scholarly journals Perfil del modus operandi de los criminales de la extorsión en Caquetá, Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Alex Gabriel Ochoa Díaz ◽  
◽  
Pablo Páramo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Scalogram Analysis

El presente estudio tiene como propósito caracterizar el fenómeno de la extorsión como práctica delictiva en el departamento del Caquetá (Colombia), a partir del perfil general derivado de la identificación de algunas variables que diferencian los modus operandi de los principales autores de este flagelo. Se realizó el análisis de 52 casos de extorsión en la región a partir de la sistematización de las denuncias interpuestas por las víctimas, lo cual permitió identificar las variables que caracterizan el delito. La información fue sistematizada y analizada con el programa Multidimensional Scalogram Analysis (MSA), con el cual se evidencia que el delito de extorsión es estructurado al mostrar similitud en el accionar de los distintos grupos criminales que actúan en la zona, lo que contribuye a esclarecer en cierto grado el responsable y su modalidad extorsiva. Se discute la importancia del análisis centrado en el MSA para la perfilación de la extorsión y sus implicaciones en el esclarecimiento de otros delitos dentro de la investigación criminal.

Facet Theory

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Guttman ◽  
Charles W. Greenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Facet Theory ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Multidimensional Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scalogram Analysis

This article gives an overview of Facet Theory, a systematic approach to facilitating theory construction, research design, and data analysis for complex studies, that is particularly appropriate to the behavioral and social sciences. Facet Theory is based on (1) a definitional framework for a universe of observations in the area of study; (2) empirical structures of observations within this framework; (3) a search for correspondence between the definitional system and aspects of the empirical structure for the observations. The development of Facet Theory and Facet Design is reviewed from early scale analysis and the Guttman Scale, leading to the concepts of “mapping sentence,” “universe of content,” “common range,” “content facets,” and nonmetric multidimensional methods of data analysis. In Facet Theory, the definition of the behavioral domain provides a rationale for hypothesizing structural relationships among variables employed in a study. Examples are presented from various areas of research (intelligence, infant development, animal behavior, etc.) to illustrate the methods and results of structural analysis with Smallest Space Analysis (SSA), Multidimensional Scalogram Analysis (MSA), and Partial Order Scalogram Analysis (POSA). The “radex” and “cylindrex” of intelligence tests are shown to be outstanding examples of predicted spatial configurations that have demonstrated the ubiquitous emergence of the same empirical structures in different studies. Further examples are given from studies of spatial abilities, infant development, animal behavior, and others. The use of Facet Theory, with careful construction of theory and design, is shown to provide new insights into existing data; it allows for the diagnosis and discrimination of behavioral traits and makes the generalizability and replication of findings possible, which in turn makes possible the discovery of lawfulness. Achievements, issues, and future challenges of Facet Theory are discussed.

Integracja w dezintegracji i dezintegracja w integracji: determinanty mechanizmów integracyjnych w Unii Europejskiej

2018 ◽  
pp. 10-37
Author(s):  
Barbara Curyło
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Differentiated Integration ◽  
Integration Mechanisms ◽  
Strategic Issue ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Eu

In the discussion on the future of the EU, the topic of differentiated integration has become a strategic issue, with different variants beginning to appear as modus operandi of the European Union, which has become a subject of controversy among Member States. Significantly, the debate on differentiated integration began to be accompanied by reflections on disintegration. This article attempts to define disintegration on the assumption that it should be defined through the prism of integration, and that such a defining process can not be limited to concluding a one-way contrast between disintegration versus integration and vice versa. This is due to the assumption that the European Union is a dichotomous construct in which integration and disintegration mutually exclude and complement each other. This dichotomy is most evident in the definition of integration and disintegration through the prism of Europeanisation top-down and bottom-up processes that generate, reveal, visualize, stimulate integration mechanisms what allows to diagnose their determinants.

Наследие популяров в политике Августа (по Res Gestae Divi Augusti)

2017 ◽  
pp. 226-291
Author(s):  
O.V. Liubimova
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Public Building ◽  
The Public ◽  
Roman People

On the basis of The Deeds of Divine Augustus or Res Gestae Divi Augusti (RGDA), the author analyses the significance of the legacy of populares, one of the main political movements in the Late Republic, in the politics of Emperor Augustus. The main features of this political movement, in the opinion of modern researchers, were their demagogic political style, their assertion of the sovereignty of Roman people and their protection of economic interests of the lower classes. In the RGDA there is no mention of the odious political methods of the populares that entailed conflicts and unrest but the text significantly dwells on the tribunician power granted to Augustus. In the Late Republic the tribunician power served as the basis of the populares political method. The ideology reflected in the RGDA entrusts the Roman people with an important role in the public administration and describes the Roman people as a fullfledged partner of the Senate, however it lacks the populares contraposition of the Roman people to the Senate (or to the oligarchy controlling the Senate). The populares legacy is particularly apparent in the RGDA chapters describing Augustus expenses in favor of the Roman people such as the organisation of various social measures, shows and public building. Augustus inherited from the populares of the Late Republic the idea of Roman plebs as a source of political power and of satisfaction of its interest as a mechanism of maintaining political stability, but discarded those of populares slogans and methods that had a conflict potential.На материале Деяний Божественного Августа (Res Gestae Divi Augusti) рассматривается вопрос о том, какое место занимало в политике Августа наследие популяров одного из двух основных политических течений Поздней республики. В качестве характерных черт этого движения исследователи выделяют демагогический политический стиль приверженность идеологии народного суверенитета защиту экономических интересов неимущих слоёв. В RGDA не упоминаются одиозные политические методы популяров, которые влекли за собой конфликты и беспорядки, но важное место занимает предоставленная Августу трибунская власть, которая в Республике служила основой популярского Modus Operandi. Идеология, выраженная в RGDA, отводит римскому народу важное место в управлении государством и представляет его равноправным партнёром сената однако в ней отсутствует характерное для популяров противопоставление народа сенату (или олигархии, контролирующей сенат). Наиболее очевидно наследие популяров в тех главах RGDA, где описываются расходы Августа в пользу римского народа: социальные мероприятия, организация зрелищ и строительство. Август заимствовал у позднереспубликанских популяров представление о том, что римский плебс может служить источником политической силы, и удовлетворение его интересов необходимо для поддержания политической стабильности, однако исключил из своего арсенала те политические лозунги и методы популяров, которые имели конфликтный потенциал.

O processo de formação da Ordem de Cristo e a conjuntura dos reinos Ibéricos (c. 1250-1326)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Fabiano Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Modus Operandi

A Ordem de Cristo é um tópico frequentemente abordado nos estudos sobre a Idade Média portuguesa. Nas narrativas correntes a Ordem de Cristo está associada simultaneamente ao triunfo do poder real e a formação do Império. Contudo, por se considerar bem conhecido um determinado momento de seu processo histórico, as hesitações, descontinuidades e dificuldades de estruturação são comumente tratadas como algo residual. Em certa medida, a análise da formação da Ordem de Cristo em suas primeiras décadas segue uma narrativa teleológica que pretendemos questionar neste artigo. Tentaremos articular no decorrer do texto o processo de enquadramento de memória que legitimou a criação da nova Ordem com o processo que definiu o modus operandi nas monarquias Ibéricas, sobretudo a partir de meados do século XIII.

POLÍTICA MACROPRUDENCIAL: UMA LEITURA KEYNESIANA

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (63) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Chagas Goudard ◽  
Fábio Henrique Bittes Terra
Keyword(s):  
Modus Operandi ◽  
De Se

A crise econômica internacional trouxe à tona o debate acerca da necessidade de novos instrumentos de política econômica. Nesse particular, foram buscadas novas formas de se evitar os desequilíbrios financeiros que, em inflexões cíclicas repentinas, causam consequências no lado real da economia. Assim, deu-se enfoque à chamada política macroprudencial que, embora as primeiras alusões a ela sejam de meados da década de 1970, foi apenas recentemente trazida à ordem do dia. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma leitura keynesiana da política macroprudencial. O argumento subjacente é o de que a referida política pode ser apreendida como essencialmente keynesiana, pois lida com o caráter instável do sistema econômico e com o risco sistêmico endógeno. Além disso, as macroprudenciais se coadunam com o modus operandi das políticas econômicas keynesianas. As discussões e o desenvolvimento da literatura relativa ao tema têm ocorrido sob bases pragmáticas que não se relacionam imediatamente às escolas ortodoxas ou heterodoxas da ciência econômica. Logo, embora a literatura sobre as macroprudenciais, em termos de objetivos, instrumentos e canais de transmissão, já esteja avançada, há ainda a necessidade de um debate teórico a substanciar a utilização dessa política.

The Arthur Crawford Scandal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Metelits
Keyword(s):  
Retirement Age ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Government Service ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
High Court ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Receive

The Arthur Crawford Scandal explores how nineteenth century Bombay tried a British official for corruption. The presidency government persuaded Indians, government officials, to testify against the very person who controlled their career by offering immunity from legal action and career punishment. A criminal conviction of Crawford’s henchman established the modus operandi of a bribery network. Subsequent efforts to intimidate Indian witnesses led to litigation at the high court level, resulting in a political pressure campaign in London based on biased press reports from India. These reports evoked questions in the House of Commons; questions became demands that Indians witnesses against Crawford be fired from government service. The secretary of state for India and the Bombay government negotiated about the fate of the Indian witnesses. At first, the secretary of state accepted the Bombay government’s proposals. But the press campaign against the Indian witnesses eventually led him to order the Government of India, in consultation with the Government of Bombay, to pass a law ordering those officials who paid Crawford willingly, to be fired. Those whom the Bombay government determined to be extorted were not to be fired. Both groups retained immunity from further actions at law. Thus, Bombay won a victory that almost saved its original guarantee of immunity: those who were fired were to receive their salary (along with periodic step increases) until they reached retirement age, at which time they would receive a pension. However, this ‘solution’ did little to overcome the stigma and suffering of the fired officials.

scholarly journals Illegal dogfighting: sport or crime?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Siegel ◽  
Daan van Uhm
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Illegal Market ◽  
Dog Fighting ◽  
Online Methods

AbstractIn recent years there is increasing public attention for dog fighting in Europe. This article focuses on this phenomenon in the Netherlands: its organisation, various actors, modus operandi and possible involvement of organized crime. This qualitative research is based on semi-structured interviews, analysis of police files, observations and online methods. As the result of criminalisation, dogfighting in the Netherlands went underground, creating an illegal market and a sub-culture of dogmen and dogwomen involved. Reputation, status and trust are among the most prominent features of this sub-culture, which is manifested in their analysed communications.

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