scholarly journals Improving the methodology for creating economic and institutional mechanisms for improving the level of urban areas

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Elena Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Green Zone ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The City

The purpose of the research is to study the renewal of the spatial and territorial environment of a city using the example of Barnaul. The key point of urbanized urban space is the concept of greening, since it is the most important component of the sphere of housing and communal services. The objectives of the urban greening system are to create healthy, appropriate and favorable living conditions for the urban population, so the conceptual methodology will serve to calculate greening standards and the system of criteria for selecting green spaces. The comparative analysis of expert opinions on this relevant issue and the study of the cases of other Russian cities enable the co-authors to devise a method for calculating greening standards. Measures to improve the landscaping system in cities can be developed through the analysis of the current situation in the main sub-sectors of landscaping. In the future, this will allow us to design an "efficient" and, most importantly, socially-oriented urban space.The issues of creating, preserving and improving the quality of green areas are relevant not only for the municipality, or the city of Barnaul, but also for each urban settlement of the Russian Federation. Intensified activities, abundant information, and a high pace of urban life lead to constant overstrain among city residents. In this regard, the presence of a well-groomed urban forest, landscaped parks, and ennobled river banks is of great importance. Currently, their condition is of concern to urban residents and there is a need to clean garbage, reconstruct the green zone, create reservoirs, make new alleys, restore fountains, clean the banks of urban rivers.

scholarly journals A topofilia dos cidadãos para com o patrimônio natural urbano: O caso da cidade de Coimbra

GeoTextos ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Salles Maria de Macedo Rego ◽  
João Luis Jesus Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Argument ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Quality Of Urban Life ◽  
The City

O trabalho em questão analisa, segundo o prisma da Geografia, a importância do patrimônio natural em ambiente urbano. Como objetivo principal, pretende compreender a percepção que os residentes na cidade de Coimbra (Portugal) têm da natureza e do papel que o património natural pode desempenhar na qualidade de vida da cidade. Para alcançar esses objetivos, inicia-se o texto com uma reflexão teórica que percorre conceitos como a topofilia e os olhares sociais sobre o ambiente e a natureza em contexto citadino. Depois, seguem-se dois procedimentos diferentes, mas complementares: (1) Como forma de registro da presença e do estado de conservação da natureza em Coimbra e da interação entre os cidadãos e o patrimônio natural naquele espaço geográfico, fez-se uma análise de campo com a montagem de um banco de dados fotográficos que representam excertos deste território; (2) Inquéritos por meio de entrevistas, em dois bairros da cidade – Vale das Flores e Monte Formoso – privilegiando adultos com idades superiores aos 30 anos. Apesar de a pesquisa ter revelado algumas contradições entre a prática e o discurso na percepção e na relação topofílica para com as áreas verdes urbanas, concluiu-se que a presença do patrimônio natural no ambiente urbano ainda se apresenta como uma questão secundária. Contudo, também se verificou que, para reforço desta relação simbólica e/ou funcional, o patrimônio natural deve estar presente em todo o contínuo urbano e não ficar restrito aos bairros mais elitizados ou aos parques. Abstract THE CITIZENS TOPOPHILIA AND THE NATURAL URBAN PATRIMONY: COIMBRA’S CASE STUDY This paper analyzes the importance of natural patrimony in the urban environment, under the prism of geography. The main objective of this study is to understand how nature is perceived in the city of Coimbra (Portugal) and the role that green areas and natural patrimony has in the quality of urban life. To achieve these objectives, this article discusses the conceptual argument about environmental perception, topophilia and the nature in the city. For this, it was used two different procedures: (1) Field analysis on the city of Coimbra with purpose to setting up a photographic database, to verify the presence, conservation and relationship to the natural patrimony inserted in urban environment; (2) Investigation through interviews in two neighborhoods of the city – Vale das Flores and Monte Formoso. The data revealed that the perception and the topophilic relationship to urban green areas are marked by the contradiction between practice and discourse. It was concluded that the presence of natural patrimony in the urban environment still present itself as a secondary issue. Moreover, it was concluded that to strengthen this relationship symbolically and/or functionally the natural patrimony must be present throughout all the continuous urban areas and should not be restricted to elite neighborhoods or parks.

scholarly journals Analysis of lawn state for polyfunctional purposes on the territory of Brovary

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
V.O. Chamara ◽  
◽  
O. Yu. Strashok ◽  
O.V. Kolesnichenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
The State ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
The City ◽  
Functional Purpose

Today, there is such a significant anthropogenic impact on nature all over the world that natural compensatory processes can not to deal with its harmful effects, especially in urban areas. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the current issues of urboecology and urban greening. Lawn is a multifunctional plant formation, an integral elements of urban landscapes, the basis of compositional solutions for urban greening and the main buffer element in the city. The lawn is the most important element of landscaping in any type of greenery, which plays a sanitary role. The analysis of the state of multifunctional lawns in cities and the development its ecological and biological standards for creating stable sward in urban areas is relevant. The authors present the results of the assessment of decorative effect and quality of the structure of lawn coverings for different functional purpose in the city Brovary. We chose on the territory of Brovary different lawns for multifunctional purpose: park “Peremoha”, park named after T.G. Shevchenko, park “Sosnovyi”, cemetery “Stare”, school territory № 9, boulevard “Nezalezhnosti”, stadium “Spartak”, stadium near school № 7, stadium of Brovary Higher School of Physical Culture. Determination of turf grass and weed vegetation we carried out in accordance with the “Determinant of higher plants of Ukraine” (1987). The actual weed-infested determined by the survey method and evaluated in points. For the Latin names of plants, we use The Plant List. The assessment of lawn decorative effect (general decorativeness) carried out with the 5-point scale (Laptev, 1983). We analyzed the quality of the structure of the lawn culture phytocenosis with 6-point scale of Laptev, which consists from the number of units of shoots per area of 100 cm2. Thus, we can group the experimental lawn coverings by qualitative characteristics of the state, where 5 objects from 9 experimental (park “Sosnovyi”, cemetery “Stare”, school territory № 9, boulevard “Nezalezhnosti”, stadium of Brovary Higher School of Physical Culture) evaluated in the lowest indicators and need a complete renovation. On the territory of the cemetery “Stare” lawn we found the largest number of weed species and we noted such species as: Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber ex FH Wigg., Plantago major L., Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Capsella bursa-pastoris L. Medik., Elytrigia repens L. (Nevski), Poa annua L., Chenopodium album L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á.Löve. Indicators of the general decorativeness of lawns in the park “Peremoha” and the stadium near the school № 7 were the same, but the results of quality analysis of the structure of lawn indicate low shoot-forming ability of turf grasses, which is essential indicator for sport lawns for formation of a resistant turf to various types of loading. The lawns on the territory of park “Peremoha”, stadium “Spartak” and stadium near school № 7 characterized by good and mediocre quality of sward and require such agronomic operations as aeration, grounding and fertilization. Sport lawns in the city Brovary characterized by high indicators of weed-infested (3 points) that in turn influences both on decorative effect and complex estimation indicators of a lawn covering. It should also be noted that the frequency of fertilization for sports lawns is higher than for other types. The research results show that the lawn on the territory boulevard “Nezalezhnosti” estimated in 3 points by general decorativeness, because the projective cover was mosaic-group (Laptev, 1983) and 2 points – the quality of the structure of the lawn. In our opinion, such low rates are probably caused by anthropogenic load, as the research object located right next to the highway, but studies of this nature need to be continued. According to the results, it is established that the condition of the lawns in Brovary for different functional purpose differs greatly in quality indicators (Laptev, 1983): sports – mediocre condition, decorative – satisfactory (except for the park “Sosnovyi”), special purpose – unsatisfactory condition. The authors propose agro-technical operations to improve the quality and decorative effect of lawns in the city. However, areas of lawn coverings with "bad" grass quality indicators require restoration.

scholarly journals Description Relationship between Urban Space and Quality of Urban Life. A Geographical Approach

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1337
Author(s):  
František Petrovič ◽  
František Murgaš
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Concrete Form ◽  
Quality Of Urban Life ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The examination of the relationship between the construct of urban space and the construct of the quality of urban life is based on the knowledge that their common element is real physical space, i.e., the place. If the examination of the relationship between the two constructs is to be meaningful, then both must be on the same comparative basis—that means quality. The paper consists of two parts—the first part, which is theoretical, takes the form of conceptualization of urban space and the quality of urban life, including the identification of elements which affect them. The result of conceptualizing urban space into a qualitative form is liveability. The result of conceptualizing the quality of urban life is a holistic quality of life in the city, containing two domains—subjective and objective. The second part of the paper is the application of both constructs in a concrete form, based on measuring the values of these indicators and also the analysis of the results. The measurement takes the form of liveability on the one hand and of satisfaction with the place and/or satisfaction with the quality of urban life on the other hand.

scholarly journals PLANNING OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (164) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
O. Bezlyubchenko ◽  
T. Apatenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The City

The work is devoted to the consideration of the concepts of the spatial development of the cities of Ukraine taking into account today's specifics of the formation of institutes of their management. The issues discussed in this article are relevant to almost any city in modern Ukraine at the stage of transition of the country from industrial to post-industrial type. Among the most pressing issues are the rational use of territorial resources and environmental security within urban systems. There is also a trend of uneven economic development in urban areas. The solution to this problem is the balanced development of urban space with a diversified economy and infrastructure, as well as high quality of life. The formation of multifunctional urban areas will ensure sustainable spatial development of the city and significantly affect the quality of life. Identifying areas within the city that are inefficiently used and have additional development potential will provide an important resource, which, unlike remote areas, is already provided with transport and engineering infrastructure. Efficient use of territorial resources will allow the formation of a rational compact planning structure of the city. The housing of high quality should be provided with the necessary social and transport infrastructure, be diverse, medium, and multi-story. Comfortable stay of citizens in public spaces involves the integration of public spaces into the cultural life of the city based on the expansion of existing and introduction of new functional content, including the implementation of commercial initiatives and their use in organizing important socio-cultural projects. A comfortable stay in the city largely depends on the architectural appearance of its historic and modern buildings. Existing buildings create the front line of streets, form the environment of public spaces, define the line of the city silhouette. Filling the existing recreational areas included in the system of public spaces with new meanings to citizens.

scholarly journals Kentsel Açık Mekân Olarak Meydanların Yaşam Kalitesine Etkileri: Trabzon Örneği / The Effects of the Places as Urban Open Spaces on the Quality of Life: The Case of Trabzon

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Elif Bayramoğlu ◽  
Nazlı Mine Yurdakul
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Square Functions ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The rate of technological improvements, scientific activities and post-urbanization has increased rapidly, which has affected urban users. By creating an integral part of the city's environment, the use of active green areas enables the community to realize all sorts of social activities. City users prefer open public spaces in urban squares to perform recreational activities (relaxation, rest, eating and having a good time). Urban areas, which are mostly used by the users during the urbanization period, are the squares and the connected roads. The streets providing the plazas and transportation are the cultural heritage bearers of urban life as well as the memories that a city has accumulated over the years. The squares also have the effect of creating an image of the city reflecting its identity. As part of life in urban squares and streets, people are engaged in activities both physically and socially. However, these areas are occupied with heavy traffic and surrounded by the buildings at the point we are nowadays. For this reason, contemporary cities have begun to face contradictions as unidentified and unqualified compared to past cities. In this study, the city square and the connected Gazipaşa Street, Uzun Sokak, Maraş Street, which are described as the Trabzon Ataturk Field, were discussed in terms of square images, square functions, square functions and spatial structures. In this sense, the effects of the squares that differ from social, cultural and economical in terms of urban life, design and planning criteria have been evaluated. Observations and evaluations were carried out in the study. In this context, the quality of life of users has been evaluated and recommendations have been developed.</p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Teknolojik gelişmelerle bilimsel etkinlikler sonucu kentleşme oranı hızla artmış, bu durum kent kullanıcılarını etkilemiştir. Kent çevresiyle bir bütün oluşturarak aktif yeşil alan kullanımları ile toplumun her türlü sosyal aktiviteyi gerçekleştirebileceği olanaklara imkân sağlar. Kent kullanıcıları ise rekreatif (rahatlama, dinlenme, yemek yeme ve hoş vakit geçirme) etkinlikleri gerçekleştirmek için kent meydanlarındaki açık kamusal mekanları tercih ederler. Kentleşme süresi içerisinde kullanıcıların en yoğun kullandıkları kentsel alanlar meydanlar ve bağlantılı olan caddelerdir. Meydanlar ve ulaşımı sağlayan sokaklar bir kentin yıllar boyunca içinde biriktirdiği anıları ile kentsel yaşam noktası niteliğindeki kültürel bir miras taşıyıcılarıdır. Meydanlar aynı zamanda kimliğini yansıtarak kente imaj yaratma etkisi de vardır. Kent meydanları ve sokaklarda yaşamın bir parçası olarak insanlar fiziksel ve sosyal açıdan etkinliklerde bulunurlar. Ancak günümüzde geldiğimiz noktada bu alanlar yoğun trafik ile işgal edilerek binalarla kuşatılmıştır. Bu nedenle geçmiş kentlerine oranla günümüz kentleri kimliksiz ve niteliksiz olarak karşımıza çıkmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada Trabzon Atatürk Alanı olarak nitelendirilen kent meydanı ve bağlantılı Gazipaşa Caddesi, Uzun Sokak, Maraş Caddesi’nde yapılar, meydan imgeleri, meydan işlev-fonksiyonları ve mekansal yapıları bakımından ele alınmıştır. Bu anlamda sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik açıdan farklılık gösteren meydanların kent yaşamına olan etkileri, tasarım ve planlama kriterleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada gözlemler ve değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda kullanıcıların yaşam kaliteleri değerlendirilerek öneriler geliştirilmiştir.</p>

scholarly journals The contemporary importance of the Old Canal area for the centre of Bydgoszcz and its influence on the city’s cultural landscape

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Iga Grześkow
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Canal Area ◽  
The City

European cities are centuries-old connections of social and cultural interrelations in which the history and heritage of generations have formed a specific model of collective life and culture. The nature, prestige and signs of urban life in these cities are best indicated by their public spaces and their structure and inclusion in the urban tissue. Being presentable areas as well as places of social intercourse and activity, public spaces form multipurpose areas which establishe the city’s cultural landscape. Simultaneously, the game for urban areas in the city and related economic interests, and market all activities promoting the city's image and interfering with the city’s structure, pose a threat to the sensible development of the most valuable parts of the urban space. Globalisation processes contribute to the unification and standardisation of any forms of life, including space. The need for maintaining the continuity of urban tissue requires that its historical traces be cultivated. In this context, the contemporary role of the Old Canal area for downtown Bydgoszcz and its influence on the development of the city’s cultural landscape are part of the current strategies for the cultureforming regeneration of urban space.

scholarly journals Entre a racionalidade técnica e o direito à cidade: caminhando em trilhas tortuosas

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
De Se ◽  
Technical Rationality ◽  
Simple Action ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

O espaço urbano, marcado por um histórico processo de produção desigual, materializa-se em cidades cindidas socialmente, fragmentadas em sua estrutura, ambientalmente insustentáveis e que proporcionam uma qualidade de vida muito aquém do que poderiam. Se, por um lado, são notórios os problemas urbanos, com consequente redução do direito à cidade, por outro lado vemos a cidade se tornar cada vez mais complexa e a tecno-ciência se expandindo, ganhando capilaridade e adentrado nas ações mais simples da vida urbana. Considerando estes dois elementos chaves para o debate sobre a vida urbana, busca-se com este artigo estabelecer reflexões em torno do inexorável avanço técnico nas cidades e suas relações com o direto à cidade. A partir de referenciais bibliográficos que permitem articular os dois temas propostos, considera-se que o avanço tecnológico, em que pese o controle que pode estabelecer sobre o cotidiano nas cidades, guarda a potencialidade de se tornar importante ferramenta para ações que fortaleçam o direito à cidade.Palavras-Chave: Direito à Cidade; Racionalidade Técnica; Planejamento Urbano; Espaço Urbano.The urban space, written by a historical process of unequal production, materialize social demerged cities, fragmented structure, unsustainable and promotes the quality of life below it could does. If one way, the urban problems are notorious and it results to atrophy of right to the city, on another way, the cities became more complex and the techno-science expands on the cities and reach to more simple action in the daily urban life. Considering these two fundamental points, this paper establishes thoughts about the inexorable technical process on the cities and its relation with the right to the city. From the bibliographic references, which make possible articulate these two themes, the paper consider that the technological advances, despite the problems about control of the citizen’s daily life, is an important tools and has the potentiality of aid to right to the city realized.Key Words: Right to the City; technical rationality; Urban Planning; Urban Space.

scholarly journals Changes in Water Quality of the River das Antas as It Passes through Rural and Urban Areas

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Valdemir Antoneli ◽  
Manuel Pulido-Fernández ◽  
João Anésio Bednarz ◽  
Leonardo Brandes ◽  
Michael Vrahnakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
The City

The catchment area of River das Antas (Irati, Paraná, Brazil) is of high importance both for human consumption and irrigation. Within Irati, this river passes through a rural area and through the city of Irati, crossing both poor and rich neighbourhoods. We selected three study areas downstream (a rural area, poor community, and rich neighbourhood) in which we measured turbidity, the concentration of sediments and pH during rainy days. Our results showed downstream trends of increasing turbidity and concentrations of sediments with decreasing pH. The values of turbidity and of concentration of sediments were significantly different in the rural area, while the pH values were significantly different between the three study areas. These findings highlight the effect of agricultural activities in the generation of sediments and turbidity. The—presumably expected—effects of organic urban waste from the poor neighbourhood were also detected in the pH values. We conclude that efforts should be made to ensure that land planning and training/education programmes on sustainable farming practices are undertaken by the authorities to reduce water pollution and its effects on water bodies during rainfall events, since paving streets is not a feasible option in the short term due to the high costs associated with this measure.

scholarly journals Contribution of Local and Transboundary Air Pollution to the Urban Air Quality of Fukuoka, Japan

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Ayako Yoshino ◽  
Akinori Takami ◽  
Keiichiro Hara ◽  
Chiharu Nishita-Hara ◽  
Masahiko Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Gaseous Species ◽  
Transboundary Air Pollution ◽  
Local Air Pollution ◽  
The City

Transboundary air pollution (TAP) and local air pollution (LAP) influence the air quality of urban areas. Fukuoka, located on the west side of Japan and affected by TAP from the Asian continent, is a unique example for understanding the contribution of LAP and TAP. Gaseous species and particulate matter (PM) were measured for approximately three weeks in Fukuoka in the winter of 2018. We classified two distinctive periods, LAP and TAP, based on wind speed. The classification was supported by variations in the concentration of gaseous species and by backward trajectories. Most air pollutants, including NOx and PM, were high in the LAP period and low in the TAP period. However, ozone was the exception. Therefore, our findings suggest that reducing local emissions is necessary. Ozone was higher in the TAP period, and the variation in ozone concentration was relatively small, indicating that ozone was produced outside of the city and transported to Fukuoka. Thus, air pollutants must also be reduced at a regional scale, including in China.

scholarly journals Building The Tree Inventory Application for City of East Jakarta

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Sulistyantara ◽  
Imawan W. Hidayat ◽  
A. Nasirudin Taher ◽  
Hendrawan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Fundamental Function ◽  
Tree Inventory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Trees are essential elements of an urban space. The presence of trees in urban areas is not only appreciated as physical attribute, but beyond this, it serves a fundamental function in balancing and conserving urban ecosystem. Especially in tropical countries like Indonesia which receive high levels of solar radiation, trees contribute to the protection of urban areas from the impact of excessive micro-climatic conditions. But, the presence of trees sometimes resulted in the accidents for the residences because of broken branches and human injuries. This situation leads the city to prepare a tree inventory system, which is beneficial in giving the information about tree conditions and thus the information that would be useful for tree maintenance activities. The tree inventory on application for the city of East Jakarta was built for this purpose, comprising a tree inventory and easy access to the database. The application connects the database source with the GIS map, so that the users could retrieve information for each kind of data.

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