scholarly journals To the Question How the “Iron Dogs” of the Batuids Broke down the “Golden Yurt” of Their “Masters”

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-75
Author(s):  
Moshe Grinberg ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Great Caution ◽  
Unique Information ◽  
History Of

Research objective: As the ruler of the Golden Horde from 1361 to 1362, Khidr became the first khan to represent the Shibanid dynasty, while all previous represen­tatives of this dynasty remained loyal to the Batuids until he came to power. This situation forms one of the key moments of the initial period of the “Great Troubles”. This article is devoted to the circumstances and consequences of the ascension and the short-term rule of this Khan in the Golden Horde. In addition, the goal here is to highlight the role and inte­rests of the high hereditary metropolitan and regional aristocracy in these events. Research materials: Since, as a result of the latest research, Chinggis-nama is recognized as a source that preserves historical facts, rather than merely folk elements as was previously thought, it is necessary to involve Ötemish Hajji’s work in covering those histo­rical events and processes where it contains a unique information regarding them. At the same time, because it is still difficult to distinguish between the factual and the mythological elements of its content, verification of Chinggis-nama’s information with information from other sources (as well as from archaeology, numismatics, and other auxiliary historical disciplines) is required when possible. So, the main source used in the article is the historical Chinggis-nama of Ötemish Hajji. Additional sources are Russian chronicles, Tawarikh-i guzida-i Nusrat-nama, Muntakhab al-tawarikh-i Muini by Muin al-Din Natanzi, a Venetian source by Benedetto Bianco which was very recently introduced into scholarly circulation, and others. Results and novelty of the research: This article is one of the first studies, using the account of Ötemish Hajji as a main historical source for analysing and reconstructing a real historical event (namely, the seizure of power by the Shibanids in the Golden Horde in 1360) and its consequences. It is proposed to continue to involve this source in the study of historical events, but with great caution. Regarding the stated topic, the author of the present article dares to hope that the results of such work bring new and significant contribution to the research of this rather poorly studied period in the history of the Ulus of Jochi. Especially, the results help to reveal and emphasize the causes and circumstances that led the Golden Horde into a period of great turmoil, i.e., the “Great Troubles”.

scholarly journals Hungarian Dialectology. From the Beginnings until the Division of Hungary (1920)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-154
Author(s):  
Csaba Attila Both
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Carpathian Basin ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Research History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Different Parts

AbstractDialect islands in Hungarian dialectology have been a marginalized segment of research. Although the very first observations on different Hungarian dialects appeared in the 17th century, a systematic and detailed monographic description of Hungarian dialect islands in the Carpathian Basin has not been published yet. As we can conclude, several important historical events happened, institutions and researchers emerged. All of them had a significant impact on this research area, and based on their emergence the research history of Hungarian dialect islands can be divided into different periods. With regard to the research history of Hungarian dialect islands in Romania, a research was conducted in 2019. The results showed that the research history of these islands cannot be understood without an adequate global image of the history of the Hungarian dialectology. Thus, the present article gives a general historical overview of the research on Hungarian dialects from the beginnings up until 1920, when, following the Treaty of Trianon, the Hungarian nation was divided into five different parts.

scholarly journals Naked eye: memoirs and diaries as a historical source material for studying the history of Belarusian press in the Second Polish Republic.

2020 ◽  
pp. 435-444
Author(s):  
Nadzeya Sluka
Keyword(s):  
Source Material ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Unique Information ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
National Movement ◽  
History Of

The article deals with the particular kind of documentary sources for the history of the Belarusians in the Second Polish Republic – memoirs and diaries. The memoirs of Liudvika Vojcik, Janka Bagdanowič, Marjan Pieciukievič, and also the diaries of Maksim Tank and Piotr Siaŭruk are reviewed. The article concludes that personal writings provide unique information about the Belarusian national movement and the Belarusian press that can be applied in further historical research.  

scholarly journals The little known version about conquest of Siberia by Ermak in the works of European of the end 17th–18th centuries in the Russian publications

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Borisenko ◽  
Yu. S. Khudyakov
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Ural Mountains ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Northern Asia ◽  
River Region ◽  
History Of

Purpose. It is analyzed in the article the historical data about campaign of the Cossack troop commanded by ataman Yermak into Siberia and about initial period of annexation of Western Siberian lands to the Czardom of Moscovy. They are contained in the works of the European authors, who wrote their essays in the second half of the 17–18th century. It is recognized by many explorers, that major, the most reliable and informative source, where it is described the events of military campaign of the Russian Cossacks’ troop into Siberia, are the Russian «Siberian Chronicles». However, before those storytelling sources were studied and used by Gerhard Friedrich Miller for description of the history of annexation of Siberia to the Czardom of Moscovy, some data about development of that vast region by the Russian Cossacks and service class people had the great interest for the several other European authors, who wrote in their scientific works about campaign of the Cossack troop of ataman Yermak into Siberian lands. Results. It is contained in these works several little-known sometimes quite original not found in other sources’ data and authors’ opinions highlighting in non-traditional way the historical events, that are related to the campaign of the Russian Cossacks’ troop via the Ural Mountains to Western Siberia, as well as the descriptions of won by the Cossacks’ military successes over forces of the Tatars’ Khanate of Sibir. Some of these works contain data about takeover by the Cossacks of cities and strongholds, belonged to the Siberian Tatars, as well as about cases of capture in the course of hostilities of the Tatar leaders and their relatives, who were deported into Moscow thereafter. The several European authors, who wrote their works in that period about the Russian conquest of Northern Asia, were highly astonished at a quite small troop of the Russian Cossacks could subordinate West Siberian lands, populated by the Tatars. It was utilized quite a small military force for joining of the West lands of Western Siberia to the Czardom of Moscovy. A number of the European researchers have noted in their works that leader of the Cossack troop ataman Yermak was robbing for several years at the Volga River region before he departed to conquer the Tatars’ Khanate of Sibir. Therefore, fearing of persecution by the czarist authorities, later he was obliged to leave with his troop to the Northern Ural Region, and then he committed his well-known campaign to Western Siberia out of there. Conclusion. Data about historical events in the works of the European researchers, related to the conquest of the Khanate of Sibir, serve as an important supplement of historical materials that are contained in the Russian «Siberian Chronicles». Data about historical events, that are related to the period of annexation of Siberian lands to the Russian State and contained in the works of the European chroniclers the second half of the 17th – the beginning of the 18th century, can be used in preparation of synthesizing scientific works on history of Northern Asia.

scholarly journals MEMORIES OF BUILDERS OF DEFENSIVE FRONTIERS IN THE TERRITORY OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE: GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Marina A. Shirokova ◽  
Oleg N. Shirokov ◽  
Oleg N. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Separate Group ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Event Perception ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
Personal Character ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chuvash Republic

The purpose of the study is to analyze a separate group of sources: memories and testimonies of participants in the events of constructing defensive frontiers in the territory of the ChASSR in 1941–1942, revealing their typical characteristics and assessment as a historical source. The scientific novelty consists in attracting new sources of personal character in the history of erecting defensive structures in the territory of Chuvashia in autumn-winter 1941–1942. As a result of the study, general, typical characteristics of memories and testimonies of participants of the historical event were revealed: the predominance of household details, emphasizing such conditions of the construction as transport accessibility of construction objects, weather conditions, accommodation of builders, supplying with products, workers’ interrelations, emotional saturation of the historical event perception, impact on verbal folklore.

A HISTORY OF THE MOSCOW INTERNATIONAL FESTIVAL OF VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY “MEDIATING CAMERA”

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-494
Author(s):  
Evgeny Alexandrov ◽  
Elena Danilko
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Documentary Film ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Visual Anthropology ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Film Festivals ◽  
History Of ◽  
International Festival ◽  
Volunteer Group

The Ninth International FestivalBiennale “Mediating Camera” was held in Moscow in May 2021. This is the first Russian festival organized on the principles of visual anthropology and still adhering to that vision. The present article reports on the festival, the history of its establishment and development, and the changes it endured in the first twenty years since the turn of the millennium. The introduction briefly discusses visual anthropology and its situation in the USSR on the eve of Perestroika. The next section describes the first Russian documentary film festivals with similar angles. Further in the article, the authors discuss the approaches and principles adopted by the festival’s creators, a volunteer group of Moscow State University’s Center for Visual Anthropology. The main focus of attention is the initial period of the festival’s formation, when the organizers’ approaches to organizing the festival first took shape.

“It has been decreed again that you and I be exiled…”

Think India ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Purushottam Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Historical Event ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
History Of

SajjadZaheer had described the publication of 'Zindan Nama' as 'the most important historical event of the year 1952 in the history of Pakistan.' And, indeed, not only this collection, but other poetic works of Faiz deserve to be celebrated not only as literary events, but also as historical events of larger significance.

The Sex of History, or Object/Matters

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Anjali Arondekar
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Demand

Abstract The mandate to think of Stonewall as a global historical event within South Asia necessitates a difficult act of translation. Was my goal as a historian of sexuality and South Asia to decentre the primacy of Stonewall with local historical events of import? Or was it more epistemological, to address instead the question of why historical causality and memorialization works differently within the fabular geography that is South Asia? In other words, did the history of the Stonewall riots create more of a political demand on subaltern collectivities to ‘produce’ their own seismic historical event, or did it foreground even further the epistemological divide between the West and the Rest? This brief essay is a meditation on these questions and more.

scholarly journals Irkutsk Chronicles of the 17th–19th Centuries as a Historical Source

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
V. V. Chernykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Considerable Period

The chronicles are undoubtedly the most important source for studying Ancient Rus as a whole, as well as its regions, both in the initial period of the formation of statehood and that of centralized state with its established institutions. The empirical base of the research is sources, which may be divided into several groups: chronicles, normative legal acts, scholarship that allows us to record changes in historical process. The methodological basis of the research is general dialectical method, which makes it possible to track effective methods and forms of chronicle development, and method of hermeneutics (scholarship on understanding and interpretation of texts and phenomena, the original meaning of which has become unclear due to antiquity or ambiguity of interpretation). The chronicles were written even in the 19th century, and thus it is of interest to conduct a comparative analysis of the early chronicles and those of the later periods in order to trace their transformations and changing methods over a considerable period of time; to assess how the narrative changed; to identify, if possible, who stood behind the chronicles both of early and later period; to study how the political situation changed; to assess how independent and objective the chroniclers were. The article is to pay tribute to the people who gave us this legacy of historical memory and knowledge of our ancestors and laid the foundation for continuity of national history in all its diversity. No other source provides such diverse, valuable, and often surprising information that allows researchers in various fields of knowledge to write histories of their disciplines. In the aggregate it can provide an image of the nation and follow the historical process in all its diversity, while identifying features of different periods. Therefore, addressing the history of chronicling is to remain an important component in studying Russian history for quite a long time.

scholarly journals Diet-induced acidosis: is it real and clinically relevant?

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 1185-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Pizzorno ◽  
Lynda A. Frassetto ◽  
Joseph Katzinger
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Real Phenomenon ◽  
Short Term Effects

The concept of diet-induced ‘acidosis’ as a cause of disease has been a subject of interest for more than a century. The present article reviews the history of our evolving understanding of physiological pH, the physiological support for the concept of ‘acidosis’, the causes of acidosis, how it is recognised, its short-term effects as well as the long-term clinical relevance of preventative measures, and the research support for normalisation of pH. Further, we suggest differentiation of the terms ‘acidosis’ and ‘acidaemia’ as a way to resolve the conflation of these topics which has led to confusion and controversy. The available research makes a compelling case that diet-induced acidosis, not diet-induced acidaemia, is a real phenomenon, and has a significant, clinical, long-term pathophysiological effect that should be recognised and potentially counterbalanced by dietary means.

scholarly journals “Dried Fruits”: Flaubert, Marx, and the Literary-Historical Event

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-440
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Bray
Keyword(s):  
Literary Form ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Napoleon Iii ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lost Potential ◽  
Changes Over Time

Abstract This essay looks at Gustave Flaubert’s L’éducation sentimentale as a “literary-historical event,” that is, an event that becomes legible only by a literary text. Flaubert’s novel attempted to turn the ambiguous political events of 1848 and the coup d’état of Napoleon III into a literary manifesto and a history of his generation. One of the novel’s early titles was “Dried Fruits,” which conveys a sense of preserved youth or even lost potential that can be exploited later. Flaubert’s novel explores what changes over time and what inevitably repeats in apparently singular historical events. Similarly, Marx’s Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte famously uses literary and theatrical tropes to explain the same events as Flaubert as they unfolded. Both Flaubert and Marx show us that literary form (irony, farce, attention to linguistic repetition) participates in the politicization of, and the resistance to, historical events.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document