The premorbid background and the most significant predictors of the development chronic gastroduodenal pathology in children

The study features of premorbid background and the most significant predictors of the development of chronic gastroduodenal pathology in children and adolescents of school age. Materials and methods. The results of screening questioning of schoolchildren with chronic gastroduodenal pathology (CGDP) - n=286, and practically healthy schoolchildren - n=1023, from 6 to 15 years agо. The survey conducted according to the questionnaire developed by us, which includes 24 questions. The relative risk (RR) calculated using traditional statistical formulas with a confidence interval limit 95% CI (confidence interval). Results. In this study, it was found that the main nutritional reason for the development of СGDP in schoolchildren is a malnutrition - 69.2%, RR=2.25 (CI=1.81-2.79), and food for fast food - 65.0%, RR=4.19 (CI=3.45-5.09). The least observed was the abuse of spicy food - 4.9%, RR=1.24 (CI=0.80-1.91). The 42.7% of patients were constantly in a state of heightened psychoemotional stress - RR=1.6 (CI=1.32-1.93). Helicobacter pylori (HP) - infection was diagnosed in 57.7% of patients - RR=4.84 (CI=4.04-5.79), 29.0% of patients underwent acute intestinal infections - RR=2.74 (CI=2.29-3.27), and 62.3% had a history of hereditary burden of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract - RR=1.65 (CI=1.34-2.02) Conclusion. The most significant predictors and premorbid backgrounds for the development of СGDP in schoolchildren are HP-infection (RR=4.84; CI=4.04-5.79; RRR=3.84), food for fast food (RR=4.19; CI=3.45-5,09; RRR=3.20) with the development of overweight and obesity (RR=3.64; CI=2.97-4.47; RRR=2.64), the presence of chronic foci of infection (RR=2.58; CI=2.05-3.23; RRR=1.58).

Case Report on Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip

Introduction: Lip cancers are the most prevalent oral-maxillary malignancy. Lip cancer can be caused by a number of things, including smoking, exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, and drinking alcohol [1] In this article we report a case of lower lip squamous cell carcinoma in a 59 year old male patient who smoked heavily and had a history of direct sun exposure, and uv rays. His case report is important attributable to recurrent axillary metastases occurred after subsequent treatment. Clinical Findings: The patient chief complaint is burning sensation on consumption of hot & spicy food since 3 months, apraxia, difficulty in mastication since 2 months approximately & nerve parenthesis in lower lip. Diagnostic Evaluation: Hemoglobin (HB) -13.2gm,mch-27.9fl,mchc-33.3%, Total red blood cell (RBC) count-4.72million/cu.mm Rdw- 12.7%, Total white blood cell (WBC) count- 16500cu.mm, Monocytes -4%, Granulocytes- 85%, Lymphocytes -10%, Esonophils-2%, Basophilis-0%, Total platelet count-2.68 cu. mm. Histopathology report: A multiple, irregular, reddish, brownish tissue pieces aggregating 1×1cm. selection from given tissue piece shows histopathological features are suggestive of well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Therapeutic Intervention: post-chemo hydration, post-chemo drugs, BEP Chemotherapy (Bleomycin, Etoposide, Cisplatin). Summary and Conclusions: The patient who was a 59 years old male was admitted to the oral surgery ward. The patient was diagnosed as having squamous cell carcinoma of the lip and he had complained of having burning sensation on consumption of hot & spicy food over the preceding 3 months, apraxia and difficulty in mastication, over a period of about 2 months, and nerve paresthesia within his lower lip. He underwent mandibulectomy with excision of the tumour. Following radical mandibulectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the patient has remained well with no evidence of metastasis at his 4 months follow-up based upon clinical assessment and radiology imaging which does illustrate that radical surgery, plus chemo-radiation for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma has been shown to be associated with a good short-term outcome and after further follow-up assessments, the long-term outcome of radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy would be known.

Comparative evaluation of efficacy of muscle relaxant, vasodilator and combined intralesional steroid with hyalaronidase use in oral submucous fibrosis

Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a disease , which predominately occurs in Indians and South East Asians. It is characterised by mucosal rigidity of varying intensity due to fibroelastic changes of the juxta-epithelial layer, resulting in a progressive inability to open mouth. The main concern in the condition is the management of trismus and burning sensation of oral mucosa. this study was conducted to compare various medical treatment protocol of OSMF, so as to arrive at definitive and effective protocol for the management of OSMF. 105 patients of OSMF attending the ENT OPD and satisfying the criteria for inclusion were enrolled for the study. The subjects were randomly divided into age sex matched into three study groups( Dexa with hyaluronidase , Oral vasodilator, Muscle relaxant) in which the relief in symptoms was noted. Lycopene was given in all patients. Group A, patients were given intralesional injection Dexamethasone with Hyaluronidase biweekly for five weeks and marked improvement was seen in cases of pain with spicy food 13 cases (76.47%), followed by decreased in mouth opening 9 cases (56.25%). In Group B, oral vasodilator Tablet Pentoxifylline 400 mg TDS was given and showed improvement in difficulty in protruding tongue in 9 cases (60%), pain with spicy food 8 cases (50%), decreased mouth opening 6 cases (37.5%), oral ulceration 3 cases (42.85%). In Group C with muscle relaxant Tablet Myosone 50 mg BD showed improvement pain with spicy food 8 cases (42.10%), decreased mouth opening 8 cases (42.10), difficulty in swallowing 3 cases (37.5%). As there is still paramount of controversy regarding the ethology of OSMF there is no definite treatment protocol. Patients which received intralesional dexamethasone and hyaluronidase along with oral lycopene showed better clinical and symptomatic improvement in comparison to others groups, which at present appears to the best option for OSMF.

ROLE OF AN ETHNOMEDICINE- MUSTADI MODAKA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF 2ND DEGREE HAEMORRHOIDS (ARSHAS) – A CASE REPORT

In the present era of 21st century, haemorrhoids have become the most common and distressing anorectal disease. It is a lifestyle disease due to excessive intake of spicy food non-vegetarian food, and lack of exercise. Inadequate consumption of water and the habit of taking alcohol are some of the main reasons for the manifestation of the disease. Perianal trauma due to the long journey and excessive two-wheeler riding particularly on uneven roads and terrenes are also main reasons. Constipation is also a common cause of this disease. Haemorrhoids are dealt with rationally under the concept of Arshas. Use of medicine, surgery, cauterization with kshara and Agni are the treatment principles recommended for Arshas by Acharya Susruta. Except medicine, the rest of the procedures are invasive. The basic principles for the treatment of Arshas are deepana and anulomana (digestive, carminative, and laxative). A medicine with the above properties which is used traditionally by tribes is selected for the study. It has been found using among the tribes for a long time with no side effects. The contents of this medicine are safe and are used in routine ayurvedic practice. In this case study, an effort was made to evaluate the role of Mustadimodaka and ethnomedicine in the management of Arshas. Keywords: 2nd-degree haemorrhoids, Arshas, Mustadimodaka, Ethnomedicine

Prevalence of menopausal hot flashes in Lebanon: A cross-sectional study

Background: Menopausal hot flashes or vasomotor symptoms are prevalent and could be debilitating in postmenopausal women. There is controversy regarding the risk factors for hot flashes, some of which may vary from one country or culture to another. Objective: To shed light on this matter by assessing the prevalence of hot flashes, their effect on quality of life, and their association with certain factors such as physical exercise, caffeine, spicy food consumption, dietary intake, smoking, alcohol, etc. Materials and Methods: A large cross-sectional study was conducted among 627 Lebanese women, aged 45-67 yr using a well-developed and comprehensive questionnaire, in order to better assess the prevalence of hot flashes, focusing on their characteristics, association with various factors, severity, and effect on the women’s quality of life. Results: 62.5% of participants experienced hot flashes. A statistically significant difference was noted between women who experience hot flashes and their counterparts with respect to smoking, body mass index, spicy food consumption, education level, age, menstrual status, and parity. An association was not found with physical activity or other dietary factors. Conclusion: As an alternative for hormone therapy, clinicians should consider lifestyle changes to help manage hot flashes, which impose a tremendous physical and social toll on the women experiencing them. Key words: Menopause, Diet, Body mass index, Quality of life, Smoking.

Association between frequency of spicy food consumption and hypertension: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang Province, China

Background Hypertension is a known risk factor for multiple chronic diseases. Existing literature on the association between frequency of spicy food consumption and hypertension shows mixed findings. Methods The analyses are based on the Tongxiang baseline dataset of the China Kadoorie Biobank prospective study, including data from electronic questionnaires, physical measurements and blood sample collection. A total of 53,916 participants aged 30–79 years were included in the final analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association of spicy food consumption with hypertension, and multiple linear regression was performed to explore the association of spicy food consumption with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Results Of the 53,916 participants, 23,921 had prevalent hypertension. 12.3% of participants reported consuming spicy food weekly. Among female participants, after adjusting for socio-demographic status, lifestyle factors, BMI, waist circumference, sleep duration and snoring, when compared with females who never consumed spicy food, the odds ratios (95% CI) for hypertension were 1.02 (0.96–1.08), 0.90 (0.79–1.01), and 0.88 (0.78–0.99), respectively, for females who consumed spicy food less than once weekly, 1–2 times weekly, and ≥ 3 times weekly (Ptrend = 0.04). The corresponding odds ratios for males were 1.02 (0.95–1.09), 1.07 (0.95–1.20), and 0.91 (0.81–1.01), respectively (Ptrend = 0.39). Among current alcohol drinkers, compared to participants who never consumed spicy food, the odds ratio (95% CI) for hypertension among participants consuming spicy food daily was 0.98 (0.80–1.20). The corresponding figure for non-current drinkers was 0.72 (0.62–0.84). The association was stronger among non-current alcohol drinkers than among current drinkers (Pheterogeneity = 0.02). Conclusions Frequency of spicy food consumption is inversely associated with hypertension in females, but not in males.

Associations of spicy food flavor and intake frequency with blood lipid levels and risk of abnormal serum lipid levels in Chinese rural population: A cross-sectional study

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between spicy food intake and serum lipids levels in Chinese rural population. Design: Information on spicy food flavor and intake frequency was obtained using a two-item questionnaire survey. Dietary data was collected using a validated thirteen-item food frequency questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were collected and measured for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were employed to examine the relationship between spicy food and serum lipids levels according to the spicy food flavor and intake frequency, respectively. Setting: A cross-sectional study in Henan Province. Participants: 38238 participants aged 18–79 years old. Results: Spicy flavor and intake frequency were consistently associated with decreased TC and Non-HDL-C levels, but mildly associated with elevated TG levels. Each level increment in spicy flavor was inversely associated with High TC (odds ratio (OR): 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-0.93)” and High Non-HDL-C (OR: 0.88; 95%CI: 0.85-0.91), while positively associated with High TG (OR: 1.04; 95%CI: 1.01-1.07). Similarly, one day increment in spicy food intake frequency was also inversely associated with High TC (OR: 0.92, 95%CI: 0.91-0.94)” and High Non-HDL-C (OR: 0.91; 95%CI: 0.89-0.93), while positively associated with High TG (OR: 1.04; 95%CI: 1.02-1.06). Conclusions: Spicy food intake was mildly associated with increased risk of abnormal TG level, significantly associated with decreased risk of abnormal TC and Non-HDL levels. Spicy food intake may be contribute to the management of lipid levels.

THE EFFECT OF LEHA KAMALA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BAHUPITTA KAMALA A CASE STUDY

Kamala is described under Raktavaha Srotas & Yakrit-pliha is the mula sthan of Raktavaha Srotas. Acharya Charaka said that Kamala is next stage of pandu mainly cause due to frequently consumption of Ushna (hot), Tikshna (spicy) food i.e. Pittaprakopak Ahara (increasing level of Pitta) but Sushruta and Vagbhata have accepted Kamala (Jaundice) not only as one of the complications of Pandu Roga (Aneamia) but also in association of other diseases. Due to these factors vitiation of Pitta (bile), Rakta (blood) and Mamsa (muscles) Dhatu occurs. Symptoms like yellowish discoloration of skin (Twak pitata), sclera (netra pitata), urine (Mutra pitata), stool (Purisha pitata) etc. are clinical symptoms of Kamala. Ayurveda believes in treating disease at its root cause from within. The present article is a case report of 56 years old male, farmer by profession visited in OPD and then admitted in IPD of Dr. M.N. Agashe Dharmarth Rugnalalaya, Satara on 07/12/2020 having complaining of Netra pitata (icterus), Mutrapitata (Yellowish urine), Adhmana (pain in abdomen), Sakashta mutrapravrutti (painful micturition), Padashotha (Bipedal edema), Mukhapaka (Mouth ulcer) from last 4 days. He was on antihypertensive drug regularly. He was having Arsha (bleeding hemorrhoids), also having h/o Kamala 2 years ago. The patient was treated with Ayurveda management under IPD and then OPD basis for 3 weeks. This helps to achieve complete curative and prophylactic management of Bahupitta Kamala through Ayurveda.