QR Code.

Effects of Prevalence and Test Diagnosticity upon Clinical Judgments of Probability

1983 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Balla ◽  
A. Elstein ◽  
P. Gates
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Prior Probability ◽  
Clinical Judgments ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Prior Probabilities ◽  
Probabilistic Information ◽  
Perceived Seriousness ◽  
Marked Case ◽  
Case Vignettes ◽  
Systematic Biases

The process of revising diagnostic probabilities was studied to examine the relative influence of prior probability and test diagnosticity at various levels of clinical experience. The aims were to show changes with increasing seniority, to explore the effects of perceived seriousness of a disease, and to demonstrate systematic biases in handling probabilistic information. To these ends, 4 case vignettes were presented to 169 medical students in the three final years of the medical course and 25 residents. The data presented included the prior probabilities of two diseases and the true positive fraction of a single clinical manifestation of the rarer disease.Results showed a slightly increasing reliance on prior probability with increasing experience. The less experienced seemed most influenced by test results and by perceived seriousness of the disease. In some vignettes judgment seemed to depend on representativeness. In others, the most plausible explanation of the diagnostic choice would have been availability. Marked case-to-case variation was noted for individuals and there was a general lack of systematic biases. Revision of diagnostic opinion often depended on preconceived notions, and prior probabilities tended to be ignored. These are clear indications for teaching the basics of decision theory to medical students and early post-graduates.

Toward an Intelligent e-Learning System Using Document Classification Techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-547
Author(s):  
Yousef Abuzir
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Document Management ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Concept Hierarchy ◽  
Good Classification ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
E Mail

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to propose and develop an intelligent e-learning system based on advanced document management techniques at Al-Quds Open University (QOU). In this article, we focus on a case using e-mail contents as supplement educational materials at QOU. We describe how the interactive classification system based on concept hierarchy can simplify this task. This system provides the functions to index, classify, and retrieve a collection of e-mail messages based on user profiles. By automatically indexing e-mail messages using our E-mail Classification System for e-Learning, instructors and/or students can easily find their messages and find the topics. The test results of our system evaluation showed that a good classification quality has been achieved, with a precision of 77.4%, recall of 90%, and F-measure of 82.8.

scholarly journals Comparison of Lancing Devices for Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose regarding Lancing Pain

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1136-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Kocher ◽  
J. K. Tshiang Tshiananga ◽  
Richard Koubek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background: Self-monitoring of blood glucose empowers diabetes patients to effectively control their blood glucose (BG) levels. A potential barrier to frequent BG controls is lancing pain, intrinsically linked to pricking the finger several times a day. In this study, we compared different state-of-the-art lancing devices from leading manufacturers regarding lancing pain, and we intended to identify lancing devices that are less painful. Methods: First, 165 subjects compared 6 different BG monitoring systems—consisting of a lancing device and a BG meter—at home for 36 days and at least 3 BG tests per day. Second, the subjects directly compared 6 different lancing devices—independent from a BG meter—in a laboratory setting. The test results were collected in questionnaires, and lancing pain was rated on a numerical rating scale. Results: One hundred fifty-seven subjects were included in the analysis. Accu-Chek BG monitoring systems were significantly ( p ≤ .006) preferred to competitor BG monitoring systems and were rated by >50% of the subjects as “less painful” than competitor BG monitoring systems. Accu-Chek lancing devices were significantly ( p < .001) preferred to competitor lancing devices and were rated by >60% of the subjects as “less painful” than competitor lancing devices. Conclusions: We found significant differences in lancing pain between lancing devices. Diabetes patients clearly preferred lancing devices that cause less lancing pain. In order to improve patient compliance with respect to an adequate glycemic control, the medical staff should preferentially prescribe lancing devices that cause less lancing pain.

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