scholarly journals Training Farmers or Educating Citizens?

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
Stig Thøgersen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Agricultural Innovation ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Modern Knowledge ◽  
Innovation And Change

Jørgen Delman’s Ph.D. thesis “Agricultural Extension in Renshou County, China” (1991) was the result of his return to academia in the late 1980s after he worked for three years at the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN in China. It is a detailed study of the complex rural bureaucracy promoting agricultural innovation and change and reflects a deep understanding of how things worked on the ground in those relatively early years of market-oriented rural reforms. It also contributes to a larger story of how ‘modern’ knowledge over the last century has been transmitted and negotiated between China’s urban centers and its countless rural communities. This vignette offers some thoughts on this larger topic.

scholarly journals Social Change through Entrepreneurship: Utilizing Portable Sawmill Based Small Businesses to Promote Community Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal Lupo
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization

Reduced demand for wood and wood products resulting from the economic crisis in the first decade of the 2000s severely impacted the forest industry throughout the world, causing large forest-based organizations to close (CBC News, 2008; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2009; Pepke, 2009). The result was a dramatic increase in unemployment and worker displacement among forest product workers between 2011 and 2013 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). Forested rural communities often depended on the large-scale forest industry for their livelihood, and as a result, decreased reliance on large-scale industry became increasingly important (Lupo, 2015). This article explores portable-sawmill-based entrepreneurship as an opportunity to promote social change in the local community. Results indicated that portable-sawmill-based small businesses created community development opportunities, which promoted social change in the larger community through farm business expansion, conservation efforts to improve local community development, and niche market creation in the local or larger community.

Thinking beyond the pond - promoting livelihoods analysis and approaches for aquaculture development.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Haylor
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Aquatic Resource ◽  
Development Professionals ◽  
Aquatic Resources Management ◽  
Indigenous Technical Knowledge

Abstract Traditionally, development professionals have considered 'lack of technical knowledge' to be a significant constraint to rural development through aquaculture (as well as through other technical disciplines). However, evidence increasingly shows the enormous store of 'indigenous technical knowledge' present in remote, rural communities, although this knowledge is still often undervalued or ignored by 'outside' developers. Gradually this is changing as approaches based on understanding and supporting the lives and livelihoods of people in communities are being increasingly adopted, but building capacity in technical line agencies to work in this way is an enormous undertaking. 'Thinking beyond the pond' is about a pilot project promoting approaches to development involving aquaculture that include learning about livelihoods approaches. With support from a Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP), the Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific-Support to Regional Aquatic Resources Management (NACA-STREAM) Initiative is training national livelihoods teams in a number of countries throughout the Asia-Pacific region and facilitating livelihoods analysis and approaches that aim to benefit poor and vulnerable aquatic resource users.

scholarly journals Mitigation of the Impact of the Covid 19 Pandemic on Poverty and Income Distribution: A Case Study in Wonogiri Regency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endang Siti Rahayu ◽  
Okid Parama Astirin ◽  
Suryanto Suryanto
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The People ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Covid pandemic had a significant impact on the economy because almost all sectors are affected. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) warned countries to be alert to the potential food crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research objectives are to (1) identify the income of the people affected by Covid 19, (2) analyze the changes in income, (3) formulate a mitigation model. The research method used is a survey with 240 respondents from rural communities affected by Covid 19, especially farmers and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The analytical method used is cost and income analysis, SWOT analysis, poverty analysis and income distribution with the Gini Index approach. Covid 19 has impacted decreasing income and increasing poverty by 48.44% and the GI value of 0.604. The income distribution is increasingly widening and low/poor. Based on the SWOT analysis, the people affected by Covid 19 are in quadrant II, the point of growth and development. Mitigation model to prevent poverty and increase equity level with intensive strategy and integrative strategy. The strategy is to maintain product quality and continuity and optimization and development of marketing by utilizing government support and institutional strengthening.

Food waste and dynamic complex systems: The case of Peru and a solution model proposal Part 1: Peruvian Anchoveta (Engraulis ringens)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A Almenara
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Revenue Management ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Solution Model ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Engraulis Ringens ◽  
The United Nations

[THE MANUSCRIPT IS A DRAFT] According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO, 2020), food waste and losses comprises nearly 1.3 billion tonnes every year, which equates to around US$ 990 billion worldwide. Ironically, over 820 million people do not have enough food to eat (FAO, 2020). This gap production-consumption puts in evidence the need to reformulate certain practices such as the controversial monocropping (i.e., growing a single crop on the same land on a yearly basis), as well as to improve others such as revenue management through intelligent systems. In this first part of a series of articles, the focus is on the Peruvian anchoveta fish (Engraulis ringens).

To the Empire and Beyond

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Barton
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
The Government ◽  
Second World

This chapter traces the expansion of industrial agricultural methods after the Second World War. Western governments and the Food and Agriculture Organization pushed for increased use of chemical fertilizers to aid development and resist Soviet encroachment. Meanwhile small groups of organic farmers and gardeners adopted Howard’s methods in the Anglo-sphere and elsewhere in the world. European movements paralleled these efforts and absorbed the basic principles of the Indore Method. British parliament debated the merits of organic farming, but Howard failed to persuade the government to adopt his policies. Southern Rhodesia, however, did implement his ideas in law. Desiccation theory aided his attempts in South Africa and elsewhere, and Louise Howard, after Albert’s death, kept alive a wide network of activists with her publications.

scholarly journals Ensuring Agricultural Sustainability through Remote Sensing in the Era of Agriculture 5.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5911
Author(s):  
Vanesa Martos ◽  
Ali Ahmad ◽  
Pedro Cartujo ◽  
Javier Ordoñez
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Information Acquisition ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
World Population ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Zero Hunger

Timely and reliable information about crop management, production, and yield is considered of great utility by stakeholders (e.g., national and international authorities, farmers, commercial units, etc.) to ensure food safety and security. By 2050, according to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimates, around 70% more production of agricultural products will be needed to fulfil the demands of the world population. Likewise, to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially the second goal of “zero hunger”, potential technologies like remote sensing (RS) need to be efficiently integrated into agriculture. The application of RS is indispensable today for a highly productive and sustainable agriculture. Therefore, the present study draws a general overview of RS technology with a special focus on the principal platforms of this technology, i.e., satellites and remotely piloted aircrafts (RPAs), and the sensors used, in relation to the 5th industrial revolution. Nevertheless, since 1957, RS technology has found applications, through the use of satellite imagery, in agriculture, which was later enriched by the incorporation of remotely piloted aircrafts (RPAs), which is further pushing the boundaries of proficiency through the upgrading of sensors capable of higher spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions. More prominently, wireless sensor technologies (WST) have streamlined real time information acquisition and programming for respective measures. Improved algorithms and sensors can, not only add significant value to crop data acquisition, but can also devise simulations on yield, harvesting and irrigation periods, metrological data, etc., by making use of cloud computing. The RS technology generates huge sets of data that necessitate the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data to extract useful products, thereby augmenting the adeptness and efficiency of agriculture to ensure its sustainability. These technologies have made the orientation of current research towards the estimation of plant physiological traits rather than the structural parameters possible. Futuristic approaches for benefiting from these cutting-edge technologies are discussed in this study. This study can be helpful for researchers, academics, and young students aspiring to play a role in the achievement of sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Agro-Food Innovation and Sustainability Transition: A Conceptual Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6897
Author(s):  
Xiangping Jia
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
System Innovation ◽  
Agricultural Innovation ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Sustainability Transition ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Agricultural Innovation System

The global community faces the challenge of feeding a growing population with declining resources, making transformation to sustainable agriculture and food systems all the more imperative and ‘innovation’ all the more crucial. In this study, agro-food system innovation (re)defines sustainability transition with a complexity construct of cross-scale interaction and an adaptive cycle of system change. By taking a panarchical view, top-down and bottom-up pathways to innovation can be reconciled and are not contradictory, enabling and constraining innovation at every level. This study breaks down the structure of the agricultural innovation system into four components based on multi-level perspectives of sustainability transition, namely: actors and communities, interaction and intermediaries, coherence and connectedness and regimes rules and landscape. Meanwhile, this research frames the functional construct of system innovation for food and agriculture with five perspectives drawing on broad inputs from different schools of thought, namely: knowledge management, user sophistication, entrepreneurial activities’ directionality and reflexive evaluation. This research advocates for an ecosystem approach to agricultural innovation that gives full play to niche-regime interactions using social-technical perspectives.

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