scholarly journals Moscow Shi‘ite Communities in the Post-Soviet Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-160
Author(s):  
E. M. Seitov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Religious Networks ◽  
The One ◽  
Autonomous Development ◽  
Post Soviet Period

This article is devoted to the study of Shi‘ite Muslims, natives of Transcaucasia, South Asia, and Southern Dagestan, settled in the Moscow region during the post-Soviet period. The study is based on the author’s field materials (2017–2021). There are three main stages of the formation of Shi‘ite communities in Moscow: activities individual activists in the 1990s; sustainable development in the 2000s; and full-fledged autonomous existence in the 2010s. The article shows that the Shi‘ites in Moscow are not united in the one whole community, moreover, communities representing different ethnic groups are independent of each other. They develop separately; at the same time, some neophytes stand apart. The structure and social relations in Shi‘ite communities largely reproduce patterns of social organization of their homeland. Ethnic, cultural and linguistic borders do not become transparent. Political events and upheavals in the exodus countries activate the national and ethnic feelings of the Moscow Shi‘ites. The Shi‘ite communities have built interstate religious networks, which allow them to continue their autonomous development in the Moscow region.

Response to W. Lance Bennett's Review of Television, Power, and the Public in Russia

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 933-933
Author(s):  
Ellen Mickiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Soviet Rule ◽  
The Public ◽  
Early Experiences ◽  
The One ◽  
Post Soviet Period

W. Lance Bennett is rightly pessimistic about a state with government-run mass media, on the one hand, and unchecked corruption, on the other. The massive and partially acknowledged corruption operates menacingly at all levels of society, a phenomenon mainly of the post-Soviet period. And the situation is bound to worsen as the economic crisis grows. However, it is unlikely that this decade of rampant corruption is the source of most heuristics that Russians use, for the derivation and content of shortcuts to navigate news tend to be drawn from early experiences under Soviet rule.

Demographic and Socio-Cultural Aspects of the Situation of the Kazakhs in Modern Uzbekistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4 (28)) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Aksunkar T. Abdulina
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Language Of Instruction ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article presents the results of studying some aspects of demographic and social relations among the Kazakhs of Uzbekistan, who were subjected to assimilation in the post-Soviet period. The decrease in the quantitative indicators of the Kazakh ethnic group was caused by the migration outflow to Kazakhstan, where the policy of repatriation of ethnic Kazakhs and their socio-cultural adaptation is being pursued. Despite the declaration and implementation of a policy of broad tolerance towards ethnic and confessional groups in Independent Uzbekistan, under the presidency of I. Karimov, ethnicity was eroded, which led to reduction in the number of educational institutions with the Kazakh language of instruction, the representation of Kazakhs in power structures, etc. Under the new president Sh. Mirziyoev, some positive trends in the state of the Kazakh diaspora in Uzbekistan were outlined.

scholarly journals Islamic Activism in Trans-Kama Region: History and Modernity

Islamovedenie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Roza Vagizovna Nurullina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Movements ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
New Religious Movements ◽  
New Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
In Trans ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article examines the development of Islam in the Trans-Kama (Zakamsky) region of the Republic of Tatarstan. The region is characterized by the natural and geographical isolation from the center, economic uniqueness, specificity of the historical process and the formation of a distinct socio-cultural environment. On the one hand, this is an area of traditional agriculture with a sus-tained history of Islam development in а different confessional surrounding. On the other hand, new cities and monotowns with their marginality, the lack of spirituality and cultural bonds create a fa-vorable environment for the spread of new religious movements. The empirical basis of the article are the results of monitoring publications in the media and social networks of recent years (1,171 messages, 2016-2020) that refute the prevailing idea that the activity of Muslims in Trans-Kama region of Tatarstan in the post-Soviet period has an overall extremist orientation. The author con-cludes that, as a whole, the Muslim community of Trans-Kama region is capable to adequately per-ceive the reality, adapt to it and move to a new development level.

Children’s literature of the Soviet period as a source of philosophical ideas (case of Nikolai Nosov)

Human Affairs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-170
Author(s):  
Natalia Beresneva ◽  
Alexander Vnutskikh
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Free Development ◽  
Special Mention ◽  
Post Soviet Period

Abstract The relevance of the research is due to the interest of modern science in the successful experience of comprehending social reality and of social forecasting in forms nontrivial for systematic rational thinking. T topic is especially important in the context of global instability, in which human civilization has been living for the last decades. The main question is the possible existence of a critical philosophy in terms of the ideological pressure of the Soviet period. The author substantiates the hypothesis that children’s literature could be a form of free development of philosophical thinking, permissible in these circumstances. The research is of practical value to humanities scholars studying Soviet and post-Soviet period Russian culture, literature, philosophy, regardless of their theoretical and ideological orientations, since it examines the philosophical aspects in the works by the Soviet children’s writer Nikolai Nosov, author of trilogy about Dunno (rus. Neznajka), and not well-known abroad. The article justifies the opinion that Nosov’s creative heritage is underestimated both in Russian and foreign humanities and not sufficiently analyzed. Through the analysis of N. Nosov’s texts, undertaken by Russian and foreign scholars and publicists (among which L. Abdel-Rahim and L. Karawan deserve a special mention), implicit social and philosophical ideas are revealed, and the basic social forecasting is determined in relation to the society of ‘developed socialism’. Marxist philosophy had a significant impact on N. Nosov’s worldview; however, the writer is alien to the ideological blinders of the dominant forms of Soviet philosophy. Nosov’s Marxism in the form of popular ‘children’s’ discourse suddenly finds itself able to effectively implement critical and prognostic function of philosophy. Being decades ahead of Soviet ideologists and philosophers in this respect, N. Nosov convincingly showed the problem nature of ‘developed socialism’. An important diagnosis of this society and a forecast for its future is possible ‘breakdown’ of the historical process (despite scientific and technical achievements) due to the insufficient level of culture and consciousness, the immaturity of social relations.

scholarly journals Teodor Shanin: “Let’s stand on the Side of the Light against the Forces of Darkness”!

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-187
Author(s):  
Boris Doktorov ◽  
Alexander Nikulin
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Sociopolitical Development ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Ethical Relativism ◽  
90Th Birthday ◽  
Childhood Memories ◽  
The People ◽  
The One ◽  
Ethical Basis ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The conversation between Boris Doktorov and Alexander Nikulin is devoted to the discussion of the intelligent and existential heritage of the British and Russian sociologist Teodor Shanin (10.29.1930 – 02.04.2020), who passed away this year on the eve of his 90th birthday. Particular attention in the conversation is paid to the ethical basis of Shanin’s intellectual and social activities. On examples from the biography of Teodor Shanin, from childhood memories spent in Stalin’s Siberian exile, to Shanin speeches at the symposium “Where is Russia Going” of the post-Soviet period, the most important milestones of the sociopolitical development of Russia are reconstructed, connected by the theme of the people, intelligentsia and power. A kind of ethical paradox in Shanin’s worldview and actions is emphasized, on the one hand, being guided by the principles of ethical relativism, on the other hand, who always insisted on an uncompromising and activist choice of a person in favor of good in the fight against the forces of evil. In conclusion, the ways of further study and development of Teodor Shanin’s heritage are discussed.

scholarly journals THE TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE LIFE WORLD IN THE SOVIET AND POST-SOVIET LITERATURE FOR CHILDREN

Doxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 106-119
Author(s):  
Olena Kolesnyk
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Value System ◽  
Life World ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Cultural Paradigm ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Soviet Literature ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article examines the transformation of the image of the life world, reflected in the problematics and value system of significant works of literature for children of the Soviet and post-Soviet period (on the example of Ukrainian and Russian literature). It is shown that literature for children quite clearly reflects the cultural and social environment, which allows the text to be dated to within a decade, but the best works go beyond their immediate context, which allows them to function in fundamentally new social conditions. The study of books that have an enduring popularity even after the country and society where they were created, have ceased to be, demonstrate remarkable vitality. Studying of the complex of ideas and values that underlie these texts can be helpful for better understanding of the axiological constants that can survive political, social and ideological transformations. Other important theme is the transformation of the reception of a text, were some layers of meaning can be actualized, and some – ignored, whether consciously or subconsciously. The study of selective reception of the text according to the dominant cultural paradigm can also have culturological value. Soviet literature for children cannot be evaluated only as a product of a conservative totalitarian society. It was constantly transformed, which led to the fact that the date of writing the text can almost always be set to the nearest decade. The study of these differences helps to see more clearly the trends of cultural change on a civilizational and global scale. Another aspect is the understanding of Ukrainian literature for children, which was formed within the general Soviet paradigm, although it has always had its own uniqueness. With the disintegration of the Union, and especially with the political events of recent years, Ukrainian literature has clearly separated from Russian in terms of both topics and guidelines. It is worth tracing which tendencies are common to both literatures, which are global, and which are peculiar only to our culture. It is also worth researching the comparison of modern Ukrainian literature with other cultural traditions, both to learn from the experience and to assert the uniqueness of their own art and their own world of life.

Shattered Transition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathijs Pelkmans
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Practice ◽  
Public Events ◽  
Political Events ◽  
National Hero ◽  
Political Turmoil ◽  
Post Soviet Period

This chapter examines shifts in Kyrgyzstan's ideological landscape. It considers public events that are suggestive of the rhythms of Kyrgyz political life, and the issues that fueled collective action, along with the more slow-paced ideological currents that informed them. To gain an overview of these slower trends, three statues that successively occupied the Ala-Too Square's central 15-meter-high pedestal are discussed: the statue of Vladimir Lenin, the Erkindik (Liberty) statue, and the statute of the national hero Manas. The chapter also discusses the trajectories of socialism, (neo) liberalism, and nationalism in the post-Soviet period and explores how these ideologies translated into political practice, along with the tensions between rhetoric and reality that has characterized Kyrgyzstan's so-called transition. By connecting the succession of statues to the political events unfolding on the Ala-Too Square and beyond, the chapter shows how Kyrgyzstan's unraveling transition became interspersed with recurrent eruptions of political turmoil.

scholarly journals RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF THE CULTURE OF THE NUTRITION OF THE CITIZENS OF DAGESTAN IN THE LATEST TIME (THE SECOND HALF OF THE EIGHTIES OF THE XX CENTURY - THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
R I Seferbekov
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article traces the processes of transforming the food culture of the peoples of Dagestan into the so-called perestroika years and in the post-Soviet period. Under the culture of nutrition is understood a set of phenomena in the life of a person that are associated with food and nutrition (food intake) - sets of food products, ways of processing them, cooking techniques and culinary products, recipes, traditions of food preferences or food restrictions and prohibitions, Forms of organization of meals, table etiquette and rituals. A special kind of food culture is the food of the urban population. The food of the townspeople differs from that of the rural population, where traditional components predominate. According to the author, globalization has had a major impact on the culture of Dagestani citizens. The greatest influence on the food culture of Dagestanis in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet times was provided by Azerbaijani and Russian cuisines. Especially big changes in the culture of nutrition of the townspeople of Dagestan have occurred since the second half of the 80-s. XX century. They were connected with socio-political events in the USSR, the influence of the global and Russian urbanized culture. In the opinion of the author, the dishes of Russian and European cuisine, in which there are separate elements of traditional Dagestan cuisine, are manifested in food of calendar and religious holidays, wedding celebrations, guests' reception and daily meals constitute the basis of the diet of Dagestan's citizens in recent times. The influence of Azerbaijani cuisine is more felt in the culture of eating of the townspeople of the cities of Derbent and the Dagestan Ogni and to a lesser extent in other cities of Dagestan. In connection with the ethnocultural interactions and mutual influences, the processes of globalization, in recent times, there has been a trend towards the internationalization of the diet of Dagestan's citizens.

Abu Hamid al-Ghazali in Russian Islamology: Soviet and Early Post-Soviet Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
I. R. Nasyrov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Period ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
The One ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article provides a comprehensive picture of the state of research on the thought of Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (1058–1111), the greatest Islamic jurist, theologian and thinker, in Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia. The research is important because there is a widespread stereotypical view in the West and Russia that the decline of rationalism in the Muslim world and strengthening of Mysticism is due to al-Ghazali. The first part of the article traces down a number of research projects carried out during the aforementioned period, the dominant research trends and different approaches to al-Ghazali’s thought in general and certain his teachings. The author demonstrates that Soviet and Russian researchers have made a substantial progress in studying the intellectual legacy of al-Ghazali due to forsaking the one-sided approach that prevailed in Marxist Oriental studies during the Soviet era. According to their views, al-Ghazali developed a rationalistic trend of the Islamic Theology (Kalam) and Muslim Peripatetic Philosophy. Studies on al-Ghazali carried out in the late Soviet era and in Post-Soviet Russia will be analyzed in the second part of the paper.

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