Population and Group Size of Cheer Pheasant Catreus Wallichii in Pokhari Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 3503-3505
Author(s):  
Manish Kukreti
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Garhwal Himalaya ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Minimum Group

Present paper reports population dynamics of Cheer pheasant Catreus wallichii in Pokhari valley, Garhwal Himalaya during January 2019 to December 2019. A total of 405 individuals with 145 groups were recorded. Overall individuals per sighting and group size (3.88±0.51 and 3.40±0.45) were also recorded during the study period respectively. Maximum value of individuals per sighting and group size were recorded in months of July and November (6.13±0.76 and 7.32±0.97), while minimum were recorded in May and April (1.75±0.27 and 1.17±0.26). Seasonal variation was also observed in population and group size. Maximum value of individual per sighting was recorded during the Monsoon season and minimum were recorded in spring season. While maximum and minimum group size were recorded in winter and spring Season.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation in Population dynamics of phytoplankton in Guthia Taal, Wetland of Bahraich (U. P.) India

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Ranjan ◽  
Sadguru Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Phytoplankton Population ◽  
Total Phytoplankton ◽  
One Year

Guthia taal is a large, shallow and horse shoe shaped wetland of tarai region of eastern U.P. The seasonal variation of phytoplankton density and diversity were studied for a period of one year. In the present study total 31 genera of phytoplankton were identified. Out of 31, thirteen belong to Chlorophyceae, 10 Bascillariophyceae, 6 Cyanophyceae and 2 Euglenophyceae. The annual density shows that Chlorophyceae dominates and constituted 51.57% of the total phytoplankton population was followed by Bascillariophyceae (27.37%), Cyanophyceae (16.45%) and Euglenophyceae (4.61%). However, the overall phytoplankton was found maximum in summer, medium in winter and lowest in monsoon season.

scholarly journals Home Range and Distance Covered of Chukar Partridge Aectoris Chukar at Mandal Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 014 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Kukreti ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Garhwal Himalaya ◽  
Maximum Range ◽  
Chukar Partridge

Present paper reports Home range and distance covered of Chukar partridge at mandal valley, Garhwal Himalaya from November 2018 to October 2019. During the study period, average home range (altitude M) of Chukar was 1756.75±7.75 and average distance covered from water source 69.52±6.76 (M), maximum range observed in month of June (1812±8.0) while minimum range observed in November month (1708±5.0) respectively. Maximum distance covered observed in August month (99.04±11.42) and minimum distance covered recorded in month of May (41.10±4.83). Seasonal variation was also observed, Maximum range in Summer season (1803±10.33)and minimum observed in winter season (1713.33±8.0), seasonal variation also observed in monsoon and post monsoon season (84.85± 8.77) while minimum value was observed in summer season (47.77±6.44) respectively.

ESTIMATION OF ABOVE GROUND BIOMASS OF THE THREE SITES (GRAZED SITE, PROTECTED SITE AND SEED SOWN SITE) FOR COMPARING THEIR PRODUCTIVITY IN KASHMIR VALLEY

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AFSHAN ANJUM BABA ◽  
SYED NASEEM UL-ZAFAR GEELANI ◽  
ISHRAT SALEEM ◽  
MOHIT HUSAIN ◽  
PERVEZ AHMAD KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Protected Site

The plant biomass for protected areas was maximum in summer (1221.56 g/m2) and minimum in winter (290.62 g/m2) as against grazed areas having maximum value 590.81 g/m2 in autumn and minimum 183.75 g/m2 in winter. Study revealed that at Protected site (Kanidajan) the above ground biomass ranged was from a minimum (1.11 t ha-1) in the spring season to a maximum (4.58 t ha-1) in the summer season while at Grazed site (Yousmarag), the aboveground biomass varied from a minimum (0.54 t ha-1) in the spring season to a maximum of 1.48 t ha-1 in summer seasonandat Seed sown site (Badipora), the lowest value of aboveground biomass obtained was 4.46 t ha-1 in spring while as the highest (7.98 t ha-1) was obtained in summer.

Group acceptance sampling plan for resubmitted lots based on life tests for odds exponential log logistic distribution

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1343-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaiah K. ◽  
Srinivasa Rao Gadde ◽  
Kalyani K. ◽  
Sivakumar D.C.U.
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Sampling Plan ◽  
Logistic Distribution ◽  
Acceptance Sampling ◽  
Consumer’S Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Acceptance Sampling Plan ◽  
Minimum Group ◽  
Termination Time ◽  
Group Acceptance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a group acceptance sampling plan (GASP) for a resubmitted lot when the lifetime of a product follows odds exponential log logistic distribution introduced by Rao and Rao (2014). The parameters of the proposed plan such as minimum group size and acceptance number are determined for a pre-specified consumer’s risk, number of testers and the test termination time. The authors compare the proposed plan with the ordinary GASP, and the results are illustrated with live data example. Design/methodology/approach The parameters of the proposed plan such as minimum group size and acceptance number are determined for a pre-specified consumer’s risk, number of testers and the test termination time. Findings The authors determined the group size and acceptance number. Research limitations/implications No specific limitations. Practical implications This methodology can be applicable in industry to study quality control. Social implications This methodology can be applicable in health study. Originality/value The parameters of the proposed plan such as minimum group size and acceptance number are determined for a pre-specified consumer’s risk, number of testers and the test termination time.

scholarly journals Strength of nonhuman primate studies of developmental programming: review of sample sizes, challenges, and steps for future work

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hillary F. Huber ◽  
Susan L. Jenkins ◽  
Cun Li ◽  
Peter W. Nathanielsz
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Developmental Programming ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Minimum Group ◽  
Mode 3 ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Maximum Group

AbstractNonhuman primate (NHP) studies are crucial to biomedical research. NHPs are the species most similar to humans in lifespan, body size, and hormonal profiles. Planning research requires statistical power evaluation, which is difficult to perform when lacking directly relevant preliminary data. This is especially true for NHP developmental programming studies, which are scarce. We review the sample sizes reported, challenges, areas needing further work, and goals of NHP maternal nutritional programming studies. The literature search included 27 keywords, for example, maternal obesity, intrauterine growth restriction, maternal high-fat diet, and maternal nutrient reduction. Only fetal and postnatal offspring studies involving tissue collection or imaging were included. Twenty-eight studies investigated maternal over-nutrition and 33 under-nutrition; 23 involved macaques and 38 baboons. Analysis by sex was performed in 19; minimum group size ranged from 1 to 8 (mean 4.7 ± 0.52, median 4, mode 3) and maximum group size from 3 to 16 (8.3 ± 0.93, 8, 8). Sexes were pooled in 42 studies; minimum group size ranged from 2 to 16 (mean 5.3 ± 0.35, median 6, mode 6) and maximum group size from 4 to 26 (10.2 ± 0.92, 8, 8). A typical study with sex-based analyses had group size minimum 4 and maximum 8 per sex. Among studies with sexes pooled, minimum group size averaged 6 and maximum 8. All studies reported some significant differences between groups. Therefore, studies with group sizes 3–8 can detect significance between groups. To address deficiencies in the literature, goals include increasing age range, more frequently considering sex as a biological variable, expanding topics, replicating studies, exploring intergenerational effects, and examining interventions.

Interactive effect of nitrogen nutrition, nitrate reduction and seasonal variation on oxalate synthesis in leaves of Napier-bajra hybrid (Pennisetum purpureum × P. glaucum)

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Goyal ◽  
Rupinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
Oxalate Synthesis

Oxalate may cause hypocalcaemia or formation of urinary calculi in animals with prolonged grazing of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) × pearl millet (bajra, P. glaucum) hybrid (NBH). We investigated the influence of nitrate metabolism, nitrogen (N) nutrition, N forms and seasonal variation on oxalate accumulation in leaves of NBH in a field experiment in Ludhiana, India. The experiment was a randomised block design with three N sources (nitrate, amide and ammonium), three application rates (50, 75 and 100 kg N/ha), four seasons (summer, monsoon, autumn, pre-winter) and three replicates. Applied N nutrition induced oxalate synthesis and activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR) enzymes. A positive association of N nutrition with both oxalate accumulation and nitrate-reducing enzymes was found. Nitrate-N increased oxalate accumulation and NiR activity more than ammonium and amide. A differential effect of seasons on NR and NiR activities, as well as on oxalate accumulation, was observed. Among different harvest seasons, NR and NiR activities were positively associated with oxalate accumulation in summer and the monsoon season. These results suggest that N fertilisation, particularly in nitrate form, is associated with upregulation of nitrate-reducing enzymes, leading to oxalate accumulation in NBH leaves.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation and light absorption property of carbonaceous aerosol in a typical glacier region of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 6441-6460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hewen Niu ◽  
Shichang Kang ◽  
Hailong Wang ◽  
Rudong Zhang ◽  
Xixi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosols ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Post Monsoon Season

Abstract. Deposition and accumulation of light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosol on glacier surfaces can alter the energy balance of glaciers. In this study, 2 years (December 2014 to December 2016) of continuous observations of carbonaceous aerosols in the glacierized region of the Mt. Yulong and Ganhaizi (GHZ) basin are analyzed. The average elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) concentrations were 1.51±0.93 and 2.57±1.32 µg m−3, respectively. Although the annual mean OC ∕ EC ratio was 2.45±1.96, monthly mean EC concentrations during the post-monsoon season were even higher than OC in the high altitudes (approximately 5000 ma.s.l.) of Mt. Yulong. Strong photochemical reactions and local tourism activities were likely the main factors inducing high OC ∕ EC ratios in the Mt. Yulong region during the monsoon season. The mean mass absorption efficiency (MAE) of EC, measured for the first time in Mt. Yulong, at 632 nm with a thermal-optical carbon analyzer using the filter-based method, was 6.82±0.73 m2 g−1, comparable with the results from other studies. Strong seasonal and spatial variations of EC MAE were largely related to the OC abundance. Source attribution analysis using a global aerosol–climate model, equipped with a black carbon (BC) source tagging technique, suggests that East Asia emissions, including local sources, have the dominant contribution (over 50 %) to annual mean near-surface BC in the Mt. Yulong area. There is also a strong seasonal variation in the regional source apportionment. South Asia has the largest contribution to near-surface BC during the pre-monsoon season, while East Asia dominates the monsoon season and post-monsoon season. Results in this study have great implications for accurately evaluating the influences of carbonaceous matter on glacial melting and water resource supply in glacierization areas.

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