scholarly journals Seasonal Variations in Fatty Acid and Nutritional Composition of Sand Smelt (Atherina boyeri) caught from Cekerek Dam (Yozgat, Turkey)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-420
Author(s):  
Esra BALIKÇI
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Nutritional Composition

scholarly journals Genome-edited Camelina sativa with a unique fatty acid content and its potential impact on ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Kawall
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Multiple Copies

Abstract‘Genome editing’ is intended to accelerate modern plant breeding enabling a much faster and more efficient development of crops with improved traits such as increased yield, altered nutritional composition, as well as resistance to factors of biotic and abiotic stress. These traits are often generated by site-directed nuclease-1 (SDN-1) applications that induce small, targeted changes in the plant genomes. These intended alterations can be combined in a way to generate plants with genomes that are altered on a larger scale than it is possible with conventional breeding techniques. The power and the potential of genome editing comes from its highly effective mode of action being able to generate different allelic combinations of genes, creating, at its most efficient, homozygous gene knockouts. Additionally, multiple copies of functional genes can be targeted all at once. This is especially relevant in polyploid plants such as Camelina sativa which contain complex genomes with multiple chromosome sets. Intended alterations induced by genome editing have potential to unintentionally alter the composition of a plant and/or interfere with its metabolism, e.g., with the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as phytohormones or other biomolecules. This could affect diverse defense mechanisms and inter-/intra-specific communication of plants having a direct impact on associated ecosystems. This review focuses on the intended alterations in crops mediated by SDN-1 applications, the generation of novel genotypes and the ecological effects emerging from these intended alterations. Genome editing applications in C. sativa are used to exemplify these issues in a crop with a complex genome. C. sativa is mainly altered in its fatty acid biosynthesis and used as an oilseed crop to produce biofuels.

Effects of full-time v. part-time grazing on seasonal changes in milk coagulation properties and fatty acid composition

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Franziska S. Akert ◽  
Michael Kreuzer ◽  
Carmen Kunz ◽  
Beat Reidy ◽  
Joel Berard
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Milk Coagulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Feeding Systems

Abstract For this research communication our objective was to investigate to what extent milk coagulation properties and milk fatty acid (FA) composition were affected by different feeding systems, season and their interaction. Eighteen cows in total were subjected to one of three different feeding system treatments: full-time grazing or part-time grazing combined with indoor feeding of fresh grass with low or high concentrate supplementation. Milk was sampled in spring, summer and autumn. Milk coagulation time was 15.0, 19.0 and 17.7 min, coagulation dynamics 1.67, 3.41 and 1.79 min, and curd firmness 52.7, 32.4 and 47.0 mm in spring, summer and autumn, respectively. Thus, milk coagulation properties of the milk were lower during summer. There were strong seasonal effects on milk FA proportions, but there were not always changes with progressing season, or changes were different with respect to the impact of the feeding systems (system × season interaction). The milk fat was favourably rich in oleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid and had a low n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio in all systems. Factors like seasonal variations in grass composition and the energy balance of the cows were considered relevant for the milk FA composition. Overall, seasonal variations in milk quality were less pronounced with part-time grazing with fresh grass indoors as compared to full-time grazing without concentrate.

Seasonal variations in the composition and thermal properties of New Zealand milk fat: I. Fatty-acid composition

1973 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Weight Percentage

SummaryThe fatty-acid composition of 17 samples of New Zealand milk fat obtained throughout one dairy season is reported.The weight percentage of butyric (C4:0) acid was significantly correlated with that of caproic (C6:0) acid and that of caprylic (C8:0) acid. Percentages of C6:0and C8:0showed a highly significant correlation with each other and with weight percentages of capric (C10:0) and lauric (C12:0) acids.There was a highly significant negative correlation between palmitic (C16:0) and stearic (C18:0) acids and between C4:0and C16:0acids. Oleic (C18:1) acid showed significant negative correlations with C8:0, C10:0, C12:0, myristic (C14:0) and C16:0acids.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variations of n-6: n-3 Ratios and Fatty Acid Compositions in Foot and Tissue of Chiton lamyi in a High Primary Productivity Area

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nooshin Sajjadi ◽  
Peyman Eghtesadi- ◽  
Shahla Jamili ◽  
Mehri Hashtroodi ◽  
Sahar Farzadnia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The Components of Hevea Latex. Part II. Seasonal Variations in the Composition of Typical Seedling Latex

1938 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-458
Author(s):  
K. C. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Viscous Fluid ◽  
Ammonium Salt ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Marked Resistance ◽  
Solvent Action

Abstract 1. Comparative analyses of fresh and ammoniated latices have been made, and the components investigated. 2. The changes effected by ammoniation are profound, and are far advanced in a period of eight weeks. Only the minor components, ammonium salt and ester, are inappreciably affected. 3. The fatty acid and the phosphate complexes of fresh latex undergo extensive hydrolysis within eight weeks of ammoniation, and part of the inorganic matter is firmly retained by the modified hydrocarbon. (See 5 below.) 4. The crude caoutchol of fresh latex is replaced by an increased amount of a viscous fluid which is thought to consist of a disaggregated portion of the hydrocarbon. Caoutchol itself, treated with dilute aqueous ammonia, becomes relatively insoluble, and is presumably retained on analysis by the remainder of the hydrocarbon. 5. The hydrocarbon of fresh latex is replaced by an ash-containing material which has a marked resistance to solvent action. This latter property is due not only to retention of the modified caoutchol (4 above), but also to modification (polymerization?) of the hydrocarbon itself by the action of the ammonia.

scholarly journals Quality Characteristics of Fiber – Rich Biscuits From Blends of Sweet Potato and Tigernut Flour (P04-073-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Obafaye ◽  
Matthew Ohida ◽  
Aderonke Olagunju ◽  
Funmilayo Omoba
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Flour Blends ◽  
Content Range

Abstract Objectives This study sought to prepare biscuit from composite flours of sweet potato and tiger nut flour blends as well as to evaluate nutritional composition and consumer acceptability of formulated biscuits. Methods Sweet potato was purchased at Federal University of Technology Research farm, Akure, Nigeria. Tiger nut (brown variety) and other principal ingredients (sugar, fat and salt) were purchased from Oba market in Akure, Nigeria. All chemicals used were of analytical grade. The sweet potato tuber was processed into flour according to the method described by (Noorakmar, et al., 2012) with slight modification. Tiger nut was processed into flour according to the method described by Awolu, et al (2017). Percentage of TNF in SPF was 10% (SWT10), 20% (SWT20), and 30% (SWT30) while SPF 100% (SWT0) served as control. The procedure for making the biscuits was produced according to the method of AACC, (2000) Moisture, protein, fat, crude fiber, and ash contents were determined according to the method described by A.O.A.C. (2005). Carbohydrate was calculated by difference. Mineral analysis were determined as described by A.O.A.C. (2005), The dietary fiber content of PM-OP biscuits was determined using the described method of the A.O.A.C. (2005). Fatty acid composition was analyzed using the gas liquid chromatography (GLC) as described by Stahle, E. (1967). Sensory evaluation of the formulated biscuit was carried out using 9-point hedonic scale as described by Kaur.et al., (2015) Results Protein content range from 1.74 to 7.53%, fat content range from 2.05 to 12.77%, crude fibre range from 0.63 to 3.81%, ash content range from 5.89–6.68%, moisture content range from 3.84 to 9.84%. Potassium was the most abundant mineral content present in the biscuit and its value ranges from 11.50 to 41.20 mg/100 g. DF increased significantly (P < 0.05) with an increase in Tiger nut. The total dietary fibre value range from 7.15 to 8.69%, the ratio of soluble to insoluble dietary fibre was 3:1. The predominant fatty acid in the biscuit is linoleic acid followed by oleic acid. The overall acceptability revealed that SWT20 was the most acceptable of the biscuits. Conclusions Consumption of fibre-rich biscuit from the blends of sweet potato and tigernut flour could serve as a nutritious snacks capable to reduced the menace of degenerated diseases in a riotous economy Funding Sources None. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Deficit Irrigation as a Suitable Strategy to Enhance the Nutritional Composition of HydroSOS Almonds

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3336
Author(s):  
Saray Gutiérrez-Gordillo ◽  
Leontina Lipan ◽  
Víctor Hugo Durán Zuazo ◽  
Esther Sendra ◽  
Francisca Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture

The Mediterranean region is one of the most water-scarce areas worldwide and is considered a climate-change hotspot. To assure the viability and competitiveness of irrigated agriculture, it is vital to implement strategies that can maximize water saving without compromising yield. Deficit irrigation (DI) for cultivating drought-tolerant species such as almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb) can help in achieving this goal, while at the same time improving fruit chemical composition. This work evaluated the effect of DI techniques and cultivars on the chemical composition of almonds (cvs. Marta, Guara, and Lauranne) in order to elucidate the most suitable irrigation dose under water-scarcity scenarios. Three irrigation regimes were imposed: a control treatment (FI), which was fully irrigated, receiving 100% of the irrigation requirement (IR), and two sustained-deficit irrigation (SDI) strategies that received 75% (SDI75) and 65% (SDI65) of IR. Significant differences among cultivars and irrigation treatments were observed for antioxidant activity and organic acid, sugar, and fatty acid content, which were increased by the SDI strategies. In addition, highly significant correlations were found between leaf-water potential and components such as fumaric acid, sugars, and fatty acids. In terms of the cultivars, cv. Marta showed the highest antioxidant activity, cv. Guara was the richest in organic acids, and cv. Lauranne had the highest fatty acid content. Consequently, SDI strategies improved almond quality parameters related to their nutritional and sensory composition, with significant water savings (reductions of 25–35%) and without important yield loss.

Nutritional composition, fatty acid profile, phytochemistry and evaluation of the effects ofCarya illinoinensison diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 2595-2603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenna Lino Santos ◽  
Pedro Costa Lima De Almeida ◽  
Carla Aparecida Rodrigues ◽  
Luís Felipe Franco De Battisti ◽  
Lellis Henrique Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Nutritional Composition
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