scholarly journals Social Change through Entrepreneurship: Utilizing Portable Sawmill Based Small Businesses to Promote Community Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal Lupo
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization

Reduced demand for wood and wood products resulting from the economic crisis in the first decade of the 2000s severely impacted the forest industry throughout the world, causing large forest-based organizations to close (CBC News, 2008; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2009; Pepke, 2009). The result was a dramatic increase in unemployment and worker displacement among forest product workers between 2011 and 2013 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). Forested rural communities often depended on the large-scale forest industry for their livelihood, and as a result, decreased reliance on large-scale industry became increasingly important (Lupo, 2015). This article explores portable-sawmill-based entrepreneurship as an opportunity to promote social change in the local community. Results indicated that portable-sawmill-based small businesses created community development opportunities, which promoted social change in the larger community through farm business expansion, conservation efforts to improve local community development, and niche market creation in the local or larger community.

International Labor Organization

1956 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-318
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
International Labor

The seventh session of the International Labor Organization (ILO) Asian Advisory Committee was held in Geneva on November 7 and 8, 1955, under the chairmanship of Mr. Maung Maung (government member, Burma). The session was attended by eight government members, four employers' members, and three workers' members, and by observers from the UN and the Food and Agriculture Organization. The Committee agreed that increased credit facilities for agriculture in Asia would contribute to social and economic progress in the region and might also help to increase the volume of international trade; there was need for wide and repid international action to deal with the problem, and it was suggested that the provision of such credit might be assisted through expended activities on the part of existing international financial agencies. The Committee endorsed a resolution adopted at the fifth session of the Permanent Agricultural Committee concerning the scope and nature of ILO contributies to international programs of action for community organization and development, emphasizing that the ILO should take an active part in conferences, seminars and study groups as well as in technical assistance projects designed to promote community development, and should stress the community development approach within its own program of work. In considering ways of accelerating economic development in Asian countries, the Committee emphasized the need for increased capital investment by countries with capital surpluses, so as to ensure that an increase in the rate of capital formation did not encroach on the level of current consumption.

FRUIT AND BERRIES WORLD PRODUCTION AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1445-1464
Author(s):  
R.R. Mukhametzyanov ◽  
◽  
E.V. Britik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
World Market ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World

Horticulture is an important branch of agriculture with particular importance in some countries of the world. The production of fruits, berries and nuts is an important part of forming a high-grade food supply for the population in many countries, including the developing ones. Basing on the statistical data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN), the authors examined the change in the production volume of these products in the world as a whole for 1961-2018, as well as for the period 1992-2018 in some countries - twenty largest producers in 2018; and a number of trends were identified. In particular, it was noted that in 2018 the global gross harvest of fruits and berries increased by 4.34 times compared to 1961, while that of nuts - by 7.04 times. A deeper analysis in the context of states, which are the main producers of fruits, berries and nuts, carried out for 1922-2018, indicates that there is a change in the positions of these countries in the corresponding world ranking. The quantitative and qualitative changes we observe inevitably have a significant impact both on the volume of the world market in terms of production, and, consequently, the supply of fruit and berry products, and on the parameters of international trade in fruits, berries and nuts. Due to the fact that the Russian Federation is not among the countries - largest producers of fruit and berry products (in 2018 it was the 31st in the global rating for fruits and berries, and the 52nd for nuts), it occupies a very significant position in the world on its imports, especially on some of them. In connection with the policy of import substitution, deployed in response to sanctions from a number of Western states, some positive changes are also observed in the Russian gardening industry. However, imports in the resources of fruits and berries still amounted to 53.6% in 2018. Naturally, many types of fruit and berry products are economically inexpedient to cultivate on an industrial scale in the natural and climatic conditions of our country, but it is necessary to carry out scientifically grounded and systematic work to increase the production of relatively traditional for Russia fruit and berry plants in the large-scale commodity sector.

scholarly journals Spirituality, shifting identities and social change: Cases from the Kalahari landscape

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Lange ◽  
Lauren Dyll-Myklebust
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Artistic Expression ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Spiritual Beliefs ◽  
Change Projects ◽  
Shifting Identities

Storytelling, art and craft can be considered aesthetic expressions of identities. Kalahari identities are not fixed, but fluid. Research with present-day Kalahari People regarding their artistic expression and places where it has been, and is still, practised highlights that these expressions are informed by spirituality. This article explores this idea via two Kalahari case studies: Water Stories recorded in the Upington, Kakamas area, as well as research on a specific rock engraving site at Biesje Poort near Kakamas. The importance of the Kalahari People’s spiritual beliefs as reflected in these case studies and its significance regarding their identities and influence on social change and/or community development projects is discussed. The article thus highlights ways in which spirituality can be considered in relation to social change projects that are characterised by partnerships between local community, non-government and tertiary education representatives and researchers and that highlight storytelling as an integral part of people’s spirituality.

Thinking beyond the pond - promoting livelihoods analysis and approaches for aquaculture development.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Haylor
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Aquatic Resource ◽  
Development Professionals ◽  
Aquatic Resources Management ◽  
Indigenous Technical Knowledge

Abstract Traditionally, development professionals have considered 'lack of technical knowledge' to be a significant constraint to rural development through aquaculture (as well as through other technical disciplines). However, evidence increasingly shows the enormous store of 'indigenous technical knowledge' present in remote, rural communities, although this knowledge is still often undervalued or ignored by 'outside' developers. Gradually this is changing as approaches based on understanding and supporting the lives and livelihoods of people in communities are being increasingly adopted, but building capacity in technical line agencies to work in this way is an enormous undertaking. 'Thinking beyond the pond' is about a pilot project promoting approaches to development involving aquaculture that include learning about livelihoods approaches. With support from a Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP), the Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific-Support to Regional Aquatic Resources Management (NACA-STREAM) Initiative is training national livelihoods teams in a number of countries throughout the Asia-Pacific region and facilitating livelihoods analysis and approaches that aim to benefit poor and vulnerable aquatic resource users.

scholarly journals Definition and detection of vulnerable marine ecosystems on the high seas: problems with the “move-on” rule

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Auster ◽  
Kristina Gjerde ◽  
Eric Heupel ◽  
Les Watling ◽  
Anthony Grehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Precautionary Approach ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
National Jurisdiction ◽  
High Seas

Abstract Auster, P. J., Gjerde, K., Heupel, E., Watling, L., Grehan, A., and Rogers, A. D. 2011. Definition and detection of vulnerable marine ecosystems on the high seas: problems with the “move-on” rule. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 254–264. Fishing in the deep sea in areas beyond national jurisdiction has produced multiple problems related to management for conservation and sustainable use. Based on a growing concern, the United Nations has called on States to prevent significant adverse impacts to vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs) in the deep sea. Although Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines for management were produced through an international consultative process, implementing criteria for designation of VMEs and recognition of such areas when encountered by fishing gear have been problematic. Here we discuss assumptions used to identify VMEs and current requirements related to unforeseen encounters with fishing gear that do not meet technological or ecological realities. A more precautionary approach is needed, given the uncertainties about the location of VMEs and their resilience, such as greatly reducing the threshold for an encounter, implementation of large-scale permanent closed areas, and prohibition of bottom-contact fishing.

scholarly journals O CAPITAL SOCIAL NO DESENVOLVEMENTO LOCAL COMUNITARIO. UN ESTUDO EN COMUNIDADES RURAIS DE BOLIVIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Dante Ayaviri Nina ◽  
Gabith Miriam Quispe Fernández ◽  
María Eugenia Borja Lombeida
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Development Processes

rurais e o seu desenvolvemento local, dadas as potencialidades e recursos existentes nosterritorios. A metodoloxía aplicada é a partir da revisión teórica interpretativa dasdiversas formulacións e as dimensións do capital social neste eido. O estudo identifica ásredes como un elemento destacable no substrato do tecido asociativo para odesenvolvemento local, as organizacións comunitarias, como formas de ralacionamentofortalecidas como principio de xestión colectiva e cooperación, e, por último, a confianzacara ás organizacións nas súas actuacións e intervencións nos procesos dedesenvolvemento comunitario, onde os actores locais xogan un papel relevante nosprocesos de desenvolvemento local das comunidades rurais. Así, o estudo conclúe facendoespecial énfase nas dimensións como mecanismos e elementos que determinan odesenvolvemento local baseados na construción de relacións no capital social e odesenvolvemento local comunitario. The research studies the dimensions of social capital in the context of rural communitiesand their local development, given the potential and resources in the territories. Theapplied methodology is based on the theoretical revision of the different approaches andthe dimensions of social capital in this area. The study identifies networks as a prominentelement in the substrate of the associative fabric for local development, communityorganizations, with strengthened relationships as a principle of collective managementand cooperation, and finally, the trust in organizations, in their actions and interventionsin community development processes, where local actors play a relevant role in the localdevelopment processes of rural communities. Thus, the study concludes with a specialemphasis on dimensions as mechanisms and elements that determine local developmentbased on building relationships in social capital and local community development.

scholarly journals Mitigation of the Impact of the Covid 19 Pandemic on Poverty and Income Distribution: A Case Study in Wonogiri Regency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endang Siti Rahayu ◽  
Okid Parama Astirin ◽  
Suryanto Suryanto
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The People ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Covid pandemic had a significant impact on the economy because almost all sectors are affected. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) warned countries to be alert to the potential food crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research objectives are to (1) identify the income of the people affected by Covid 19, (2) analyze the changes in income, (3) formulate a mitigation model. The research method used is a survey with 240 respondents from rural communities affected by Covid 19, especially farmers and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The analytical method used is cost and income analysis, SWOT analysis, poverty analysis and income distribution with the Gini Index approach. Covid 19 has impacted decreasing income and increasing poverty by 48.44% and the GI value of 0.604. The income distribution is increasingly widening and low/poor. Based on the SWOT analysis, the people affected by Covid 19 are in quadrant II, the point of growth and development. Mitigation model to prevent poverty and increase equity level with intensive strategy and integrative strategy. The strategy is to maintain product quality and continuity and optimization and development of marketing by utilizing government support and institutional strengthening.

scholarly journals Program Kemitraan Dan Bina Lingkungan Sebagai Bentuk Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Di Belawan Kota Medan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-41
Author(s):  
Simson Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Procedure ◽  
Written Word

The purpose of this research is to find out whether PT. (Persero) Indonesia's Port of Belawan Main Branch I have been doing local community empowerment activities (its environment) and what are the factors that hampered and supporters in the activities of the community empowerment. This research was qualitative research with a descriptive method, i.e. the research procedure that generates descriptive data in the form of the written word or spoken and the behavior of people who observed, i.e. the existing community around the the environment of PT Persero Indonesia's Port I main branch of Belawan, through interviews, observation and documentation. Community empowerment in the environs of PT. (Persero) Indonesia's Port I main branch of Belawan in partnerships program with small businesses and Community Development Program is still limited to venture capital lending, assistance towards victims of natural disasters, aid (contribution) of education, and public development assistance. This is more emphasize the economic and development dimensions rather than the social and science and technology dimensions. Obstacles faced was the lack of funds for the implementation of the community development program and partnership as well as a lack of  field employee that is in charge of providing training and education for the built community. The surrounding community is not directly involved in policy making to support community empowerment activities. Likewise in solving problems by allowing problems to occur, without providing assistance for their resolution. Like when partner experience obstacles in repaying loan capital, they just bill to the place of the business partners. If it doesn't already exist, it will be billed the following month, without any assistance how to solve the problem.

scholarly journals Global mitigation potential of carbon stored in harvested wood products

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (29) ◽  
pp. 14526-14531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig M. T. Johnston ◽  
Volker C. Radeloff
Keyword(s):  
Good Practice ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Harvested Wood Products ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The Us ◽  
End Use

Carbon stored in harvested wood products (HWPs) can affect national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories, in which the production and end use of HWPs play a key role. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides guidance on HWP carbon accounting, which is sensitive to future developments of socioeconomic factors including population, income, and trade. We estimated the carbon stored within HWPs from 1961 to 2065 for 180 countries following IPCC carbon-accounting guidelines, consistent with Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAOSTAT) historical data and plausible futures outlined by the shared socioeconomic pathways. We found that the global HWP pool was a net annual sink of 335 Mt of CO2 equivalent (CO2e)⋅y−1 in 2015, offsetting substantial amounts of industrial processes within some countries, and as much as 441 Mt of CO2e⋅y−1 by 2030 under certain socioeconomic developments. Furthermore, there is a considerable sequestration gap (71 Mt of CO2e⋅y−1 of unaccounted carbon storage in 2015 and 120 Mt of CO2e⋅y−1 by 2065) under current IPCC Good Practice Guidance, as traded feedstock is ineligible for national GHG inventories. However, even under favorable socioeconomic conditions, and when accounting for the sequestration gap, carbon stored annually in HWPs is <1% of global emissions. Furthermore, economic shocks can turn the HWP pool into a carbon source either long-term—e.g., the collapse of the USSR—or short-term—e.g., the US economic recession of 2008/09. In conclusion, carbon stored within end-use HWPs varies widely across countries and depends on evolving market forces.

scholarly journals An Improved Forest Structure Data Set for Europe

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Christoph Pucher ◽  
Mathias Neumann ◽  
Hubert Hasenauer
Keyword(s):  
Structure Data ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
European Forests ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
European Forest

Today, European forests face many challenges but also offer opportunities, such as climate change mitigation, provision of renewable resources, energy and other ecosystem services. Large-scale analyses to assess these opportunities are hindered by the lack of a consistent, spatial and accessible forest structure data. This study presents a freely available pan-European forest structure data set. Building on our previous work, we used data from six additional countries and consider now ten key forest stand variables. Harmonized inventory data from 16 European countries were used in combination with remote sensing data and a gap-filling algorithm to produce this consistent and comparable forest structure data set across European forests. We showed how land cover data can be used to scale inventory data to a higher resolution which in turn ensures a consistent data structure across sub-regional, country and European forest assessments. Cross validation and comparison with published country statistics of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) indicate that the chosen methodology is able to produce robust and accurate forest structure data across Europe, even for areas where no inventory data were available.

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