scholarly journals Challenges in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hiccup in Neurological Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
Nícollas Nunes Rabelo ◽  
Daniel Alves Branco Valli ◽  
Igor De Souza Furtado ◽  
Luciano José Silveira Filho ◽  
Vitor Hugo Honorato Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Phrenic Nerve ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Intractable Hiccups ◽  
Stimulation Of

Hiccup is a prevalent event in the general population and can be found from milder, (so-called benign) to persistent and intractable forms. Hiccups have several causes, but stimulation of the phrenic nerve with compression, deformation and traction are among the most prevalent which could be consequence of mediastinal or lung cancer, gastric and/or esophageal distention, gastroesophageal reflux, instruments (catheters and intubation), cholecystitis, pericarditis or neurological causes. The objective of this paper is to stablish one treatment protocol and hiccup treatment in acute, persistent and intractable stages. A literature review was performed at Scielo, Pubmed, Ebsco, Clin Neuropharmacol, and ScienceDirect databases. Articles and publications from 1970 to 2015 were selected. The relevance of this article is the challenge for diagnostic and the difficulty to stablish the best plan to be addressed in cases of persistent or intractable hiccups in neurological patients, since they probably have many causes.

Timeliness of access to lung cancer diagnosis and treatment: A scoping literature review

Lung Cancer ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 156-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margo M. Jacobsen ◽  
Sophie C. Silverstein ◽  
Michael Quinn ◽  
Leo B. Waterston ◽  
Christian A. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Scoping Literature Review

scholarly journals PD-1 Inhibitors-Related Neurological Toxicities in Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Literature Review

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Mirabile ◽  
Elena Brioschi ◽  
Monika Ducceschi ◽  
Sheila Piva ◽  
Chiara Lazzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Patient Death

The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors gave rise to a new era in oncology and general medicine. The increasing use of programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer and in other malignancies means clinicians have to face up to new challenges in managing immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which often resemble autoimmune diseases. Neurological irAEs represent an emerging toxicity related to immunotherapy, and it is mandatory to know how to monitor, recognize, and manage them, since they can rapidly lead to patient death if untreated. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of these irAEs have been recently published but sharing some of the most unusual clinical cases is crucial, in our opinion, to improve awareness and to optimize the approach for these patients. A literature review on the diagnosis and treatment of immune-related neurotoxicity’s has been conducted starting from the report of four cases of neurological irAEs regarding cases of polyneuropathy, myasthenia gravis, Bell’s palsy, and encephalopathy, all of which occurred in oncological patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors (pembrolizumab and nivolumab) for the treatment of non-oncogene addicted advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The exclusion of other differential diagnoses and the correlation between the suspension of immunotherapy and improvement of symptoms suggest that immunotherapy could be the cause of the neurological disorders reported.

Stress urinary incontinence: injection method of treatment (literature review)

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
E I Ermakova
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Injection Method ◽  
Periurethral Injection

The purpose of the review - presentation of clinical scientific data based on current evidence of information on the management of patients with stress urinary incontinence, the effectiveness and safety of periurethral injections of various bulking substances. Material and methods. А review of Russian and foreign sources on the prevalence, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women, in particular the injection method. Results. The review presents data of the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women, depending on the severity of the pathology. Analyzed the data of periurethral injection of various bulking materials, their effectiveness and safety.

scholarly journals A lung cancer patient with deep vein thrombosis:a case report and literature review

BMC Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yungu Chen ◽  
Yiu Sing Tsang ◽  
Xiaoxia Chou ◽  
Jiong Hu ◽  
Qing Xia
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Lung Cancer Patient ◽  
Deep Vein

scholarly journals Assessment of magnetic flux density properties of electromagnetic noninvasive phrenic nerve stimulations for environmental safety in an ICU environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Friedrich Kuhn ◽  
Julius J. Grunow ◽  
Pascal Leimer ◽  
Marco Lorenz ◽  
David Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Phrenic Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Electromagnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractDiaphragm weakness affects up to 60% of ventilated patients leading to muscle atrophy, reduction of muscle fiber force via muscle fiber injuries and prolonged weaning from mechanical ventilation. Electromagnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerve can induce contractions of the diaphragm and potentially prevent and treat loss of muscular function. Recommended safety distance of electromagnetic coils is 1 m. The aim of this study was to investigate the magnetic flux density in a typical intensive care unit (ICU) setting. Simulation of magnetic flux density generated by a butterfly coil was performed in a Berlin ICU training center with testing of potential disturbance and heating of medical equipment. Approximate safety distances to surrounding medical ICU equipment were additionally measured in an ICU training center in Bern. Magnetic flux density declined exponentially with advancing distance from the stimulation coil. Above a coil distance of 300 mm with stimulation of 100% power the signal could not be distinguished from the surrounding magnetic background noise. Electromagnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerve for diaphragm contraction in an intensive care unit setting seems to be safe and feasible from a technical point of view with a distance above 300 mm to ICU equipment from the stimulation coil.

scholarly journals The potential of pharmacological activities of the multi-compound treatment for GERD: literature review and a network pharmacology-based analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junghyun Park ◽  
Dongyeop Jang ◽  
Hung Manh Phung ◽  
Tae Joon Choi ◽  
Chang-Eop Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Pharmacological Activities

AbstractThe prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is rapidly increasing due to the adoption of a Westernized lifestyle; at the same time, safe and efficient treatment is required due to the side effects and refractoriness of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). The frequently used multi-compound treatment for GERD in the current traditional Korean medicine (TKM) clinical field comprises Crassostrea gigas Thunberg shell (CGTS), Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam (BCT), Ponciri Fructus Immaturus (PFI), Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG), medicated leaven (ML) and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (GRR). The current review was based on “Kun-Shin-Choa-Sa” theory and network analysis was conducted to explore the potential pharmacological activities, including efficacy and mechanisms of action of multi-compound treatment against GERD. Hypergeometric test results showed that the targets of multi-compound treatment are significantly associated with GERD gene sets, consistent with the literature review findings. In particular, the enrichment analysis indicated that the SBG targets are related to the IL-17 signaling pathway, bile secretion, small-cell lung cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer, corroborating the literature review, particularly concerning anti-inflammatory effect. In the literature review, CGTS and BCT, classified as “Kun,” play a role in anti-acid, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative effects. The complementary “Shin” herbs, PFI and SBG, showed functions related to improving the prolonged gastric emptying rate, peristalsis, and a gastric cytoprotective effect. With the role of “Choa,” ML was suggested to inhibit H. pylori growth and diminish gastric acid secretion, consistent with the gastric acid secretion pathway in the enrichment analysis. However, the enrichment analysis did not show any significantly related pathways for CGTS and PFI, which may reflect the lack of information in the KEGG database in terms of the link between GERD, its mechanisms, and the abundance of minerals in CGTS. Despite the pharmacological potential of multi-compound treatment, this study should be corroborated by well-designed future experimental studies.

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