scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BATU MARMER SEBAGAI PENGGANTI AGREGAT KASAR PADA CAMPURAN ASPAL BETON TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MARSHALL

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Syaiful Amal ◽  
Chairil Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Air Void ◽  
Marble Waste

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BATU MARMER SEBAGAI PENGGANTI AGREGAT KASAR PADA CAMPURAN ASPAL BETON TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MARSHALLThe Implementation Of Stone Marble Waste For Changer The Aggregate Rough To Mix Aplhalt Concrete Characteristics Of MarshalAndi Syaiful Amal1 & Chairil Saleh21,2Jurusan Teknik Sipil – Fakultas Teknik Univ. Muhammadiyah MalangAlamat Korespondensi : Jl. Raya Tlogomas No. 246 Malang 65144Email : [email protected] waste of marble stone is waste produced when manufactured processing of unused marble. The utilization of marble for road ossification material is one way to alleviate that waste of marble stone. The purpose of this research is finding out the advantage of marble stone waste as replacement of crude aggregate partly toward marshall characteristic on mixture of the concrete asphalt layer (Laston). Laston mixture with marble stone waste as replacement of crude aggregate used variation of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35%. The result is ascertainable that using of marble stone waste is able to increase the marshall characteristic. The best laston mixture is produced content optimum of marble stone waste 17,5%, The laston mixture produced : marshall stability 1050 kg, marshall quotient 2,5 KN/mm, volume air void 4,5 % and film thickness 8,8 mm.Keyword : Laston Mixture, Marble Stone Waste, Marshall CharacteristicAbstrakLimbah batu marmer merupakan limbah yang dihasilkan pada saat proses pengolahan batu marmer yang tidak dimanfaatkan. Pemanfaatan limbah batu marmer untuk material perkerasan jalan adalah salah satu cara untuk mengurangi limbah batu marmer tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat limbah batu marmer sebagai pengganti agregat kasar terhadap karakteristik marshall pada campuran laston. Campuran laston dengan limbah batu marmer sebagai pengganti agregat kasar menggunakan variasi 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, dan 35%. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa penggunaan limbah batu marmer dapat meningkatkan karakteristik Marshall. Campuran laston terbaik dengan limbah batu marmer sebagai pengganti agregat kasar dihasilkan kadar limbah batu marmer optimum 17,5%, menghasilkan campuran laston : marshall stability 1050 kg, marshall quotient 2,5 KN/mm, volume air void 4,5 % dan film thickness 8,8 mm.Kata kunci: campuran laston, limbah batu marmer, karakteristik marshall.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH ABU MARMER SEBAGAI FILLER TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MARSHALL PADA CAMPURAN LAPIS TIPIS ASPAL PASIR (LATASIR) B

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Syaiful Amal ◽  
Wahyuddin Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Air Void

Latasir (HRSS) Kelas B merupakan campuran yang ditujukan untuk jalan-jalan dengan lalu lintas ringan, khususnya pada daerah dimana agregat kasar tidak tersedia. Campuran ini mempunyai ketahanan alur (rutting) yang rendah oleh sebab itu tidak boleh digunakan dengan lapisan yang tebal, pada jalan dengan lalu lintas berat dan pada daerah tanjakan. Struktur abu marmer yang halus dan dapat lolos saringan #200 layaknya semen, sehingga dapat dikaji sebagai bahan material alternatif filler dalam campuran aspal khususnya latasir kelas b. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Central Quality Control & Monitoring Unit (CQCMU). Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai karakteristik marshall pada campuran latasir kelas b dengan filler abu marmer dan mengetahui presentase kadar optimum yang digunakan sebagai pengganti abu marmer berdasarkan kadar aspal optimum. Hasil pengujian campuran latasir kelas b menggunakan filler abu marmer dengan kadar aspal optimum 9,01% diperoleh presentase kadar optimum abu marmer sebesar 52,22% maka diperoleh nilai karakteristik Marshall adalah Marshall Stability 800,00 Kg, Marshall Qoutient 1,9 Kg/mm, Volume Air Void 4,9 %, Film Thickness 8,56 μm.

scholarly journals The Effect of Animal Bone Ash on the Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1741-1752
Author(s):  
Yasir N. Kadhim ◽  
Wail Asim Mohammad Hussain ◽  
Abdulrasool Thamer Abdulrasool
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Maximum Stability ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Air Void

For the sake of enhancing the mechanical properties and durability of asphalt concrete, many studies suggest adding different admixtures, such as waste materials in the form of filler. These admixtures have a significant influence on the performance of asphalt concrete by plying a roll in filling the voids between particles and sometimes as a cementitious material. This study aims to improve the strength of asphalt concrete by adding crushed animal bone to the mix after carbonization at a temperature of 800 Co. Seven different percentages (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 100%) of animal bone ash as a replacement for the filler percentage were added to the optimum asphalt concrete mix. A number of tests were conducted on asphalt concrete specimens to measure Marshall stability (MS), Marshall flow value (MF), voids filled with asphalt percentages (VFA), air void percentages (VA), voids in mineral aggregate percentages (VMA), and maximum theoretical specific gravity (GMM). From the results, the maximum stability of 14.85 KN was reached when using animal bone ash of 20% as a partial replacement for the conventionally used filler (limestone). In general, there are some improvements in the physical properties of asphalt concrete with animal bone ash, which can be related to the increase in the bond between the particles of aggregates and the bitumen material. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091757 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Substitution of Fly Ash as Mineral Filler in Wearing Course of Hot Mix Asphalt

2021 ◽  
Vol 2129 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
Mohd Badrul Hisyam Ab Manaf ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Rafiza Abdul Razak ◽  
Muhammad Munsif Ahmad ◽  
Mustaqqim Abdul Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Mineral Filler ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Public Work Department ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Air Void

Abstract Fly Ash (FA) is one of the sustainable materials to substitute Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was found commercialized in construction field but the usage in HMA pavement is limited. Thus, this study is important to promote FA as a sustainable filler instead of using OPC to reduce greenhouse gases. The primary aim is to investigate the Marshall Stability of HMA that incorporating of OPC and FA as filler. In addition, Optimum Bitumen Content (OBC) determination also conducted in this study. Marshall Stability test was conducted based on ASTM 2006 for both mixtures. The parameters gained from the test are the stability, flow, air void in mix (VIM), void filled bitumen (VFB) and stiffness being used to OBC. The OBC for HMA with OPC filler obtained is 5.06% meanwhile for HMA with FA is 4.79%. All Marshall Parameters was complied with of Malaysia Public Work Department (PWD) Standard for both mixtures. The HMA with FA filler give better results for all parameters. Based on OBC percentage, usage of asphalt binder was reduced at 0.29%. Thus, it was more economical if using FA compared with OPC as a filler. Furthermore, HMA with FA filler have better stability and strength as well as lesser deformation with HMA with OPC filler. For the overall, FA have huge potential in substituting other mineral filler to produce better quality of asphalt pavement.

scholarly journals Basic Experimental Studies on Coconut Shell Charcoal Ash in Modified Bitumen

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Void Ratio ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Synthetic Resin ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Air Void

Abstract. For reducing the cost in bitumen roads and also increasing the efficiency of bituminuous roads, varieties of materials are used for improving the road by using coconut shell charcoal ash as fillers in the flexible pavement. In the literature work, the main descriptive of the work is to compare the results with different percentages of coconut shell charcoal ash in bitumen. The Properties of the coconut shell charcoal possesses are resistance to breaking the materials, absorbing the heat, moisture content of surface, grading, heating and synthetic resin glues which is important for pavement of bitumen roads. Therefore, its stability of Marshall stability test and flow value in Marshall stability and air void ratio are obtained. So that it can be compared with different modified percentage as 4.5%, 5%, 5.5% and 6% in test on Bitumen. From this test we can establish so that it can be useful as a substitute as a coconut shell charcoal ash for improving the strength, quality and durability of bitumnious road. For carrying out these experiments, Marshall stability test is used for obtaining better results for normal mix and modified mix for the bitumen.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Mixtures Modified by Nanoclay Powder on Moisture Damage

2022 ◽  
Vol 961 (1) ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
Mays A Jaafar ◽  
Hasan H Joni ◽  
Hussein H Karim
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Cement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Mixture ◽  
Powder Addition ◽  
Significant Stage ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Air Void

Abstract Recycling asphalt is a significant stage in pavement industry, yet it can be unfavorable to the durability of the recycled mix due to the loss of binder charachteristics, thus the mixture will be weaker to the external factors like moisture. This study aims to evaluate the influence of nanoclay montmorillonite k10 powder (MMT) on Marshall’s characteristics and moisture resistance in Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) mixtures. Three percentages of rejuvenated RAP were used, 30%, 40%, and 50% of the total mixture, these percentages were modified with 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% nanoclay (MMT) of the neat binder’s weight. Asphalt Cement AC(85-100) was used to rejuvenate the RAP. The Marshall test was conducted on modified RAP to detect the effect on the Marshall stability and flow and air void, indirect tensile strength tests (ITS) were also conducted before and after nanoclay powder addition to compare and assess the resistance of moisture to rejuvenated RAP mixtures. The results of the laboratory tests have shown that the use of 5% nanoclay in the regenerated RAP mixes offers superior performance than without it, where it enhanced stability by 15%, reduced flow by 14.3%, and increased moisture damage resistance by 3.66% all for 50% RAP mixtures.

scholarly journals Stress-Strain Characteristic of Porous Asphalt Incorporating Cellulose Fiber

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S3) ◽  
pp. 408-411
Keyword(s):  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Strain Characteristic ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Dynamic Creep ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Air Void

Porous asphalt (PA) is a type of asphalt mixture that has large air void content to increase the drainage capability of flexible pavement. However, PA suffers a few drawbacks such as less durable and less tensile strength due to large air void characteristic. Thus, this study intended to utilize cellulose fiber to increase the overall performance of PA. Cellulose fiber (CF) used were in the range of 0.2% to 0.6% by weight of PA mixture. Among the tests involve to analyze the overall performance of CF modified PA were Abrasion Loss, Marshall Stability, Resilient Modulus and Dynamic Creep. From data analysis, it shows that 0.4% CF significantly increased the abrasion resistance. Meanwhile, highest stability and resilient modulus values obtained at 0.6% CF-PA. From the results, it shows that the addition of CF can significantly enhance the overall performance of PA.

Surface Films on Zircaloy-2 Samples Cracked in Neutral Aqueous NaCl by Stress Corrosion

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
R.A. Ploc
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Zirconium Dioxide ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Continuous Layer ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Product Film

Samples of low-nickel Zircaloy-2 (material MLI-788-see(1)), when anodically polarized in neutral 5 wt% NaCl solutions, were found to be susceptible to pitting and stress corrosion cracking. The SEM revealed that pitting of stressed samples was occurring below a 2000Å thick surface film which behaved differently from normal zirconium dioxide in that it did not display interference colours. Since the initial film thickness was approximately 65Å, attempts were made to examine the product film by transmission electron microscopy to deduce composition and how the corrosion environment could penetrate the continuous layer.

(111) Monocrystalline Nickel Films

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 512-513
Author(s):  
T.E. Pratt ◽  
R.W. Vook
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Residual Pressure ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Substrate Temperatures

(111) oriented thin monocrystalline Ni films have been prepared by vacuum evaporation and examined by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. In high vacuum, at room temperature, a layer of NaCl was first evaporated onto a freshly air-cleaved muscovite substrate clamped to a copper block with attached heater and thermocouple. Then, at various substrate temperatures, with other parameters held within a narrow range, Ni was evaporated from a tungsten filament. It had been shown previously that similar procedures would yield monocrystalline films of CU, Ag, and Au.For the films examined with respect to temperature dependent effects, typical deposition parameters were: Ni film thickness, 500-800 A; Ni deposition rate, 10 A/sec.; residual pressure, 10-6 torr; NaCl film thickness, 250 A; and NaCl deposition rate, 10 A/sec. Some additional evaporations involved higher deposition rates and lower film thicknesses.Monocrystalline films were obtained with substrate temperatures above 500° C. Below 450° C, the films were polycrystalline with a strong (111) preferred orientation.

The method of replication affects metal film granularity and resolution

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 708-709
Author(s):  
George C. Ruben
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Metal Film ◽  
Vertical Surface ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
Controllable Factors ◽  
Resolution Imaging

Single molecule resolution in electron beam sensitive, uncoated, noncrystalline materials has been impossible except in thin Pt-C replicas ≤ 150Å) which are resistant to the electron beam destruction. Previously the granularity of metal film replicas limited their resolution to ≥ 20Å. This paper demonstrates that Pt-C film granularity and resolution are a function of the method of replication and other controllable factors. Low angle 20° rotary , 45° unidirectional and vertical 9.7±1 Å Pt-C films deposited on mica under the same conditions were compared in Fig. 1. Vertical replication had a 5A granularity (Fig. 1c), the highest resolution (table), and coated the whole surface. 45° replication had a 9Å granulartiy (Fig. 1b), a slightly poorer resolution (table) and did not coat the whole surface. 20° rotary replication was unsuitable for high resolution imaging with 20-25Å granularity (Fig. 1a) and resolution 2-3 times poorer (table). Resolution is defined here as the greatest distance for which the metal coat on two opposing faces just grow together, that is, two times the apparent film thickness on a single vertical surface.

FILM THICKNESS DEPENDENCE OF HEAT TRANSMISSION INTO HELIUM

1981 ◽  
Vol 42 (C6) ◽  
pp. C6-825-C6-827
Author(s):  
P. Taborek ◽  
M. Sinvani ◽  
M. Weimer ◽  
D. Goodstein
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Thickness Dependence ◽  
Heat Transmission
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