scholarly journals Climate change and its negative impacts

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Tripathi ◽  
Ajay Kumar Pal

Climate change has emerged as a problem that has not only affected the economy of the world, but its impact should be seen on the present generation as well as on the coming generation of human beings. It is a universal problem that has its impact on all living beings in some form or another. Currently the whole world is concerned about the effects of climate change. Awareness is being credited not only by organizing seminars and programs around the world, but also on some important agreements are being signed to take effective steps in this regard. As we all know, agriculture is the prime place in areas affected due to climate change whose most vivid example can be seen as a serious economic loss to India's coffee and tea growers. To overcome this problem a number of plans, policies and conferences are being undertaken so that future generations could be awared and protected from the serious consequences of climate change.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1100-1107
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Phu

Climate change is one of the greatest threats to human beings, and agriculture is one of the fields that is most negatively affected by climate change. Farmers around the world and global food supply chains are impacted by the more extreme weather phenomena and increased damage of diseases and pests caused by climate change. Today, almost all agricultural enterprises and farms consider climate change a serious long-term risk for their production. Agricultural land systems can produce significant greenhouse gases (GHGs) by the conversion of forests to crop- and animal lands, and also through the weak management of crops and livestock. Around the world, cultivation and cattle production accounts for 25% of global GHG emissions (Javeline, ‎2014). However, under suitable conditions, agriculture can create environmental conditions that can help minimize pollution and the negative effects of climate change including carbon absorption by green plants in forests, and fields for watershed protection and biodiversity conservation. Sustainable agriculture helps farmers to adapt, maintain, and improve productivity without applying harmful techniques. In turn, this allows farms to manage and mitigate climate-related risks in their supply chains. The Sustainable Agriculture Network (SAN) has found new ways to incorporate smart climate cultivation methods into all farming practices to help farms and enterprises carry out agriculture sustainably.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Williamson

AbstractWhile climate change involves spatial, epistemological, social, and temporal remoteness, each type of distance can be bridged with strategies unique to it that can be borrowed from analogous moral problems. Temporal, or intergenerational, distance may actually be a motivational resource if we look at our natural feelings of hope for the future of the world, via Kant’s theory of political history, and for our children. Kant’s theory of hope also provides some basis for including future generations in a theory of justice.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Михаил Елизаров

Over the decades, attempts were made to elaborate a legally binding single document on ocean resource management that would be acceptable to all countries. The culmination of this process was the adoption of the 1982 UN Convention on the law of sea. Since its entry into force, the Convention has become an important legal basis for ensuring the rational use of the world's ocean resources and their long-term conservation on behalf of future generations. At the same time, there remains the very acute challenge associated with finding a balance between reaching a global consensus on issues that are common to all and identifying topics that can be addressed and resolved by leaders at the global level. As humankind continues to postpone the adoption of urgent measures to prevent the effects of climate change, the environment deteriorates, while measures to mitigate these effects get more expensive and complex.


Africa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie McQuaid ◽  
Robert M. Vanderbeck ◽  
Gill Valentine ◽  
Chen Liu ◽  
Lily Chen ◽  
...  

AbstractThere is an urgent need to understand lived experiences of climate change in the context of African cities, where even small climate shocks can have significant implications for the livelihoods of the urban poor. This article examines narratives of climate and livelihood changes within Jinja Municipality, Uganda, emphasizing how Jinja's residents make sense of climate change through their own narrative frames rather than through the lens of global climate change discourses. We demonstrate how the onset of climate change in Jinja is widely attributed to perceived moral and environmental failings on the part of a present generation that is viewed as both more destructive than previous generations and unable to preserve land, trees and other resources for future generations. A focus on local ontologies of climate change highlights how the multiple, intersecting vulnerabilities of contemporary urban life in Jinja serve to obfuscate not only the conditions of possibility of an immediate future, but the longer-term horizons for future generations, as changing weather patterns exacerbate existing challenges people face in adapting to wider socio-economic changes and rising livelihood vulnerability. This form of analysis situates changing climate and environments within the context of everyday urban struggles and emphasizes the need for civic participation in developing climate change strategies that avoid the pitfalls of climate reductionism. The article draws on more than 150 qualitative interviews, generational dialogue groups, and creative methods based on research-led community theatre.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
M. Saraswathy

Shashi Deshpande focuses the need of human beings of present generation to be optimistic in the fast moving planetary as human life across the world is turning bleak time and again. In modern society, people fail to train their minds to be positive, they intentionally or unintentionally give space for emotions and thoughts to torture their thoughts perhaps and that leads to mental illness and carries malicious reflection in individuals, families and societies. Shashi Deshpande does a complete analysis on the rational thinking process of human beings to create happiness and to experience the power of one’s creation in this cosmic. Through her characters, Shashi Deshpande makes the readers understand that to enhance and empower their role in life, they must learn to unlearn negative thoughts and fill their minds with positive thoughts.


Author(s):  
Ysadora A. Mirabelli-Montan ◽  
Matteo Marangon ◽  
Antonio Graça ◽  
Christine M. Mayr Marangon ◽  
Kerry L. Wilkinson

Smoke taint has become a prominent issue for the global wine industry as climate change continues to impact the length and extremity of fire seasons around the world. When grapevines are exposed to smoke, their leaves and fruit can adsorb volatile smoke compounds (for example, volatile phenols such as guaiacol, 4-methylguaiacol, o-, m- and p-cresol, and syringol), which can initially be detected in free (aglycone) forms but are rapidly converted to glycoconjugate forms due to glycosylation. During the fermentation process, these glycoconjugates can be broken down, releasing volatile phenols that contribute undesirable sensory characteristics to the resultant wine (i.e. smokey and ashy attributes). Several methods have been evaluated, both viticultural measures and winemaking techniques, for mitigating and/or remediating the negative effects of grapevine smoke exposure. While there is currently no single method that universally solves the problem of smoke taint, this paper outlines the tools available that can help to minimize the negative impacts of smoke taint (Figure 1).


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eryuan Liang ◽  
Xiaoming Lu ◽  
Yafeng Wang ◽  
Flurin Babst ◽  
Steven W. Leavitt ◽  
...  

<p>Alpine biomes are climate change hotspots, and treeline dynamics in particular have received much attention as visible evidence of climate-induced shifts in species distributions. Comparatively little is known, however, about the effects of climate change on alpine shrubline dynamics. Here, we reconstruct decadally resolved shrub recruitment history (age structure) through the combination of field surveys and dendroecology methods at the world’s highest juniper (Juniperus pingii var. wilsonii) shrublines on the south-central Tibetan Plateau. A total of 1,899 shrubs were surveyed at 12 plots located in four regions along an east-to-west declining precipitation gradient. We detected synchronous recruitment with 9 out of 12 plots showing a gradual increase from 1600 to 1900, a peak at 1900–1940, and a subsequent decrease from the 1930s onward. Shrub recruitment was significantly and positively correlated with reconstructed summer temperature from 1600 to 1940, whereas it was negatively associated with temperature in recent decades (1930–2000). Recruitment was also positively correlated with precipitation, except in the 1780–1830 period, when a trend toward wetter climate conditions began. This apparent tipping point in recruitment success coincides with a switch from positive to negative impacts of rising temperatures.  Warming-induced drought limitation has likely reduced the recruitment potential of alpine juniper shrubs in recent decades. Continued warming is thus expected to further alter the dynamics of alpine shrublines on the Tibetan Plateau and elsewhere.</p>


1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Karnein

It is becoming less and less controversial that we ought to aggressively combat climate change. One main reason for doing so is concern for future generations, as it is they who will be the most seriously affected by it. Surprisingly, none of the more prominent deontological theories of intergenerational justice can explain why it is wrong for the present generation to do very little to stop worsening the problem. This paper discusses three such theories, namely indirect reciprocity, common ownership of the earth and human rights. It shows that while indirect reciprocity and common ownership are both too undemanding, the human rights approach misunderstands the nature of our intergenerational relationships, thereby capturing either too much or too little about what is problematic about climate change. The paper finally proposes a way to think about intergenerational justice that avoids the pitfalls of the traditional theories and can explain what is wrong with perpetuating climate change. 


Author(s):  
Sahra Stensgaard Jakobsen

Denne artikel undersøger, på baggrund af et feltarbejde blandt unge klimaak- tivister på den københavnske vestegn, hvorledes aktivisterne forholdt sig til de moralske og eksistentielle aspekter af de såkaldt menneskeskabte klimaforan- dringer. Artiklen beskriver og analyserer aktivisternes forståelse af begreberne „natur“, „miljø“ og „klima“ som udtryk for et komplekst og situationelt natursyn, der strækker sig som et kontinuum mellem den selvberoende natur og den men- neskeskabte natur som yderpoler, og med klimaet som omfattende hele spændet. Begreberne og de medfølgende natursyn bliver belyst som narrativer, der praktise- res blandt de unge i den modernistiske og planlagte by, Albertslund. I accept af de menneskeskabte klimaforandringer som et faktum udvider aktivisterne deres allerede indlejrede, miljøbevidste normer og praksisser til en egentlig økologisk kosmologi, der henviser til naturen som en fuldstændigt integreret cyklus af levende væseners, herunder menneskers, og fysiske mekanismers reciprokke forhold af påvirkninger og stofudvekslinger. Konsekvensen af dette er, at skel- let mellem natur og kultur bliver irrelevant, og naturen bliver derved potentielt farlig for mennesker.Søgeord: klimaforandringer, kosmologi, natursyn, aktivister, natur-kultur-dikotomi, cyklus.English: In Albertslund Everything is Man-made, Even Nature. An Anthropological Study of Climate Activists’ Comprehensive Idea of Nature This article inquires into how young climate activists in a Copenhagen suburb came to terms with the moral and existential issues raised by their changing perceptions of their own agency in climate change. The article describes and analyzes how they perceive of “nature”, “environment” and “climate” and how their perceptions are inscribed in narratives of everyday life in planned suburban surroundings. As they became convinced of their own part in climate change, they expanded already embodied environmental norms and practises into articulated climate awareness and an organic cosmology. Within this organic cosmology “environment” and “climate” are regarded as systems of inter-dependent cycles including human beings, and this model of the world is easily transformed into changed social practices, such as saving energy. When transformed into climate awareness these cycles include the entire globe. In addition to this cyclic perception of “environment” and “climate”, the activists practice a perception of “nature” in a dichotomous relation to “culture”. This perception enabled them to act in a moral way on behalf of “nature”, even though it was logically inconsistent with the cyclic perception of “environment”. I argue that these perceptions of “nature”, “environment” and “climate” formed a continuum, and that the activists practised them in various ways, dependent on context. The article accounts for their capacity to act on the threats they saw in climate changes.Keywords: Climate change, cosmology, perceptions of nature, activists, nature- culture dichotomy, cycle 


Author(s):  
Michael Blake

Most discussions of intergenerational justice focus on distributive justice between generations. Much of contemporary thinking about justice, though, focuses on how people might reason together in a respectful and egalitarian manner—with, that is, justice in political discourse. This chapter seeks to apply this latter sort of theorizing to the intergenerational context. It identifies two ways in which discursive justice might be applicable to that context. First, the present generation might wrong future generations by making discursive justice more difficult in the future; it might, for instance, create a future in which political agents must display greater virtue—both intellectual and moral—than present generations have had to demonstrate. Second, if we accept that agents may have interests that outlive themselves, then one generation might wrong another by failing to listen to the claims that persist through time and across generations. This discussion is compatible with the conclusion that moral claims generally diminish in importance over time; as the world in which a given generation’s moral commitments were made changes, so too does the moral pull of those commitments diminish.


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