scholarly journals Qath'i dan Zhanni dalam Kewarisan Islam

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Dena Kurniasari ◽  
Nabila Rahma Roihani ◽  
Shafriyana Mawarni Nurjannah
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Economic Roles

AbstractQath'i and zhanni in Usul fiqh are useful to explain the source text of Islāmic law, both the Qur'an and the hadith in two ways, namely al-tsubut (existence) or al-wurud (coming of the truth of the source) and al-dalalah (interpretation). In the context of qath'i and zhanny al-wurud the scholars agree that al-Qur'an and muthatith hadith are qath’y.. But they differ in terms of qath'i and zhanni from al-dalalah's side. The ulama of ushul fiqh states that there are religious texts that only contain one clear meaning and cannot debate other interpretations, also contain certain numbers, so the text is considered as a qath'i al-dalalah text. While contemporary scholars argue that the concept of qath'i and zhanni While contemporary scholars argue that the concept of qath'i and zhanni al-dalalah both the Qur'an and Hadith cannot be seen from the meaning of lafaz alone but also on the desired essence of the lafaz. Thus, the result is that religious texts in the field of inheritance law are open to modern interpretations. Islāmic inheritance include in the Zhanni al-dalalah group because relates to human relations and socio-economic roles, also, historically the verses on inheritance contain the essential meaning of justice.AbstrakQath’i dan zhanni dalam Ushul fiqh digunakan untuk menjelaskan teks sumber hukum Islam, baik itu al-Qur’an maupun hadits dalam dua hal, yaitu al-tsubut (eksistensi) atau al-wurud (kedatangan kebenaran sumber) dan al-dalalah (interpretasi). Dalam konteks qath’i dan zhanny al-wurud para ulama sepakat bahwa al-Qur’an dan hadits mutawatir adalah qath’i Namun mereka berbeda pendapat dalam hal qath’i dan zhanny dari sisi al-dalalah. Ulama ushul fiqh menyatakan bahwa jika suatu teks keagamaan hanya mengandung satu makna yang jelas dan tidak bisa membuka kemungkinan interpretasi lain, serta menyebutkan bilangan tertentu, maka teks tersebut dianggap sebagai teks yang qath’i dari sisi al-dalalah. Sementara ulama kontemporer berpendapat bahwa konsep qath’i dan zhanni al-dalalah baik al-Qur’an maupun Hadits tidak bisa dilihat dari kejelasan makna lafaz saja tetapi juga pada esensi yang diinginkan dari lafaz tersebut. Dengan demikian konsekuensinya adalah teks-teks keagamaan di bidang hukum waris terbuka terhadap penafsiran modern. Kewarisan islam masuk dalam kategori zhanny al-dalalah karena kaitannya dengan  hubungan antar manusia dan peran sosial ekonomi, selain itu jika dilihat secara historisnya ayat-ayat mengenai kewarisan mengandung makna yang esensi yaitu keadilan.

PELAKSANAAN HUKUM KEWARISAN ISLAM DI PENGADILAN AGAMA BANTEN

ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Yusuf Somawinata
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Ideal

This article aims at describing the obseroance of wasiat wajibah (compulsory bequeathment) in the Islamic court of Banten, analyzing the provision of the substitute heir and adopted children in the Compilation of  Islamic Law (KHI). In addition, the ideal laws to manage the innheritance rules in Indonesia. This article is library research by using doctrinal approach and using case study and survey methods. The data was, then, analyzed by using analytical descriptive and analytical correlative methods. The result showed that the observance of wasiat wajibah in the Islamic court of  Banten employed by judges is by using the Mawali Hazairin’s Doctrine. The criteria of the adoption of substitute heir and adopted children in the KHI is the attempts of Ulama and many judgees junst in giving legal justice and certainty to the society.   Key Words: Islamic Inheritance Law, Compilation of Islamic Law, Islamic court of  Banten

Konsep dan Praktik Pelestarian Lingkungan dalam Hukum Islam

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evra Willya ◽  
Sabil Mokodenseho ◽  
Muh. Idris ◽  
Nasruddin Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
The Earth

In the Al Qur’an, Allah SWT describes the damages and destructions caused by human actions on land and sea. Therefore, humans are obliged to maintain and preserve their environment for future generations. This obligation aims at protecting their interests, due to the various beneficial sources of life attributed to humans existence on earth. In order to maintain the balance and harmony of human relations with nature, and to realize order and social well-being, Islamic Law upholds some basic principles of social activities, to guarantee an orderly, balanced, and harmonious life for the development and social movements life in a stable and orderly manner. Subsequently, environment pollution and damage to the earth are eradicated, thereby, restoring balance and harmony.

scholarly journals The Position of Women's Heritage Rights in the Context of Islamic Heritage in Indigenous Mandailing in Sipirok District, Tapanuli Selatan Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 531-539
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusuf Siregar ◽  
Risdalina Risdalina ◽  
Sriono Sriono
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Inheritance Laws

This study aims to analyze the legal aspects of the Position of Inheritance Rights of Girls in the Context of Islamic Inheritance in Indigenous Mandailing in Sipirok District, South Tapanuli Regency. This research is empirical normative namely research by looking at existing conditions in the field by linking the source of Islamic Law and the legal source of Regulations in force in the Republic of Indonesia. The benefits to be received from the results of this study are to determine the Position of Inheritance of Girls in the Context of Islamic Law and Regulations in Indonesia and the Position of Inheritance of Girls in the Context of Islamic Inheritance in Mandailing Customs in Sipirok District, South Tapanuli Regency, the results of the study stated that In Islamic Inheritance Law strongly recognizes the position of the daughter in receiving inheritance with a strong legal basis in accordance with the al-Qur’an. In Islamic Inheritance Laws, a daughter has a position as Nasabiyah's heir so that she has the right to receive inheritance. In the Mandailing customary inheritance law in Sipirok Mandailing Natal, the position of a daughter is considered as an heir when a male heir is found, but if the girl is a mere woman, the woman is not entitled to inheritance from her parents. The distribution of inheritance in the Mandailing Inheritance law in Sipirok Mandailing Natal uses local customary law, as a basis for the distribution of inheritance which is still being realized in the Community.

scholarly journals KAJIAN PERBANDINGAN DALAM PEMBAGIAN WARIS BERDASARKAN PADA HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM ADAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Hidayat ◽  
M. Gary Gagarin Akbar ◽  
Deny Guntara
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Hereditary System ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
The Subject

Abstrak Pemberlakuan aturan mengenai kewarisan di Indonesia selama ini terjadi perdebatan antara para ahli hukum tentang status hukum Islam dan hukum adat.Berkaitan dengan permasalahan dalam hukum waris pada hukum Islam dan hukum Adat, maka perlu adanya kesesuaian bagi masyarakat yang akan mempergunakan masing-masing hukum tersebut dalam menyelesaian warisannya kepada sang ahli waris yang berhak. Ketentuan hukum Islam di Indonesia belum merupakan undang-undang (kodifikasi) haruslah sistematis dan prosedural, harus jelas siapa subyek dan obyeknya dan diundangkan oleh lembaga yang berwenang dalam negara. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perbandingan dalam pembagian waris berdasarkan pada hukum islam dan hukum adat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan metode pendekatan yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian yaitu Hukum waris Islam telah menempatkan atauran kewarisan dan hukum mengenai harta benda dengan sebaik-baiknya dan seadil-adilnya. Islam menetapkan hak milik seseorang atas harta, baik bagi laki-laki maupun perempuan seperti perpindahan hak milik dan perempuan pada waktu masih hidup atau perpindahan harta kepada ahli warisnya setelah ia meninggal dunia. Hukum waris adat berpangkal dari bentuk masyarakat dan sifat kekeluargaan yang terdapat di Indonesia menurut sistem keturunan, dan setiap sistem keturunan yang ada mempunyai kekhususan dalam hukum waris yang satu dengan yang lain berbeda-beda. Kata Kunci:Waris, Hukum Islam, Hukum Adat Abstract The enactment of the rules regarding inheritance in Indonesia has been a debate between legal experts about the status of Islamic law and customary law. In connection with problems in inheritance law in Islamic law and Customary law, it is necessary for the community to use each of these laws in complete the inheritance to the rightful heirs. The provisions of Islamic law in Indonesia are not yet laws (codification) must be systematic and procedural, it must be clear who the subject and object are and are promulgated by the authorized institutions in the country. The formulation of the problem in this study is how comparisons in inheritance distribution are based on Islamic law and customary law. This research method uses qualitative methods with an empirical juridical approach method. The results of the research, namely Islamic inheritance law has placed the inheritance and law regarding property as well as possible and as fair as fair. Islam establishes someone's property rights, both for men and women, such as the transfer of property rights and women while still alive or the transfer of property to his heirs after he dies. The customary inheritance law stems from the form of the community and the family character found in Indonesia according to the hereditary system, and each of the offspring systems that have specific inheritance laws is different from one another Keyword: Inheritance, Islamic Law, Customary Law

scholarly journals Analisis Kedudukan Adat dalam Hukum Waris Islam dan Hindu Beserta Implikasinya

AL-HUKAMA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Zakiyatul Ulya
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Inheritance Law

Tradition/’urf is recognized by Islamic law as a legal basis with several conditions. While the use of tradition in the distribution of inheritance is not justified because it is contrary to the provisions of Islamic inheritance which are qat‘iyah al-dilalah and qat‘iyah al-wurud. The distribution based on tradition that can be done with the agreement of the heirs, after knowing their respective parts and no one is harmed, as in article 183 of KHI. Tradition in Hindu is recognized as a source of law, which becomes law and also applies as a law with conditions that are appropriate with atmavan. The position of tradition in inheritance law has been recognized and legalized its enforcement in an area, varna, company or village based on Sloka 40 parts 60 chapter 7, Artas#astra book. Both Islamic and Hindu laws create tradition as the basis for law enforcement. The use of tradition in the distribution of inheritance is not justified by Islam because of it contradicts with Syara’ argument. However, the distribution based on tradition can be done with the agreement of the heirs, according to article 183 of KHI. In contrast, Hindu law legalizes customary enforcement in an area, varna, company or village as inheritance law based on Sloka 40 parts 60 chapter 7, Artas#astra book.

scholarly journals Hukum Waris terhadap Anak Adopsi dalam Perspektif Islam

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
Muhammad Lutfi Syarifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Law System ◽  
Biological Parents ◽  
The Family

In practice, in Indonesia children adoption has become a public phenomenon in society and is part of the family law system because it involves individual interests in the family. In the case of adoption, parents need to pay attention to the best interests of the child and be implemented based on local customs, applicable laws and regulations, this has been regulated in Article 39 of the Child Protection Act. Adoption of children is divided into two types, namely adoption of children between Indonesian citizens (domestic adoption) and adoption of Indonesian citizens by foreign citizens (adoption between countries). Appointment of children must be done by legal process, through the establishment or decision of the Court. The research method is normative juridical research. Based on the research results, the inheritance Indonesian citizens rights in the Indonesian inheritance law case are implemented based on Islamic law, adopted children do not inherit from adoptive parents and remain the biological parents. Under customary law, the inheritance of adopted children depends on customary law in the area. By law adoption children do not inherit from adoptive parents, and adopted children remain the heirs of their biological parents.

scholarly journals Implications of Hazairin and Munawir Sjadzali Thoughts In Establishment of Islamic Inheritance In Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugiri Permana
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Male And Female

Inheritance law is one of islamic law that always dinamically follow the time. The history showed when abu bakr period, two years after the death of prophet, has renewed inheritance law. Indonesias became an important part of inheritace law. This development isnt regardless from the thinker and scholar in indonesia. Among scholar who have a great influence on inheritance law in indonesia are hazarin and munawir sjadzali. both of figures are famous for their controversy. Hazarin famous for the thought the equality of between grandchildren male and female. while sjadzali famous her thought the equality between man and women. hazarin tend to think that is still near to the nash alquran, while munawir to deviates from nash provisions. In its development, the development of hazarin was adopted by inherentance law in Indonesia. the compilation of islam law has decided the existence of substitute heird in which one of them comes from the thought on Hazarin who positioned equally between granddaughter and grandson.

scholarly journals Classification of Women in The Class Concept of Dowry: A Study of Berger and Luckmann's Social Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-182
Author(s):  
Ahmad Arif Masdar Hilmy ◽  
Ria Cahyaning Utami
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Social Construction Theory ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

The determination of the dowry in the marriage of the people of Karangsono Village was originally based on the rules of Islamic law, namely by using the principles of convenience, lightness, and simplicity. However, people's lives that are never stagnant make them always interact with each other, thus forming a new concept of dowry determination in the community. The purpose of this article is to determine the description and implementation of the concept of the dowry class in the community marriage of Karangsono Village and to review it using the perspective of the social construction theory. This field research used a qualitative descriptive method and data analysis used Berger and Luckmann's social construction theory. Data were collected through document study, interviews, and observations. This research resulted in conclusions: (1) The concept of the dowry class in the community marriage of Karangsono Village is based on the classification of the prospective bride, which is seen from the status of a virgin or widow, her beauty, and age. The higher the quality of the woman, the higher the dowry she can get, (2) The determination of the dowry in Karangsono Village has undergone a social construction based on three simultaneous processes. The externalization process is illustrated through adaptation to religious texts and life being experienced. The process of objectivation here gives birth to new meanings, which are manifested in the actions of the wider community so that they become objective facts. The process of internalization is illustrated by the affirmation in the consciousness experienced subjectively.(Penentuan mahar dalam perkawinan masyarakat Desa Karangsono mulanya didasarkan pada aturan hukum Islam, yakni dengan menggunakan asas kemudahan, keringanan dan kesederhanaan. Namun kehidupan masyarakat yang tidak pernah stagnan, membuat mereka selalu berinteraksi satu sama lain, Tujuan artikel ini ialah untuk mengetahui deskripsi dan implementasi konsep kelas mahar dalam perkawinan masyarakat Desa Karangsono, serta ditinjau menggunakan perspektif teori konstruksi sosial. Penelitian lapangan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis datanya menggunakan teori konstruksi sosial Berger dan Luckmann. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui studi dokumen, wawancara dan observasi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa kesimpulan: (1) Konsep kelas mahar dalam perkawinan masyarakat Desa Karangsono ialah berdasarkan klasifikasi yang dimiliki calon pengantin perempuan, yakni dilihat dari status perawan atau janda, paras kecantikan dan usianya. Semakin tinggi kualitas yang dimiliki perempuan, maka semakin tinggi pula mahar yang bisa didapatkannya, (2) Penentuan mahar di Desa Karangsono telah mengalami konstruksi sosial berdasarkan tiga proses simultan. Proses eksternalisasi tergambar melalui adaptasi dengan teks-teks keagamaan dan kehidupan yang sedang dialami. Proses objektivasi disini melahirkan pemaknaan baru, yang termanifestasikan ke dalam tindakan-tindakan masyarakat luas sehingga menjadi kenyataan objektif dan biasa dilakukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Proses internalisasi tergambar oleh penegasan dalam kesadaran yang dialami secara subjektif dan pentransferan akan pengetahuan tentang makna-makna objektif)

scholarly journals Problems of Islamic Law Compilation In Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Arip Purkon
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Religious Courts

Abstract.Islamic Law Compilation is one of the efforts to implement Islamic law in Indonesia constitutionally. Islamic Law Compilation covers three legal fields, namely marriage, inheritance and benefiction. The Islamic Law Compilation contributes positively in providing legal certainty, especially for judges in religious courts. In addition, there are still a number of problems related to the Islamic Law Compilation, namely the issue of socialization, equality of perception and the fear of reducing Islamic law.Keywords: Islamic Law Compilation, Marriage Law, Inheritance Law, Benefaction   Abstrak.Kompilasi Hukum Islam merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengimplementasikan hukum Islam di Indonesia secara konstitusional. Kompilasi Hukum Islam mencakup tiga bidang hukum, yaitu perkawinan, waris dan wakaf. Kompilasi Hukum Islam memberikan kontribusi yang positif dalam memberikan kepastian hukum, khususnya untuk para hakim di pengadilan agama. Selain itu, masih ada beberapa masalah terkait Kompilasi Hukum Islam, yaitu masalah sosialisasi, persamaan persepsi dan adanya kekhawatiran tereduksinya hukum Islam.Kata Kunci: Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Hukum Perkawinan, Hukum Waris, Wakaf

scholarly journals REPOSISI KEDUDUKAN SAUDARA DALAM HUKUM WARIS ISLAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Juandi Juandi
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sibling Position ◽  
Different Parts

Islamic inheritance law makes three categories of siblings with different parts. This difference shows that the position of siblings, siblings of one father and siblings of one mother is not the same. This is understood from the explanation of the different inheritance of the brother in the Qur'an, namely verse 12 and verse 176 surah an-Nisa '. This reading leaves a problem because in reality there is no significant importance in the distinction except the attempt to reconcile the two verses. By using a systematic reading of the theme of kalalah followed by the theory of the primary and secondary heirs, it is found that the difference in the brother's part as the heir is more to the difference of his position as the primary or secondary heir, not the difference as a sibling, siblings of one father and siblings of one mother. Therefore the repositioning of sibling position in Islamic law of inheritance should be applied.

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