scholarly journals Panthera Onca Corridors: A Spatially Explicit Analysis of Habitat Change Drivers and Potential Conservation Areas in the Bajo Magdalena, Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Helena Toro-Garay ◽  
Maria Paula Otero ◽  
Carlos Valderrama-Ardila ◽  
Francisco Javier Escobedo
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
Explicit Analysis ◽  
Ecological Importance

The distribution range of Jaguar (Panthera onca) is being reduced due to multi-scale habitat conversion, intensive hunting, illegal trafficking, habitat fragmentation, and the construction of highways and other infrastructure. Because of the decrease in population, this species’ listing has changed from vulnerable to a threatened category. Due to the ecological importance of this species, organizations like Red Colombiana de Seguimiento de Fauna Atropellada have proposed the establishment of wildlife corridors. But little is known as to recognize the driving forces in these habitat changes and where these corridors should be established. To address this lack of information, we determined the spatial extent to which the current distribution and access to P. onca habitat is being driven by deforestation, armed conflict, agriculture expansion, urbanization and the construction of highways in the Bajo Magdalena area of Colombia. We then identified potential areas for proposing conservation corridors. To do this, we used available geospatial information on P. onca distribution in the Corporación Autónoma Regional areas in the municipalities of Puerto Salgar, Caparrapí and Guaduas, as well as transportation network, administrative unit, and deforestation data from 2010 to 2018. We also calculated habitat distances to population centers and the distribution of P. onca relative to roads. Our findings suggest that urban population and highways affect 83 % of the total area of its distribution; deforestation increased by 47.9 km2 in the 105.24 km2 study area with 5.6 km2 alone left as P. onca habitat. We concluded that conservation initiatives must be implemented inside P. onca’s distributional range and buffer zones. Urbanization and the construction of highways were highly influential variables associated with the loss of P. onca habitat. Further, we propose that precautions along the principal road that connects Puerto Salgar and Guaduas should be taken into consideration to maintain the genetic flow and movement of the P. onca population as it affects 87 km of this proposed corridor.

scholarly journals Analysis of private natural heritage reserves as a conservation strategy for the biodiversity of the cocoa region of the southern State of Bahia, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Schiavetti ◽  
Haydee Torres de Oliveira ◽  
Alene da Silva Lins ◽  
Pablo Santana Santos
Keyword(s):  
Forest Succession ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Coastal Forest ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Southern State ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
Environmental Agencies

Brazil was the first country in Latin America to establish and regulate this type of reserve, and there are currently more than 700 Private Nature Heritage Reserves (RPPN in Portuguese) officially recognized by either federal or state environmental agencies. Together, these RPPN protect more than a half million hectares of land in the country. The coastal forests in the southern part of Bahia State extend 100 to 200 km inland, gradually changing in physiognomy as they occupy the dryer inland areas. The coastal forest has been subjected to intense deforestation, and currently occupies less than 10% of its original area. For this work the creation processes of the RPPN were consulted to obtain the data creation time, size of property, the condition of the remaining forest, succession chain and the last paid tax. After that, interviews with the owners were made to confirm this data. Sixteen RPPN have been established in this region until 2005. Their sizes vary from 4.7 to 800 ha. Ten of these RPPN are located within state or federal conservation areas or their buffer zones. In spite of the numerous national and international conservation strategies and environmental policies focused on the region, the present situation of the cocoa zone is threatening the conservation of the region's natural resources. The establishment of private reserves in the cocoa region could conceivably improve these conservation efforts. This type of reserve can be established under a uniform system supported by federal legislation, and could count on private organizations.

scholarly journals Implementation of the Concept of Conservation Ar ea Buffer Zone in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
S Nadhira ◽  
◽  
S Basuni
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Study Results

Conservation area buffer zones are recognized to provide ecological, social, and economic benefits in supporting conservation areas' integrity. Nevertheless, little is known hitherto about the development dynamics of conservation area buffer zones in Indonesia. Therefore, a study concerning theory, policy, and management of the conservation area buffer zones in Indonesia is necessary to analyze its performance, identify problems in its implementation, and formulate its evidence-based development policy. This study aims to identify and analyze issues in implementing the concept of conservation area buffer zone as well as recommend policy formulation to accelerate the development of conservation area buffer zones in Indonesia. This study is an exploratory research through a literature review with semi-systematic approach. It finds that there are only nine out of 530 (1.7%) conservation areas in Indonesia with a formally established buffer zone. This condition is mainly due to the absence of buffer zone institutions at the regional government levels. Meanwhile, the management of supposedly buffer zones has been conducted through various projects for strengthening the functions of buffer zones by conservation area managers, either in the form of land-based or non-land-based projects. This study results in recommendations for all interested parties to urge the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and the Ministry of Home Affairs to promulgate and renew the regulations concerning the procedures of establishing and managing conservation area buffer zones. Moreover, regarding the institutional aspect, there is a need for a particular structure in both ministries to address community empowerment issues at the site level.

scholarly journals Dynamic Changes Analysis and Hotspots Detection of Land Use in the Central Core Functional Area of Jing-Jin-Ji from 2000 to 2015 Based on Remote Sensing Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Li ◽  
Gaohuan Liu ◽  
Chong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Central Core ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Functional Area ◽  
Dynamic Changes

The article uses GIS spatial analysis and grid technologies to study the dynamic changes, hotspot regions, and driving forces in land use of the central core functional area of Jing-Jin-Ji. The research results are as follows: from 2000 to 2015, the main types of land use in the central core functional area of Jing-Jin-Ji are cultivated land, woodland, and built-up land. In the period of 2005–2010, the transfer between built-up land and cultivated land was frequent. The dynamic degree of single land use in unused land was highest. It also finds out that the dynamic degree of the integrated land use from 2005 to 2010 was higher. The center of gravity transfer of the dynamic degree of integrated land use was concentrated in research area. As for the hotspots, their number and scope are increasing, and the positions located in the edge of original main urban area and developed transportation network. The main characteristics of land use dynamic change in the study area are the rapid decrease of cultivated land area and rapid growth of built-up land. The spatial agglomeration of economic factors caused by human activities has an important influence on the spatial and temporal dynamic changes of land use.

scholarly journals Buddhist Monasteries Facilitated Landscape Conservation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naixin Cui ◽  
Tong Wu ◽  
Yi-Chen Wang ◽  
Huiting Zou ◽  
Jan Christoph Axmacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Landscape Conservation ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Unused Land ◽  
Explicit Analysis ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract Context The Sanjiangyuan region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (also known as the “Three Rivers’ Headwaters”) is the origin of Yellow, Yangtze, and Mekong Rivers and therefore the key water source for hundreds of millions of downstream residents. Protecting this region’s ecosystems is a key priority for sustainable development in China and Asia. An important social dimension of Sanjiangyuan is the long-established and widespread presence of Tibetan Buddhism, particularly as manifested in the large number of monasteries throughout the region. However, the influence of cultural, and specifically religious, factors on environmental change remains largely understudied here. Objective We focus on two types of spatial associations - point-point and point-area features - to quantitatively investigate the effects of Buddhist monasteries on LUCC in surrounding landscapes. Methods We conduct a spatially-explicit analysis of Sanjiangyuan for two periods, 1990-2000 and 2010-2015, to identify and quantify the influence of the presence and spatial distributions of Buddhist monasteries on LUCC (or lack therefore, implying landscape conservation) in comparison to village communities that lack monasteries. Results We found a “clustering effect” in which the spatial aggregation of monasteries being highly correlated with the preservation of natural ecosystems, specifically of grasslands and forests. Within monastery buffer zones with radii between 1 and 10 km, 7.13-9.30% more grassland area and 7.14-7.47% more forest area remained around monasteries compared to villages. This contrast decreased with increasing distance to the monastery/village. Overall built-up areas were also much smaller around monasteries than around villages, while unused land was more commonly transformed to forests and grasslands around monasteries.Conclusions These findings strongly support the idea that Buddhist culture, as manifested through its physical institutions and communities, are instrumental in achieving desired landscape conservation outcomes.

scholarly journals How is the jaguar Panthera onca perceived by local communities along the Paraguai River in the Brazilian Pantanal?

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grasiela Porfirio ◽  
Pedro Sarmento ◽  
Stephanie Leal ◽  
Carlos Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Economic Losses ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Livestock Depredation ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
Human Perceptions ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal ◽  
Pantanal Wetland

AbstractRapid habitat conversion, hunting as a retaliatory response to livestock depredation and, potentially, lack of knowledge regarding the species’ ecological role are the main factors influencing conservation of the Near Threatened jaguar Panthera onca in the Pantanal wetland of Brazil. Investigation of people's perceptions and attitudes towards a species is an important element of conservation initiatives but most information concerning human perceptions of jaguars in the Pantanal comes from conflict with ranchers, who typically perceive this species negatively as a result of economic losses. No information is available concerning perceptions of the jaguar by other inhabitants, particularly along riversides where the main activity is professional and recreational fishing. We used semi-structured questionnaires to interview 50 riverside inhabitants on how they perceive the jaguar and to investigate the influence of education and age on such perceptions compared to local people from rural properties in the Pantanal and other Brazilian biomes. ‘Dangerous’ was the predominant perception. We found that the negative perceptions of jaguars related to people's safety and not to economic losses from livestock depredation. We highlight environmental education programmes, ecotourism and better strategies to reduce livestock losses as useful tools for minimizing the perception that jaguars are dangerous in all situations.

Towards A Decision Support System for Optimization of Container Placement in a Container Terminal

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Zakaria Bendaoud ◽  
Khadidja Yachba
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Placement Problem ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
Dynamic Constraints ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Mode Of Transport

Maritime transport moves a majority of the goods and global trade around the globe. This mode of transport involves loading and unloading of containers at ports. Upon arrival at a port, the ships remain inactive during the operations of loading and unloading. The terminal operator receives a schedule indicating the dates of loading and unloading of containers and their locations in the storage areas. Once berthing takes place, ships are unloaded by gantry cranes to the handling area, where the containers are then collected for transfer to storage areas or buffer zones. Container terminals are essential inter-modal interfaces for the worldwide transportation network. An optimal location for a container terminal is very important for the operators and companies as it can minimize the number of unnecessary movements within the storage area and the terminal, which can reduce transportation costs. In this work, the authors propose a container placement problem and a solution approach through a model for decision support that can solved and optimized for the storage space available. In other words, a model that minimizes the total number of unnecessary movements, while respecting the dynamic constraints of space and time.

scholarly journals Conservation of Protected Areas in Federal System, How?

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Santosh Mani Nepal
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Federal System ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Conservation History

The formal conservation history of Nepal is relatively shorter one. The protection and conservation of National Parks, Wildlife Reserves, Conservation Areas and Buffer Zone are creating a burning debate amongst all stakeholders along with the debate of the state restructuring. The federal system of Nepal is quite different compare to other countries. All the rational designed in the face of unitary governance system needs a redefinition now. We have to create a suitable road-map for the division power among different levels of governments using the general orientation of international conservation framework. Constitutional provision should be designed in such a way that there should be little political intervention on natural resources. Mostly the National Parks and Wildlife Reserves are listed under the jurisdiction of federal government in federal countries. Environment has been a matter of concurrent power among many other federal countries. In Nepal, there is a growing consensus in favor of federal responsibility for the large infrastructures based on their inter-provincial importance, impact and extent. National Parks, Wildlife Reserves, Buffer Zones and Conservation Areas should be matter of concurrent authority where the federal government makes a framework policy but works in collaboration with the provincial government and local communities when it comes of implementing it. This will be the only way where by federal government could comply with the international commitments. Similarly, provincial government can implement the conservation functions with the support of local communities, indigenous people and groups dependent on the natural resource. The framework for such mechanism should be designed through an extensive consultation with the key stakeholders during the formulation of legislation and bylaws following the promulgation of the new constitution.The full text of the article is in Nepali. DOI: 10.3126/init.v3i0.2518 The Initiation Vol.3 2009 p.161-166

scholarly journals Visualisation and analysis of multi-resolution raster geodatasets in the cloud

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Lassi Lehto ◽  
Jaakko Kähkönen ◽  
Juha Oksanen ◽  
Tapani Sarjakoski
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Visual Exploration ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Computing Platform ◽  
Interactive Analysis ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Storage Format

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Raster geodatasets are an important data source for map-related web applications. However, existing differences in how those datasets are georeferenced, formatted and made available complicate their integration for analysis and visualisation purposes. Furthermore, the inconsistent cell resolutions make it difficult to perform efficient and reliable display of the datasets over a range of scales. In particular, it is challenging to achieve satisfactory user experience in visual exploration of interactive analysis operations carried out on these datasets.</p><p>Dataset harmonisation carried out as a pre-processing procedure seems to be necessary for resolving the raster geodata inconsistency challenge. After the pre-processing step, the harmonized datasets have to be stored into an easily accessible data storage, preferably in close connection with the computing platform where the analysis operations are to be performed.</p><p>Multidimensional datacube has emerged as a conceptual framework for organising a repository of harmonised raster geodatasets. Satellite images have so far been the most popular geospatial application area for datacubes. The set of dimensions of such geodatacube typically consist of two or three coordinate axes, time, and the content theme. While being ingested into the datacube, the involved datasets are brought into a common georeferencing frame, series of cell resolutions, and storage format. The selected harmonised resolution levels can actually be seen as a set of individual geodatacubes.</p><p>An initiative has launched in Finland to build a harmonised multi-resolution geodatacube, called GeoCubes Finland, containing some of the most important national geodatasets. The datasets currently incorporated into the geodatacube include digital elevation models together with land cover, superficial deposit, forest inventory and administrative unit datasets. GeoCubes Finland is being built as part of the Finnish Open Geospatial Information Infrastructure for Research (oGIIR) programme, aimed at developing the geospatial research infrastructure of the country. The data storage and the related computing facilities have been implemented on a cloud service platform provided by CSC - IT Center for Science that serves Finnish universities and research institutes.</p>

scholarly journals Typology of the districts in Czechia based on land cover structure

Geografie ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-190
Author(s):  
Martin Balej ◽  
Jiří Anděl
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Corine Land Cover ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Meso Scale

The authors analyse land cover changes in Czechia after 1990 on a meso-scale, i.e., on the administrative unit/district scale. The CORINE land cover database makes it possible to compare land cover differences and similarities in 1990, 2000 and 2006. The objective of this report is to set out a district typology according to land cover structure, and this will be achieved through the use of statistical methodologies. An intermediate objective is to establish land cover change trends and tendencies, including the intensity and spatial differentiation of these changes. An additional objective is to designate the main driving forces behind these changes. The presumption that land cover in Czechia is tending to become a multi-functional landscape has not been confirmed at the district scale. In contrast, in some districts, monofunctionality is increasing regarding the frequency of land cover classes.

Home Range and Movements of Feral Cats on Mauna Kea, Hawai?i

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Goltz ◽  
Steven C. Hess ◽  
Kevin W. Brinck ◽  
Paul C. Banko ◽  
Raymond M. Danner
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Movement Rates ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
The Pacific

Feral cats Felis catus in dry subalpine woodland of Mauna Kea, Hawai?i, live in low density and exhibit some of the largest reported home ranges in the literature. While 95% fixed kernel home range estimates for three females averaged 772 ha, four males averaged 1 418 ha, and one male maintained a home range of 2 050 ha. Mean daily movement rates between sexes overlapped widely and did not differ significantly (P = 0.083). Log-transformed 95% kernel home ranges for males were significantly larger than those of females (P = 0.024), but 25% kernel home ranges for females were larger than those of males (P = 0.017). Moreover, log-transformed home ranges of males were also significantly larger than those of females in this and seven other studies from the Pacific region (P = 0.044). Feral cats present a major threat to endangered Hawaiian birds, but knowledge of their ecology can be used for management by optimizing trap spacing and creating buffer zones around conservation areas.

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