scholarly journals Project employee as a new type of personality

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-414
Author(s):  
S. A. Barkov ◽  
E. E. Romantseva
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Life Project ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Type ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Individual Self

Changes in the ways and forms of joint activity are usually evolutionarily: society changes and begins to produce people capable of reproducing it. First of all, these are changes in the social role of the worker, which is performed today in a completely different coordinate system, under uncertainty and constantly changing rules of the game. There are the following new trends in the labor market: the disappearance of mass employment and development of precarious employment, the replacement of traditional labor relations with contractual ones, an increase in the workers autonomy, and the transformation of preferences in the field of career building. At the same time, the role and demand for project activities in almost all areas of society are increasing for such activities can satisfy the needs of the contemporary person, including his interaction with other people. The project is not just a mechanism for achieving a specific goal, but a universal way of organizing the life world, which contributes to the emergence of special types of social interaction and individual self-realization. The project way of life, project thinking, and project perception of reality are developing. The project as a social phenomenon becomes an organizing principle not only in professional activity, but also in everyday life. The authors use the method of sociological typification which consists of identifying a type (ideal, social) that combines the most important characteristics of people belonging to a particular group. To explain the combination of these characteristics, the authors consider the social context of their development. The conducted analysis allows to identify a new social type - the project worker with a special combination of professional and personal qualities.

Causes of disease and causes of death

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. CODELL CARTER
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Parallel Change ◽  
The Social ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Apparent Reason ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Causes Of Deaths ◽  
Fixed System

In early-nineteenth-century medical literature, one finds an elegant symmetry between causes of disease and causes of death: both were sufficient causes of particular events. However, as I will argue, by the end of the century physicians no longer sought sufficient causes of individual disease episodes – instead almost all of medical research was organized around the quest for necessary causes that were shared by all the episodes of each particular disease. Such causes carried great practical and theoretical advantages: they enabled physicians to control and to explain disease phenomena.One might wonder why there has been no parallel change in our thinking about causes of death; to this very day, causes of death are sufficient causes of particular events. In principle there is no apparent reason why we could not identify necessary causes for classes of deaths – indeed, we sometimes do so. But, in the case of death, such causes hold little interest. Because of how they are used, sufficient causes for individual deaths are more interesting and more important to us than are necessary causes of deaths. Thus, the change in thinking about causes of disease – the change that destroyed the symmetry between causes of disease and causes of death – may not reflect simply progress within a fixed system of medical goals and values, but a profound change in the social role of physicians.

scholarly journals PEDAGOGICAL REFLECTION AS A METHOD OF PROFESSIONALLY-ORIENTED FORMATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL COMPETENCE AT FUTURE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHER TRAINING

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Elena Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Language Teacher ◽  
The Social

The language policy focus on multilingualism and multicultural education necessitated to train a foreign language teacher who is able to teach students efficient cooperation in multilingual and multicultural environment. Young teachers face into difficulties when passing from the social role of a student to the social role of a teacher, so far as language training at university is to a greater extent subject-related rather than professionally-oriented. The main goal of the paper is to view vocational training peculiarities of future foreign language teachers from the perspective of socio-cultural approach. The article presents professionally-oriented ways of socio-cultural competence formation of a future teacher at a practical foreign language lesson. The author proves that the decisive condition to ensure the professional direction of socio-cultural competence formation is pedagogical reflection, which makes it possible to get students involved in the reflective development of the inner space of their future professional activity. The proposed system of tasks is aimed to involve students in the reflective analysis of their own strategies how to learn a foreign culture, their functional role in the process of education and, on the other hand, to make sense of the teacher’s performance and the professional relevance of the educational process. As the way of evidence of the proposed tasks efficiency, the observation   results on students at teaching practice and school teachers’ survey data are given. 

scholarly journals MOVIMENTOS CONTRA-HEGEMÔNICOS: o papel da mulher na agricultura campesina

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Aline Cristina Nascimento ◽  
Rosimary Gomes Rocha ◽  
Marcelo Rodrigues Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Mouvements Sociaux ◽  
The Social ◽  
Milieu Rural ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Women

COUNTER-HEGEMONONIC MOVEMENTS: the social role of women in peasant agricultureMOUVEMENTS CONTRE-HÉGEMONIQUES: le rôle des femmes dans l'agriculture paysanneO artigo pretende destacar, em primeiro lugar, o conceito e as características do campesinato brasileiro, bem como identificar esse campesinato como uma força contra-hegemônica de resistência ao capital no campo, a partir da noção de globalização contra-hegemônica desenvolvida por Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Em segundo lugar, busca realizar um histórico da questão agrária brasileira e analisar a inserção da mulher nos movimentos sociais camponeses que se insurgiram historicamente contra a exploração e a opressão do modo de vida camponês. Por fim, procura ressaltar a relevância do papel da mulher nos processos de resistência no campo e destacar, assim, sua luta pela reforma agrária, pela viabilização de políticas públicas para a agricultura que garantam a permanência no campo, a produção de alimentos saudáveis e a construção de um Projeto Popular de Agricultura Camponesa.Palavras-chave: Campesinato Brasileiro; Movimentos Contra-hegemônicos; Questão Agrária; Mulher no Campo; Ecofeminismo.ABSTRACTThis article intends to highlight, firstly, the concept and characteristics of the Brazilian peasantry, as well as to identify this peasantry as a counter-hegemonic resistance against the capital in the field, from notions of counter-hegemonic globalization developed by Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Secondly, it seeks to make a history of the brazilian agrarian question and analyze the insertion of women into peasant social movements that have historically insurged against the exploitation and oppression of the peasant way of life. Finally, it seeks to emphasize the relevance of the role of women in the processes of resistance in the countryside and to highlight thus, their struggle for agrarian reform, the viability of public policies for agriculture that guarantee the permanence in the field, the production of healthy foods and construction of a Popular Peasant Agriculture Project.Keywords: Brazilian Peasantry; Counter-hegemonic Movements; Agrarian Question; Women in the Field; Ecofeminism.RÈSUMÈCet article a pour objectif de mettre en évidence dans un premier temps, le concept et les caractéristiques de la paysannerie brésilienne et de l’identifier comme une résistance contre-hégémonique de force au capital rural, utilisant la notion de mondialisation contre-hégémonique développée par Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Dans un second temps, de faire un exposé chronologique de la question agraire brésilienne et d’analyser l'insertion des femmes dans les mouvements sociaux paysans qui se sont rebellés historiquement contre l'exploitation et de l'oppression du mode de vie paysan. Enfin, il cherche à montrer le rôle important des femmes dans les processus de résistance mettant en évidence leur lutte pour la réforme agraire par l’insertion de politiques publiques pour l'agriculture qui garantissent la permanence dans le milieu rural, la production d'aliments sains et la construction d'un projet populaire d’agriculture paysanne.Mots-clés: Paysannerie Brésilienne; Mouvements Contre-hégémoniques; Question Agraire; Femme du Milieu Rural; Eco Féminisme.

scholarly journals Women Offenders as a Social Phenomenon: Transformation and Deformation of Social Roles

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-185
Author(s):  
Elena Kranzeeva ◽  
Ksenia Sapegina
Keyword(s):  
Women Offenders ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Female Crime ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Type

The research featured women offenders as a social phenomenon associated with the social role of women. The study was based on the socio-role approach. The authors defined women's crime as an integral part of all crimes committed by women on a certain territory over a certain time period. The statistics of female crime in Russia and its regions came from the General Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation, the Chief Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Kemerovo Region, and the Territorial Authority of the Federal State Statistics Service. The authors also analyzed cases of fraud related to maternity capital funds. Firstly, female crime proved an integral part of crime in general; it has its own specifics and is directly related to the roles that women play in society. Secondly, women commit mostly profit-related crimes, e.g. theft or fraud, while murder proved more typical of men. Thirdly, maternity fund fraud appeared to be a relatively new type of crime. Apparently, its female character is associated with childbearing and maternal function. Swindlers see new opportunities in maternal funds, and a woman in distress can easily become an instrument of their criminal activity.

Automobility—A Social Problem and Theoretical Concept

10.1068/d222t ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Beckmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Almost All

In this paper, I explore automobility as the dominant type of contemporary everyday mobility. I critically review recent attempts to conceptualise the social role of cars and subsequently suggest a three-dimensional model to theorise automobility further as a modern mobility paradigm. This theory of automobility assigns central importance to the subjects, the vehicles, and the spatiotemporalities that are involved in, and produced by, the car-system. For the purpose of outlining the content and internal dependencies of this three-dimensional model, I make use of theoretical assumptions gleaned from transport geography, modernisation theory, as well as the sociology of technology. Furthermore, I argue that a somewhat orthodox form of automobilisation has become reflexive in the course of a growing public recognition of the inherent threats of the car to culture and nature. Under reflexive automobilisation almost all ‘auto-subjects’ are engaged in defining, interpreting, and responding to ‘auto-risks’. They do not necessarily do this, however, in a self-critical fashion. Instead of fostering the rise of a different, postautomotive mobility paradigm, their responses often merely lead to a reproduction of traditional ‘auto-scapes’.

scholarly journals The “Cultural Landscape” of Australia in Bush Ballads: Slim Dusty’s Aussie Sing Song

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kosecki
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
Popular Texts ◽  
Selection Of

The concept of the “cultural landscape” designates tangible and intangible elements of human activity, such as the natural environment, material culture, values, behaviours, and language (Taylor 2008, 6; Taylor and Lennon 2011, 538–540; Wierzbicka 1997, 201). These themes are all present in Australian bush ballads – a literary and folk genre that reflects the country’s unique heritage and way of life in simple artistic forms. Slim Dusty’s Aussie Sing Song (1962) – a representative selection of ballads – depicts Australia’s fauna and flora, the Aborigines, the beginnings of European settlement, the economy, the Great Outback, and the social role of drinking beer. The popular texts contain condensed and vivid images of the country’s culture.

Synergetic Theory of Document in Evolution of Document Science

2018 ◽  
pp. 1060-1068
Author(s):  
Galina A. Dvoenosova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Universal Theory ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Social Goal ◽  
The Social ◽  
Synergetic Theory ◽  
First Time

The article assesses synergetic theory of document as a new development in document science. In information society the social role of document grows, as information involves all members of society in the process of documentation. The transformation of document under the influence of modern information technologies increases its interest to representatives of different sciences. Interdisciplinary nature of document as an object of research leads to an ambiguous interpretation of its nature and social role. The article expresses and contends the author's views on this issue. In her opinion, social role of document is incidental to its being a main social tool regulating the life of civilized society. Thus, the study aims to create a scientific theory of document, explaining its nature and social role as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. Substantiation of this idea is based on application of synergetics (i.e., universal theory of self-organization) to scientific study of document. In the synergetic paradigm, social and historical development is seen as the change of phases of chaos and order, and document is considered a main tool that regulates social relations. Unlike other theories of document, synergetic theory studies document not as a carrier and means of information transfer, but as a unique social phenomenon and universal social tool. For the first time, the study of document steps out of traditional frameworks of office, archive, and library. The document is placed on the scales with society as a global social system with its functional subsystems of politics, economy, culture, and personality. For the first time, the methods of social sciences and modern sociological theories are applied to scientific study of document. This methodology provided a basis for theoretical vindication of nature and social role of document as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. The study frames a synergetic theory of document with methodological foundations and basic concepts, synergetic model of document, laws of development and effectiveness of document in the social continuum. At the present stage of development of science, it can be considered the highest form of theoretical knowledge of document and its scientific explanatory theory.

Coinage and the Tributary Mode of Production

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Manzano Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Role ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
Mode Of Production

This chapter addresses a very simple question: is it possible to frame coinage in the Early Middle Ages? The answer will be certainly yes, but will also acknowledge that we lack considerable amounts of relevant data potentially available through state-of-the-art methodologies. One problem is, though, that many times we do not really know the relevant questions we can pose on coins; another is that we still have not figured out the social role of coinage in the aftermath of the Roman Empire. This chapter shows a number of things that could only be known thanks to the analysis of coins. And as its title suggests it will also include some reflections on greed and generosity.

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