Optimization of locating robotic total stations for determining the deformations of buildings and structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 963 (9) ◽  
pp. 2-13
Author(s):  
H.M Hatoum ◽  
M.G. Mustafin
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
Interstate Standard ◽  
Deformations Of Buildings ◽  
Horizontal Displacements ◽  
High Measurement Accuracy

Monitoring deformation processes is directly related to safety and carried out therefore with high measurement accuracy. In this case, high-precision equipment and tools are accordingly used. Following the interstate standard of measuring deformations of buildings and structures foundations on sandy clay soils, the permissible error in measuring displacements should not exceed 1 mm with calculated values of vertical or horizontal displacements up to 100 mm. In this regard, monitoring the structures’ deformations is carried out under a program that provides selecting the initial geodetic signs location. Currently, the use of robotic stations for tracking the displacements of various objects’ elements has gained wide popularity. Of course, permanent observations look preferable, first, because there aren’t any intervals in observations during which the negative development of the process can be missed. However, the matter of locating the station remains relevant. The authors provide an analysis of approaches to solving this task. The use of Distance-Angle resection is considered. The constraints of its use are shown. The results of applying the least-squares method are presented. A particular practical example demonstrates the methodology of selecting and evaluating the location accuracy of a monitoring station.

Optic Method to Measure the Density of Gas and the Analysis on Uncertainty of Measurement

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
Chang Li Guo ◽  
Yan Qing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Uncertainty Of Measurement ◽  
Interference Theory ◽  
Interference Fringes ◽  
Air Chamber ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
Wedge Structure ◽  
High Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Optical Wedge

A optic method to measure the density of gas is put forward. That is, by using the optical Wedge structure to build air chamber and chamber for gas under test, and by measuring the differences of the optical Wedge interference fringes of the two rooms, the density of gas has been measured. The interference theory of Wedge has been theoretical analyzed, and a formula which can be used to measure the refractive index of gas is put forward, and the uncertainty of the measurement has been analyzed. The parameters of gas density, refractive index and gas thickness have been used in the formula. The results show that the method of optical Wedge interference is practical, and high measurement accuracy is achievement when the density of gas is high.

Developing passive MEMS DC/AC current sensor applicable to two-wire appliances with high measurement accuracy

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 (16) ◽  
pp. 164506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong F. Wang ◽  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
Weikang Xian ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
Xin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Current Sensor ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
Ac Current ◽  
High Measurement Accuracy

Research on Velocity Measurement of PD Radar Based on Non-Coherent Accumulation and Waveform Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 2999-3002
Author(s):  
Xu Dong Zhang ◽  
Yun Neng Yuan ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Target Tracking ◽  
Velocity Measurement ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Waveform Analysis ◽  
Radar Target ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Coherent Accumulation ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
High Measurement Accuracy

According to the process of PD radar target tracking, the radial motion of target has a significant impact on velocity measurement. Simulation shows that there is an apparent relation between radial velocity and non-coherent accumulated waveform. Based on the calculation of the entropy of non-coherent accumulated waveform, a method based on waveform entropy in velocity measurement is proposed. Experiments show that the new method can achieve high measurement accuracy, and is insensitive to velocity. At the same time, a rough estimation of velocity is used to shorten the running time.

scholarly journals The model identification of buildings horizontal displacements with the use of a free geodetic network

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012056
Author(s):  
Maria Mrówczyńska ◽  
Jacek Sztubecki ◽  
Zofia Ziçba ◽  
Izabela Wilczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Model Identification ◽  
Geodetic Network ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Horizontal Displacements

Abstract The geodetic monitoring of engineering structures, their displacements, and deformations, carried out permanently or periodically, allows obtaining information on the technical condition of facilities. The achieved information enables determining the necessary changes in using objects and minimizing future errors in the similar object’s design. The measurement results are subject to geometric interpretation based on the determined displacement parameters of the object’s shape and the approximation of the vector displacement field. Due to the influence of random factors characterized by a change in time and varying intensity, the deformation measurements performed during the operation of the facilities are of great importance for the safety of structures and engineering structures. In actual tasks of determining the object’s deformation and building a geometric model of displacements, the dominant method is the differential method, the advantage of eliminating systematic errors in measurement results while maintaining the geometric structure of the measurement and control network. The displacement’s geometric model, built based on measurements and calculations, can build a dynamic model of a building object, additionally considering such causes of deformation as, for example, own and usable weight, wind pressure, changes in ambient temperature, or ground vibrations. The article proposes approaches using the free alignment of linear and angular observations made in a geodetic network to determine horizontal displacements of an engineering object. This method may be necessary to study displacements of various parts of the object, thus analyzing its deformation. Free alignment allows for an optimal fit of the equalized network into the approximate network by imposing additional conditions (compared to the classic least squares method) on the vector of estimates of increments to approximate coordinates and the value of the covariance matrix. As an example of applying the proposed approach, the actual data received from the geodetic monitoring of the building structure was used. The structure was a road viaduct located along Wojska Polskiego Street in Bydgoszcz. The object of measurements and analyses was represented by finite sets of fixed points, subject to periodic observations over two years. The authors tested the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and compared the obtained results with the values of horizontal displacements, which were calculated based on the classic study of geodetic monitoring results using the least-squares method. The accuracy analysis of the obtained values of the geodetic network horizontal displacements using free alignment and the least-squares method was also performed. The results indicate the possibility of using the presented approach to identify the geometric model of horizontal displacements without losing the accuracy of their determination.

Evaluation of the metrological characteristics of Raman analyzer of natural gas

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Petrov ◽  
Ivan I. Matrosov ◽  
Alexey R. Zaripov ◽  
Aleksandr S. Tanichev ◽  
Matvey A. Kostenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Metrological Characteristics ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
High Measurement Accuracy

The advantages of the Raman spectroscopy method in comparison with gas chromatography in the analysis of the composition of natural gas are described. The metrological characteristics of a Raman gas analyzer developed at the Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences have been studied. A series of measurements were carried out on three natural gas simulators with different concentrations of components. It is shown that Raman gas analyzers are capable of providing high measurement accuracy, close to that of gas chromatographs when analyzing components with a low molar fraction (0.001–0.010 %). It is noted that when analyzing components with a molar fraction in the range of 0.01–100.00 %, the accuracy of the proposed Raman gas analyzer surpassed the accuracy of gas chromatographs.

1.55 μm All-Fiber Laser Heterodyne Detection and Data Analysis with High Measurement Accuracy of Velocity

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 060301
Author(s):  
王希涛 Wang Xitao ◽  
刘秉义 Liu Bingyi ◽  
吴松华 Wu Songhua ◽  
姚琪 Yao Qi ◽  
李志刚 Li Zhigang
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Heterodyne Detection ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
Laser Heterodyne ◽  
High Measurement Accuracy

Research on Measure Method of Common Normal Length Variation of Bilateral Modification Gear

2012 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 568-571
Author(s):  
Yu Lan Wei ◽  
Qi Bo Yan ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Hao Xu ◽  
Ying Ying Fan
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Normal Length ◽  
Coordinate Measurement ◽  
Coordinate Measurement Machine ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
Tooth Number ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Measurement Accuracy

In the conditions of rationally selecting of the measure tooth number, this paper puts forward a new method to calculate the common normal length variation, which is based on coordinate measurement machine to collect the data of bilateral modification gear's outline. Firstly, the addendum modification coefficient and tangential modification coefficient are used to determine the optimum measure tooth number, and then the common normal length variation is determined according to the definition. The experiment has shown that this way has a lot of advantages, such as the intensive data of sample points, less human intervention and high measurement accuracy.

scholarly journals Elaboration of quantitative method of Mediborol in its medical product

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Ye. A. Krasnov ◽  
V. A. Shelekhova
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Medical Product ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Quantitative Definition

Possibility of quantitative definition of mediborol in oil solutions is shown by the method of Firordta and least-squares method for spectrophotometric analysis. The developed technique appreciably allows us to increase the measurement accuracy as compared with the direct spectrophotometric analysis. The error of the analysis does not exceed 1,36% for solution of mediborol in peachy oil and 0,83% in olive oil.

scholarly journals Metrology for Measuring Custom Periodicities on Diffraction Gratings

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150005
Author(s):  
Ningxiao Zhang ◽  
Randall McEntaffer ◽  
Ross McCurdy ◽  
Casey DeRoo
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Diffraction Gratings ◽  
Optical Interferometry ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
High Measurement ◽  
High Measurement Accuracy

We present a new, inexpensive, bench-top method for measuring groove period over large areas with high mapping resolution and high measurement accuracy, dubbed the grating mapper for accurate period (GMAP). The GMAP has the ability to measure large groove period changes and nonparallel grooves, both of which cannot be measured via optical interferometry. In this paper, we detail the calibration and setup of the GMAP, and employ the instrument to measure three distinct gratings. Two of these measured gratings have customized groove patterns that prevent them from being measured via other traditional methods, such as optical interferometry. Our implementation of this tool achieves a spatial resolution of 0.1[Formula: see text]mm[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.1[Formula: see text]mm and a period error of 1.7[Formula: see text]nm for a 3[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m size groove period.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document