Sepsis incidence in the general population and its predictors: a literature review

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saga Elise Mariansdatter
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Literature Review

scholarly journals COVID toes: a unique cutaneous indicator of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (39) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Travis Dowdle ◽  
Todd Brown ◽  
Joshua Peterson ◽  
Kiana Banafshay ◽  
Jeannie Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Trends Analysis ◽  
Additional Testing ◽  
Children And Young Adults

Background: This brief review considers major aspects of COVID toes as currently understood. Topics discussed include etiology, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, treatment, and management. Media characterization, potentially leading to intense public interest in COVID toes during the summer of 2020, is also discussed. Methods: The literature review was conducted by selecting articles from PUBMED, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Google Scholar based on the relevance to our topic. To determine the relative search interest of the general population, a Google Trends analysis was queried on 11/17/20 for the retrospective duration of 11/17/2019–11/17/2020. Results: The majority of patients who have presented with COVID toes are children and young adults. COVID toes generally present as acro-ischemic lesions, which are microthrombotic events in the extremities, leading to symptoms such as pseudo-chilblains or pernio-like lesions. Chilblains are histologically classified as an inflammatory disorder with a prominent perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate seen on microscopy. The regions are described as appearing erythematous to purple purpuric macules, papules, and/or vesicles. In many cases, COVID toes symptoms are self-limiting. Conclusion: The development of COVID toes represents an additional manifestation of COVID-19 that should lead to additional testing. Knowledge of these symptoms can give healthcare workers and the general public another tool for recognizing COVID-19. Keywords: COVID toes, COVID-19, coronavirus, chilblains, pernio

scholarly journals Improving Health Care Management in Primary Care for Homeless People: A Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Jego ◽  
J Abcaya ◽  
C Calvet-montredon ◽  
S Gentile
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Primary Health

Abstract Background Homeless people have poorer health status than the general population. They need complex care management, because of associated medical troubles (somatic and psychiatric) and social difficulties. However, they face multiple difficulties in accessing primary health care and receive less preventive health care than the general population. Methods We performed a literature review that included articles which described and evaluated primary care programs for homeless people. We searched into the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, COCHRANE library, and Cairn.info databases primary articles published between 1 January 2012 and 15 December 2016. We also performed a grey literature search, and we added relative articles as we read the references of the selected articles. We described the main characteristics of the primary care programs presented in the selected articles. Then we classified these characteristics in main categories, as a descriptive thematic analysis. Secondarily, we synthetized the main results about the evaluation of each intervention or organization. Results Most of the programs presented a team-based approach, multidisciplinary and/or integrated care. They often proposed co-located services between somatic health services, mental health services and social support services. They also tried to answer to the specific needs of homeless people. Some characteristics of these programs were associated with significant positive outcomes: tailored primary care organizations, clinic orientation, multidisciplinary team-based models which included primary care physicians and clinic nurses, integration of social support, and engagement in the community’s health. Conclusions Primary health care programs that aimed at taking care of the homeless people should emphasize a multidisciplinary approach and should consider an integrated (mental, somatic and social) care model. Key messages To improve the health care management of homeless people it seems necessary to priorize multidisciplinary approach, integrated care, involve community health and answer their specific needs. It is necessary to evaluate more non-tailored primary care programs that collaborate with tailored structures.

The risk of pain syndrome affecting a previously non-painful limb following trauma or surgery in patients with a history of complex regional pain syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen S. Satteson ◽  
Patrick W. Harbour ◽  
L. Andrew Koman ◽  
Beth P. Smith ◽  
Zhongyu Li
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Distal Radius Fracture ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Secondary Injury ◽  
History Of

AbstractBackground and purposeComplex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a challenging complication after surgery or trauma. This study sought to determine the incidence of CRPS after a second inciting event in a previously unaffected extremity in patients with a history of an ongoing CRPS diagnosis in another extremity.MethodsA retrospective review identified patients with CRPS seen in clinic over a 20-month period. The incidence of CRPS after subsequent surgery or injury in a previous unaffected extremity was determined and compared to an average incidence reported in the literature.ResultsNinety-three patients had a diagnosis of primary CRPS. Nineteen (20.4%) developed CRPS in one or more additional extremity compared to the incidence of 23.4 per 100,000 (0.0234%) in the literature (odds ratio 1069.6, p < 0.0001,95% CI 562.0–2035.7). Twenty patients had a documented secondary injury or surgery in a second extremity. Fifteen (75%) developed secondary CRPS compared to a CRPS incidence rate of 6.4% following distal radius fracture, as determined by literature review (odds ratio 11.7, p < 0.001, 95% CI 5.9–23.2).ConclusionsThese result suggest that patients with a history of CRPS are more likely to develop secondary CRPS compared to the rates reported in the literature among the general population.ImplicationsPatients with a history of CRPS should be counselled that they may be at risk for developing secondary CRPS if they undergo surgery or sustain trauma to another extremity.

The prevalence of voice-hearers in the general population: A literature review

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Beavan ◽  
John Read ◽  
Claire Cartwright
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Literature Review

scholarly journals Challenges in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hiccup in Neurological Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
Nícollas Nunes Rabelo ◽  
Daniel Alves Branco Valli ◽  
Igor De Souza Furtado ◽  
Luciano José Silveira Filho ◽  
Vitor Hugo Honorato Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Phrenic Nerve ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Intractable Hiccups ◽  
Stimulation Of

Hiccup is a prevalent event in the general population and can be found from milder, (so-called benign) to persistent and intractable forms. Hiccups have several causes, but stimulation of the phrenic nerve with compression, deformation and traction are among the most prevalent which could be consequence of mediastinal or lung cancer, gastric and/or esophageal distention, gastroesophageal reflux, instruments (catheters and intubation), cholecystitis, pericarditis or neurological causes. The objective of this paper is to stablish one treatment protocol and hiccup treatment in acute, persistent and intractable stages. A literature review was performed at Scielo, Pubmed, Ebsco, Clin Neuropharmacol, and ScienceDirect databases. Articles and publications from 1970 to 2015 were selected. The relevance of this article is the challenge for diagnostic and the difficulty to stablish the best plan to be addressed in cases of persistent or intractable hiccups in neurological patients, since they probably have many causes.

scholarly journals Mortality in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: Lithuanian National Registry Data and Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12338
Author(s):  
Jolanta Dadonienė ◽  
Greta Charukevič ◽  
Gabija Jasionytė ◽  
Karolina Staškuvienė ◽  
Dalia Miltinienė
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽  
Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Total Cohort

Despite significant improvement in survival, rheumatic diseases (RD) are associated with premature mortality rates comparable to cardiovascular and neoplastic disorders. The aim of our study was to assess mortality, causes of death, and life expectancy in an inflammatory RD retrospective cohort and compare those with the general population as well as with the results of previously published studies in a systematic literature review. Patients with the first-time diagnosis of inflammatory RD during 2012–2019 were identified and cross-checked for their vital status and the date of death. Sex- and age-standardized mortality ratios (SMR) as well as life expectancy for patients with inflammatory RDs were calculated. The results of a systematic literature review were included in meta-standardized mortality ratio calculations. 11,636 patients with newly diagnosed RD were identified. During a total of 43,064.34 person-years of follow-up, 950 death cases occurred. The prevailing causes of death for the total cohort were cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. The age- and sex-adjusted SMR for the total cohort was calculated to be 1.32 (1.23; 1.40). Patients with rheumatoid arthritis if diagnosed at age 18–19 tend to live for 1.63 years less than the general population, patients with spondyloarthritis—for 2.7 years less, patients with connective tissue diseases—for almost nine years less than the general population. The findings of our study support the hypothesis that patients with RD have a higher risk of mortality and lower life expectancy than the general population.

scholarly journals Body dysmorphic disorder (dysmorphophobia / dysmorphomania): literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
N. I. Khramtsova ◽  
Yu. Yu. Zayakin ◽  
S. A. Plaksin ◽  
V. А. Kurkina
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Incorrect Diagnosis ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Mental Pathology

A literature review regarding body dysmorphic disorder. Analysis of Russian and foreign bibliographic sources. Dysmorphophobia (body dysmorphic disorder, dysmorphomania) is a psychopathological disorder with ideas of imaginary or exaggerated personal physical inferiority. In the general population it occurs in more than 2 %. Criteria for dysmorphophobia diagnosis are the following: excessive preoccupation with any imaginary or insignificant defect in appearance; preoccupation with a clinically significant disorder or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning; the clinical picture is not explained by another mental disorder. A unique approach to the diagnosis of dysmorphophobia has not been developed yet; clinical, pathopsychological and anamnestic methods are used as well as special questionnaires. Treatment includes drug and psychotherapeutic approaches. The disease is usually chronic, only 9 % of patients manage to achieve stable remission and only 21 % partial. Narrow specialists are not always acquainted with dysmorphophobia; it leads to an incorrect diagnosis and treatment. It is necessary to improve methods for the timely detection and correction of this form of mental pathology in order to prevent severe personal and social consequences of the disease.

Psychosocial Intervention Studies for Street Children with Substance Abuse

2017 ◽  
pp. 237-257
Author(s):  
Lakshmana G.
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
General Population ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Psychosocial Intervention ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Ways Of Coping

The chapter made an attempt to review the literature and describes various interventions available for street children. The current chapter enlists all the intervention activities carried out for this group. Method of the study followed web based literature review (secondary data) using pubmed, Ebsco, Psyinfo, like on by using key words such as street children, substance abuse, motivation, intervention like on. Totally about 300 studies had been found out which discussed about street children. Among them the reviewers had chosen important studies for review purpose. Studies were discussed under the subthemes of concept of street children, prevalence of street children, reasons for on the street, street life and ways of coping with stress, substance abuse among street children, intervention carried out with street children and substance abuse, suggestions and conclusion. Conclusion: The discussed psychosocial intervention in the chapter are well proven in the general population and effectively tried with street children.

scholarly journals Overconfidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Robert Paul Singh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
General Population ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
The Past

PurposeThere has been significant growth in entrepreneurship research over the past several decades. Yet with all of the knowledge gained and presumably improved training of would-be entrepreneurs, firm failure rates remain persistently high. It is argued here that the historical and continued research focus on successful entrepreneurs has limited the field. Entrepreneurs are often considered to possess uniquely positive capabilities relative to the general population; this paper explores the possibility that the majority of entrepreneurs suffer from overconfidence and that this leads most entrepreneurs to make “bad bets” that result in underperformance and firm failure.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a qualitative review of the literature was performed.FindingsBased on the literature review, three formal propositions are developed. The first two suggest that the majority of entrepreneurs are overconfident in their personal capabilities and the prospects for their new ventures. It is then proposed that this overconfidence leads to errors in judgment that results in financial underperformance and failure found among most new ventures.Originality/valueThis paper makes an important contribution to the entrepreneurship literature by arguing that overconfidence negatively impacts pre-founding decision-making such that entrepreneurs pursue flawed opportunities. Studying the issues raised in this paper may spur new lines of research and knowledge that lead to better entrepreneurial outcomes.

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