Does "spicy girl" have a peppery temper? the metaphorical link between spicy tastes and anger

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1379-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Ting Ji ◽  
Yi Ding ◽  
Huan Deng ◽  
Ma Jing ◽  
Qi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Food Preference ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Spicy Food ◽  
Metaphorical Mapping ◽  
Chili Peppers ◽  
Preference Experiment

Drawing upon the theories of conceptual metaphors and embodiment, in the present study we systematically examined the metaphorical link between spicy tastes and anger. In terms of personality, the results showed that participants presumed strangers who liked spicy foods (e.g., chili peppers) were more easily angered (Experiment 1). In addition, we found that people who are higher in trait anger are more likely to have a spicy food preference (Experiment 2). The findings support a metaphorical mapping between taste and personality processes.

scholarly journals Understanding Food Preferences and Their Connection to Health Perception among Lean and Non-Lean Populations in a Rural State

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Mark Menghini ◽  
Reshmi Singh ◽  
Baskaran Thyagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Spicy Food ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Rural State

Lipid metabolism and dietary choices directly affect the outcome of overall weight management in both lean and non-lean individuals. However, the perception of consuming spicy foods has diverse meaning among people. To understand this, it is essential to have thorough knowledge on how food preference is tied to health outcomes. The aim of this study is to enhance the understanding of how food preference affects the health outcome and perception in lean and non-lean populations. A mixed methods study was conducted via analysis of consumers’ food choices and compared the data based on age, gender, and body weight. The participants in audio recorded interviews were comprised of residents from a single town in a rural state. The study shows that most participants were aware of the implications that food choices had on their health status and it emphasizes the importance of understanding the differences between consumption of spicy and non-spicy foods. Spicy food consumption was associated with decreased overall portion size as well as increased satisfaction following the meal. Environmental factors, such as the influence of family and friends, impacted spicy food consumption according to most participants. The outcome of the study provides a comprehensive understanding of food preferences from a relatively large exploratory study. The observations made here show rudimentary associations between physical attributes and levels of food consumption. Future studies could further identify how certain attributes relate to food choices and levels of spicy food consumption in greater detail.

Hay quality and intake by dairy cows. 2. Predicting feed intake with consumer-demand models

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
R. J. Sadler ◽  
D. B. Purser ◽  
S. K. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Generalised Additive Model ◽  
Demand Models ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Preference Experiment

Daily food intake is the single most important factor affecting milk production by dairy cows. However, an animal’s choice of food depends not only on the nutritional characteristics of the food in question, but also on the nutritional characteristics of other available foods. Any prediction of intake should be based on the nutritional characteristics of all foods on offer. However, when the initial food-preference experiment possesses a control-specific design (i.e. experiments that include only a limited number of control foods for comparison) it is apparent that the prediction of future food choices must include the same controls as the initial experiment underpinning the prediction model. This requirement is clearly impractical. By drawing an analogy between animal food preference and economic choice, the total and relative dry matter intake of two oaten hays was modelled on their nutritive characteristics by estimating a consumer-demand model (here a generalised additive model representation of a direct bundle good model) from experimental data offering hays to lactating cows (adj-R2 > 80%; where adj-R2 is the value adjusted for the number of predictor terms in the model). To negate the problem of control-specificity, a simplex interpolation was developed to construct and test predictions of hay intake for a second food-preference experiment (adj-R2 > 53%; correlation between predictions and actual intakes = 76%). To improve prediction accuracy and avoid control-specificity, it is recommended that future preference experiments be designed to exclude control-specificity by mimicking fractional factorial designs, supported by a two-stage approach to select a cost-effective number of comparisons. Our approach to predicting food intake may be extended to a choice between more than two foods, and to combinations of foods other than oaten hays.

scholarly journals Case Report of Presumed (In)voluntary Capsaicin Intoxication Mimicking an Acute Abdomen

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Simona Koprdova ◽  
Christine Schürmann ◽  
Dirk Peetz ◽  
Thomas Dürbye ◽  
Frank Kolligs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Severe Abdominal Pain ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
Food Tolerance ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Spicy Food ◽  
Chili Peppers ◽  
Bhut Jolokia

Background. The clinical features of a presumed capsaicin intoxication have not been reported so far. Case Presentation. A 27-year-old man took part in a qualifying for a competition in spicy food tolerance. During this qualifying, he swallowed 4 chili peppers type Bhut jolokia (about 1 million Scoville units) and other extremely spicy foods; the total amount of capsaicin ingested (roughly calculated retrospectively) accounted for at least 600 mg. After 2½ hours, the patient developed severe abdominal pain, which led to hospital admission. In contrast to the severe symptoms, clinical, laboratory, and imaging examinations (ultrasound and plain X-ray of the abdomen) did not reveal any significant abnormalities. Treatment with analgesics resulted in complete regression of the abdominal pain within 30 hours. Conclusions. The clinical picture in the view of pharmacological investigations on intestinal capsaicin infusions suggests that excessive doses of capsaicin can induce severe abdominal pain; the prolonged symptoms were probably due to the failure to vomit. Thus, a capsaicin intoxication must be considered in the differential diagnosis of an acute abdomen.

scholarly journals Difference of the Naltrexone's Effects in Social Drinkers by Spicy Food Preference

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Seong Lee ◽  
Sung-Gon Kim ◽  
Hee-Jeong Jeong ◽  
Ji-Hoon Kim ◽  
Young-Hui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Preference ◽  
Social Drinkers ◽  
Spicy Food

scholarly journals FEEDING PREFERENCE AND BIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF PANONYCHUS ULMI ON LEAVES OF APPLE AND GRAPEVINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Darliane Evangelho Silva ◽  
◽  
Joseane Moreira do Nascimento ◽  
Rita Tatiane Leão da Silva ◽  
Julia Jantsch Ferla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Preference ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
General Preference ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Preference Experiment

Panonychus ulmi is widely distributed in apple and vineyards worldwide. In Brazil, the first damages were observed in apple orchard and later in grapevine. The aim of this study was to evaluate feeding preference and biological traits of P. ulmi on different grapevine varieties (BRS Vitória, Merlot and Concord) and apple (Fuji) under laboratory conditions. The food preference experiment did not reveal any significant differences, but P. ulmi presented the lowest rate of oviposition in the Concord varietal, demonstrating an oviposition preference in V. vinifera varietals and general preference for apple. Mortality was significantly different between varieties, with the lowest mortality on apple and higher oviposition rate in this host. Higher viability occurred on Merlot and apple. Feeding preference studies are scarce, considering phytophagous mites and grape varieties, although they are important in the development of pest control strategies.

scholarly journals Metaphorical Blends (Case Study of Metaphorization of Concept BOOK)

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01171
Author(s):  
Natalia Berezhnykh ◽  
Natalia Sivtseva ◽  
Tatiana Skopintseva ◽  
Assia Kontrimovich
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Emergent Properties ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Metaphorical Mapping ◽  
The Given ◽  
Blended Spaces

The article deals with the mechanism of creating metaphor in the context of the theory of conceptual integration. A particular emphasis is laid on the basic theses of the theory of conceptual metaphor and the theory of conceptual integration. The comparison of G. Lakoff and M. Johnson’s theory of conceptual metaphor and G. Fauconnier and M. Turner’s theory of conceptual integration is carried out. The analysis of the examples of metaphorical mapping of the concept BOOK is conducted and three conceptual metaphors of the given concept (the target domain) are defined. Each conceptual metaphor is described, the input spaces, generic and blended spaces are defined. The integrated roles and emergent properties and structures are determined and explained.

scholarly journals Spicy Food Preference and Risk for Alcohol Dependence in Korean

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hun Park ◽  
Sung-Gon Kim ◽  
Ji-Hoon Kim ◽  
Jin-Seong Lee ◽  
Woo-Young Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Spicy Food

The effect of food preference, landmarks, and maze shift on maze-solving time in desert ants

Behaviour ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 157 (7) ◽  
pp. 629-665
Author(s):  
Maya Saar ◽  
Dar Hershkovitz ◽  
Orin Amano ◽  
Darar Bega ◽  
Aziz Subach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Learning ◽  
Food Item ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
High Ranking ◽  
Desert Ants ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Cataglyphis Niger ◽  
Preference Experiment

Abstract We studied how food type and available landmarks affect spatial learning in the ant Cataglyphis niger while searching for food in a maze. We expected the ants to solve the maze faster with consecutive runs, when the preferred food type is offered, and in the presence of landmarks. Ants should also solve the maze more slowly following a mirror-route switch in the maze. As expected, maze-solving improved when searching for a preferred food type than a less preferred one, as determined in a separate food preference experiment. In contrast, adding landmarks to the maze had only little effect on maze-solving and the number of searching workers. Switching the route to a mirror-imaged route in the maze delayed maze-solving and required more workers to search for food. Our findings extend the knowledge on the ants’ learning abilities and demonstrate how foragers detect food faster when offered a high-ranking food item.

scholarly journals Metaphor in Cognitive Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (31) ◽  
pp. 166-176
Author(s):  
Dorota Połowniak-Wawrzonek
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Colloquial Language ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Metaphorical Mapping

The article presents issues relevant to the cognitive theory of metaphor developed by G. Lakoff and M. Johnson. The researchers suggest that metaphors are common. They are rooted in the experience, important in the perception of the world, thinking, acting, as revealed in the language. The metaphor of language is a reflection of a conceptual metaphor. Lakoff and Johnson point out that the metaphor of language occurs in the texts of various types, from the colloquial language to the specialist language. A metaphor carries out two important functions: explaining and facilitating understanding. It enables a partial understanding of some kind of experience in terms of another type of beings and experiences. Some issues such as the concept of love, metaphysical issues, become possible to understand only through metaphor. Thus, the thesis, which treats about necessity of metaphor, is significant. In the process of metaphorical cognition, there is a projection, which takes the source domain to the target domain. A thesis about invariant is important here. Metaphorical mapping is partial. At the root metaphor is structural similarity between domains or their correlations in our experience. Conceptual metaphors can create complex structural relationships. In the case of metaphor the thesis of one-way metaphorical mappings is as important as the thesis about her creative potential. Prominent semantics of conceptual metaphor cannot give full meaning in the literal paraphrase. Among the conceptual metaphors structural metaphors, orientation and ontological metaphors are characterized.

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