scholarly journals Enseñanza clínica en enfermería: escenario del aprendizaje y sus actores

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Norma Ivette Beltran Lugo ◽  
Betsy Flores Atilano ◽  
Dulce María Guillén Cadena

<div>La ense&ntilde;anza se concibe como la tarea m&aacute;s peculiar de la escuela, cuyas funciones educativas deben estructurarse (P&eacute;rez G&oacute;mez, 1992) en torno a dos funciones. El acto de ense&ntilde;ar no es responsabilidad totalmente del docente universitario, sino que involucra al personal operativo de las instituciones de salud. La ense&ntilde;anza cl&iacute;nica es el momento donde se tiene contacto con el mundo real y los diferentes ambientes que se generan para la construcci&oacute;n de nuevos h&aacute;bitos profesionales, el desarrollo de la empat&iacute;a con la disciplina y hasta el gusto de ser enfermero. La problem&aacute;tica que tenemos actualmente es que a veces el personal de Enfermer&iacute;a da por hecho que los y las estudiantes ya tienen los conocimientos pero sobre todo las habilidades pr&aacute;cticas para ejecutar intervenciones que implican gran responsabilidad, pero cuando la alumna demuestra que no tiene esas habilidades es desplazada y limitada a la observaci&oacute;n. El profesorado debe tener una formaci&oacute;n continua y tambi&eacute;n debe salir a hacer pr&aacute;cticas cl&iacute;nicas para que de esta forma no pierda las habilidades y destrezas en la ejecuci&oacute;n de diversos procedimientos de Enfermer&iacute;a. Aunque existe el programa de estancias cl&iacute;nicas para profesores, &eacute;stos deben ser comprometidos a ejecutarlas independientemente de que laboren en alg&uacute;n otro lugar, ya que de &eacute;sta forma se pueden actualizar en las nuevas tecnolog&iacute;as del cuidado y tendr&aacute;n herramientas muy &uacute;tiles durante su ense&ntilde;anza.</div><div><br /></div><div><div>Teaching is conceived as the most peculiar task of the school, which educative functions must be structured (P&eacute;rez G&oacute;mez, 1992) around two functions. The act of teaching isn&rsquo;t the universitarian teacher&rsquo;s responsibility completely, but also the health institutions&rsquo; personnel&acute;s. Clinical teaching is the moment when contact is had with the actual world and the different environments created to construct new professional habits, development of empathy and even the joy of being a nurse. The issue we currently have is that sometimes nursing personnel take for granted that students already have all the knowledge, but mostly all the practical abilities to perform interventions that imply great responsibility, but when the student shows the lack those skills, they&rsquo;re set aside and limited to observation only. Teaching personnel needs to have a continuous formation and they also have to do clinical practices so this way they won&acute;t lose the abilities and dexterities on the execution of different nursing procedures. Even though there&rsquo;s the clinical settings program for teachers, they have to be committed to execute it, whether they work or not at other place, so this way caring technologies can be updated and they&rsquo;ll have very useful tools for teaching.</div></div><div><br /></div>

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Amanda Nichole (Mandi) Carr ◽  
Roy Neville Kirkwood ◽  
Kiro Risto Petrovski

This review explores different modalities for clinical teaching of veterinary learners globally. Effective clinical teaching aims to prepare graduates for a successful career in clinical practice. Unfortunately, there is scant literature concerning clinical teaching in veterinary medicine. Our intent for this review is to stimulate and/or facilitate discussion and/or research in this important area. We discuss the different forms that veterinary clinical teaching can take, depending on their setting, which can be university-based clinical activities, work-based in commercial clinical practices, or in a traditional academic setting with little to no real-time exposure to clients and patients. We suggest that each of these modalities has a place in clinical teaching of veterinary learners at any point in the curriculum but that a mix of these approaches will likely provide an improved experience for the learner. Further, we discuss strategies to improve clinical teaching in these different settings. Potential strategies related to the teaching skills of clinical instructors could include training in delivery of clinical teaching in a variety of learning settings, and instructors’ official recognition, including opportunities for career progression. Potential strategies to improve clinical teaching in different teaching settings would vary with the learning settings. For example, in traditional academic settings, case-based learning with incorporation of simulation models is one proposed strategy. The involvement of learners in ‘teach-others’ is a strategy for both traditional academic and clinical settings. Finally, clearly addressing Day One competencies is required in any clinical teaching setting.


2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill K. Duthie

Abstract Clinical supervisors in university based clinical settings are challenged by numerous tasks to promote the development of self-analysis and problem-solving skills of the clinical student (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, ASHA, 1985). The Clinician Directed Hierarchy is a clinical training tool that assists the clinical teaching process by directing the student clinician’s focus to a specific level of intervention. At each of five levels of intervention, the clinician develops an understanding of the client’s speech/language target behaviors and matches clinical support accordingly. Additionally, principles and activities of generalization are highlighted for each intervention level. Preliminary findings suggest this is a useful training tool for university clinical settings. An essential goal of effective clinical supervision is the provision of support and guidance in the student clinician’s development of independent clinical skills (Larson, 2007). The student clinician is challenged with identifying client behaviors in the therapeutic process and learning to match his or her instructions, models, prompts, reinforcement, and use of stimuli appropriately according to the client’s needs. In addition, the student clinician must be aware of techniques in the intervention process that will promote generalization of new communication behaviors. Throughout the intervention process, clinicians are charged with identifying appropriate target behaviors, quantifying the progress of the client’s acquisition of the targets, and making adjustments within and between sessions as necessary. Central to the development of clinical skills is the feedback provided by the clinical supervisor (Brasseur, 1989; Moss, 2007). Particularly in the early stages of clinical skills development, the supervisor is challenged with addressing numerous aspects of clinical performance and awareness, while ensuring the client’s welfare (Moss). To address the management of clinician and client behaviors while developing an understanding of the clinical intervention process, the University of the Pacific has developed and begun to implement the Clinician Directed Hierarchy.


Author(s):  
Christine E Wamsley ◽  
John Hoopman ◽  
Jeffrey M Kenkel

Abstract Recent advancements in laser technology have led to its expanded utilization in smaller clinical settings and medical spas, particularly for facial rejuvenation and the treatment of other aesthetic concerns. Despite the increasing popularity of this technology, discussion of laser safety programs has remained limited, mostly to operating rooms at larger clinical institutions. Although smaller facilities do not operate at the same capacity as a large hospital or medical center, the requirements for utilizing a laser are no less stringent. Employers must comply with local and federal regulations, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) General Duty Clause, American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards, and professional recommended practices applicable to their business. Although the laser safety officer (LSO) is often a full-time position within larger facilities, smaller clinical settings and medical spas may be limited in staff number. It is important, therefore, that clinical practices establish laser policies and procedures with consideration of their individual needs and capabilities. In this paper, we will define a laser safety program, highlight basic requirements needed to establish this program, and outline the specific responsibilities of the LSO. To ensure that safe laser practices are being conducted at the healthcare facility, it is imperative that small business owners are aware of these regulations and standards in place for the operation of laser systems.


BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e020658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Gong ◽  
Yinhua Zhou ◽  
Yu Cheng ◽  
Xiaoqiong Chen ◽  
Xuting Li ◽  
...  

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the practice of informed consent in China from the perspective of patients.DesignA qualitative study using in-depth interviews with in-hospital patients focusing on personal experience with informed consent.SettingGuangdong Province, China.Participants71 in-hospital patients in rehabilitation after surgical operations were included.ResultsMedical information is not actively conveyed by doctors nor effectively received by patients. Without complete and understandable information, patients are unable to make an autonomous clinical decision but must sign an informed consent form following the doctor’s medical arrangement. Three barriers to accessing medical information by patients were identified: (1) medical information received by patients was insufficient to support their decision-making, (2) patients lacked medical knowledge to understand the perceptions of doctors and (3) patient–doctor interactions were insufficient in clinical settings.ConclusionsInformed consent is implemented as an administrative procedure at the hospital level in China. However, it has not been embedded in doctors’ clinical practices because, from the perspective of patients, doctors do not fulfil the obligation of medical information provision. As a result, the informed part of informed consent was neglected by individual doctors in China. Reforming medical education, monitoring the process of informed consent in clinical settings and redesigning medical institutional arrangements are pathways to restoring the practice of informed consent and patient-centred models in China.


2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Andrew James ◽  
Derek Milne ◽  
Rachel Morse

This article examines some of the microskills associated with the moment-to-moment decisions and actions of supervisors within cognitive-behavioral supervision. Through a theoretical review and practice illustration, the article outlines the role of supervisors’ dialogue and questioning styles in promoting effective learning. The article also provides a potential guide to the training of supervisors and thereby attempts to benefit clinical practices in general.


2020 ◽  
pp. emermed-2019-208908
Author(s):  
Chung-Hsien Chaou ◽  
Shiuan-Ruey Yu ◽  
Roy Yi Ling Ngerng ◽  
Lynn Valerie Monrouxe ◽  
Li-Chun Chang ◽  
...  

BackgroundFeedback is an effective pedagogical tool in clinical teaching and learning, but the actual perception by learners of clinical feedback is often described as unsatisfactory. Unlike assessment feedback or teaching sessions, which often happen within protected time and space, clinical feedback is influenced by numerous clinical factors. Little is known about clinical teachers’ motivations to provide feedback in busy clinical settings. We aimed to investigate the motivations behind feedback being given in emergency departments (EDs).MethodsA qualitative analysis of semi-structured interview data was conducted between August 2015 and June 2016. Eighteen attending physicians were purposively sampled from three teaching hospital EDs in Taiwan. Data were thematically analysed, both inductively (from the data) and deductively (using self-determination theory (SDT)). Themes were mapped to the different motivation types identified by the SDT.Results and discussionDespite working in busy clinical settings, Taiwanese ED clinical teachers reported being motivated to provide feedback when they felt responsible for their learners, when they understood the importance of feedback (patient safety and partner building), or simply because they were committed to following a tradition of passing on their clinical knowledge to their juniors. Suggestions to facilitate the internalisation of external motivations are proposed.ConclusionsIn this qualitative study, motivations for clinical feedback were identified. Although the motivations are mostly extrinsic, the elicitation of internal motivation is possible once true satisfaction is fostered during the feedback-giving process. This understanding can be used to develop interventions to enable clinical feedback to be provided in a sustained manner.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Colenbrander ◽  
Louise Causer ◽  
Bridget Haire

Abstract Background: Media exposés and academic literature reveal high rates of bullying and harassment of medical students, most commonly by consultant physicians and/or surgeons. Recent reports reveal the medical profession to be characterised by hierarchy, with verbal abuse a ‘rite of passage’, as well as sexist and racist behaviours. Methods : Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with ten current or recently graduated medical students from Sydney-based medical schools. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analysed. Results : Hierarchy, and a culture of self-sacrifice, resilience and deference, were identified as problematic elements of the medical profession. In the minds of participants, these factors created barriers to reporting mistreatment, as participants felt reporting led to being labelled a ‘troublemaker’, affecting career progression. Additionally, participants stated that avenues of recourse were unclear and did not guarantee confidentiality or desired outcomes. Conclusions : Mistreatment is continuing in clinical teaching and has negative consequences on medical students’ mental health and learning. Structural change is needed to combat institutionalised mistreatment to ensure the wellbeing of future doctors and high quality patient care.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Alberto Bussolaro ◽  
Claudine Thereza-Bussolaro

ABSTRACTBackgroundActive learning is a well-established educational methodology in medical schools worldwide, although its implementation in Brazilian clinical settings is quite challenging. The objective of this study is to review the literature in a systematic manner to find and conduct a reflective analysis of how problem-based learning (PBL) has been applied to clinical teaching in medical schools in Brazil.Material & methodsA systematic literature search was conducted in three databases. A total of 250 papers related to PBL in Brazilian medical schools were identified through the database searches. Four studies were finally selected for the review.ResultsFour fields of medicine were explored on the four selected papers: gynecology/family medicine, medical semiology, psychiatry, and pediatrics. Overall, all the papers reported some level of strategic adaptability of the original PBL methodology to be applied in the Brazilian medical school’s curricula and to the peculiar characteristics specific to Brazil.ConclusionPBL application in Brazilian medical schools require some level of alteration from the original format, to better adapt to the characteristics of Brazilian students’ maturity, health system priorities and the medical labor market.


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